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Nutrition & Metabolism
Published in: Nutrition & Metabolism 1/2018

Open Access 01-12-2018 | Research

Nut consumption and risk of metabolic syndrome and overweight/obesity: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies and randomized trials

Authors: Hang Li, Xia Li, Sheng Yuan, Yalei Jin, Jinping Lu

Published in: Nutrition & Metabolism | Issue 1/2018

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Abstract

Background

Nut consumption has been shown to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. However, its role in the prevention of metabolic disorders, such as metabolic syndrome (Mets) and overweight/obesity, remains controversial. We therefore conducted a meta-analysis to determine the association of nut consumption with Mets and overweight/obesity.

Methods

Eligible studies were identified by searching the PubMed and Embase databases and by reviewing the references of relevant literatures. We used random effect models to pool the studies-specific risk ratio (RR) and weighted mean difference (WMD).

Results

This meta-analysis included six prospective cohort studies with 420,890 subjects and 62 randomized feeding trials with 7184 participants. Among the cohort studies, the summary RR for every 1-serving/week increase in nut intake was 0.96 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.92 to 0.99; n = 3) for Mets, 0.97 (95% CI: 0.95 to 0.98; n = 2) for overweight/obesity, and 0.95 (95% CI: 0.89 to 1.02; n = 2) for obesity. Pooling of randomized trials indicated that nut consumption was related to a significant reduction in body weight (WMD: − 0.22 Kg, 95% CI: -0.40 to − 0.04), body mass index (WMD: − 0.16 Kg/m2, 95% CI: -0.31 to − 0.01), and waist circumference (WMD: − 0.51 cm, 95% CI: -0.95 to − 0.07). These findings remained stable in the sensitivity analysis, and no publication bias was detected.

Conclusion

Nut consumption may be beneficial in the prevention of Mets and overweight/obesity. Additional prospective studies are needed to enhance these findings and to explore the metabolic benefits for specific subclasses of nut.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
Nut consumption and risk of metabolic syndrome and overweight/obesity: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies and randomized trials
Authors
Hang Li
Xia Li
Sheng Yuan
Yalei Jin
Jinping Lu
Publication date
01-12-2018
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Nutrition & Metabolism / Issue 1/2018
Electronic ISSN: 1743-7075
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12986-018-0282-y

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