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Trials
Published in: Trials 1/2023

Open Access 01-12-2023 | Mood Disorders | Study protocol

Perimenopausal Effects of Estradiol on Anhedonia and Psychosis Study (PEEPs): study protocol for a neural and molecular mechanistic clinical trial

Authors: Melissa J. M. Walsh, Kathryn Gibson, Megan Hynd, Tory A. Eisenlohr-Moul, Erin C. Walsh, Lauren Schiff, Fred Jarskog, David Lalush, Gabriel S. Dichter, Crystal E. Schiller

Published in: Trials | Issue 1/2023

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Abstract

Background

The perimenopausal transition is accompanied by psychiatric symptoms in over 10% of women. Symptoms commonly include depressed mood and anhedonia and less commonly include psychosis. Psychiatric symptoms have been linked to the depletion and/or variability of circulating estradiol, and estradiol treatment reduces perimenopausal anhedonia and psychosis in some women. Estrogen fluctuations may disrupt function in the mesolimbic reward system in some women, leading to psychiatric symptoms like anhedonia or psychosis. The Perimenopausal Effects of Estradiol on Anhedonia and Psychosis Study (PEEPs) is a mechanistic clinical trial that aims to (1) identify relationships between perimenopausal-onset anhedonia and psychosis and neuromolecular markers of mesolimbic reward responses and (2) determine the extent to which estradiol treatment-induced changes in mesolimbic reward responses are associated with alleviation of perimenopausal onset anhedonia or psychosis.

Methods

This study will recruit 100 unmedicated women ages 44–55 in the late-stage perimenopausal transition, sampling across the range of mild-to-high anhedonia and absent-to-moderate psychosis symptoms. Patients will be randomized to receive either estradiol or placebo treatment for 3 weeks. Clinical outcome measures will include symptoms of anhedonia (measured with Snaith–Hamilton Pleasure Scale; SHAPS) and psychosis (measured with Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale; BPRS psychosis subscale) as well as neural markers of mesolimbic reward system functioning, including reward-related fMRI activation and PET-derived measure of striatal dopamine binding. Pre-treatment associations between (1) SHAPS/BPRS scores and (2) reward-related striatal dopamine binding/BOLD activation will be examined. Furthermore, longitudinal mixed models will be used to estimate (1) symptom and neuromolecular trajectories as a function of estradiol vs. placebo treatment and (2) how changes in reward-related striatal dopamine binding and BOLD activation predict variability in symptom trajectories in response to estradiol treatment.

Discussion

This clinical trial will be the first to characterize neural and molecular mechanisms by which estradiol treatment ameliorates anhedonia and psychosis symptoms during the perimenopausal transition, thus laying the groundwork for future biomarker research to predict susceptibility and prognosis and develop targeted treatments for perimenopausal psychiatric symptoms. Furthermore, in alignment with the National Institute for Mental Health Research Domain Criteria initiative, this trial will improve our understanding of a range of disorders characterized by anhedonia, psychosis, and reward system dysfunction.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05282277
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Metadata
Title
Perimenopausal Effects of Estradiol on Anhedonia and Psychosis Study (PEEPs): study protocol for a neural and molecular mechanistic clinical trial
Authors
Melissa J. M. Walsh
Kathryn Gibson
Megan Hynd
Tory A. Eisenlohr-Moul
Erin C. Walsh
Lauren Schiff
Fred Jarskog
David Lalush
Gabriel S. Dichter
Crystal E. Schiller
Publication date
01-12-2023
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Trials / Issue 1/2023
Electronic ISSN: 1745-6215
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-023-07166-7

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