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Arthritis Research & Therapy
Published in: Arthritis Research & Therapy 1/2021

Open Access 01-12-2021 | Osteoarthrosis | Review

The gut microbiota in osteoarthritis: where do we stand and what can we do?

Authors: Xiaoxia Hao, Xingru Shang, Jiawei Liu, Ruimin Chi, Jiaming Zhang, Tao Xu

Published in: Arthritis Research & Therapy | Issue 1/2021

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Abstract

Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most frequent musculoskeletal diseases characterized by degeneration of articular cartilage, subchondral bone remodeling, and synovial membrane inflammation, which is a leading cause of global disability, morbidity, and decreased quality of life. Interpreting the potential mechanisms of OA pathogenesis is essential for developing novel prevention and disease-modifying therapeutic interventions. Gut microbiota is responsible for a series of metabolic, immunological, and structural and neurological functions, potentially elucidating the heterogeneity of OA phenotypes and individual features. In this narrative review, we summarized research evidence supporting the hypothesis of a “gut-joint axis” and the interaction between gut microbiota and the OA-relevant factors, including age, gender, genetics, metabolism, central nervous system, and joint injury, elucidating the underlying mechanisms of this intricate interaction. In the context, we also speculated the promising manipulation of gut microbiota in OA management, such as exercise and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), highlighting the clinical values of gut microbiota. Additionally, future research directions, such as more convincing studies by the interventions of gut microbiota, the gene regulation of host contributing to or attributed to the specific phenotypes of gut microbiota related to OA, and the relevance of distinct cell subgroups to gut microbiota, are expected. Moreover, gut microbiota is also the potential biomarker related to inflammation and gut dysbiosis that is able to predict OA progression and monitor the efficacy of therapeutic intervention.
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Metadata
Title
The gut microbiota in osteoarthritis: where do we stand and what can we do?
Authors
Xiaoxia Hao
Xingru Shang
Jiawei Liu
Ruimin Chi
Jiaming Zhang
Tao Xu
Publication date
01-12-2021
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Arthritis Research & Therapy / Issue 1/2021
Electronic ISSN: 1478-6362
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13075-021-02427-9

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