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Virology Journal
Published in: Virology Journal 1/2016

Open Access 01-12-2016 | Review

The interplay between human herpes simplex virus infection and the apoptosis and necroptosis cell death pathways

Authors: Xiaoliang Yu, Sudan He

Published in: Virology Journal | Issue 1/2016

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Abstract

Human herpes simplex virus (HSV) is a ubiquitous human pathogen that establishes a lifelong latent infection and is associated with mucocutaneous lesions. In multicellular organisms, cell death is a crucial host defense mechanism that eliminates pathogen-infected cells. Apoptosis is a well-defined form of programmed cell death executed by a group of cysteine proteases, called caspases. Studies have shown that HSV has evolved strategies to counteract caspase activation and apoptosis by encoding anti-apoptotic viral proteins such as gD, gJ, Us3, LAT, and the ribonucleotide reductase large subunit (R1). Recently, necroptosis has been identified as a regulated form of necrosis that can be invoked in the absence of caspase activity. Receptor-interacting kinase 3 (RIP3 or RIPK3) has emerged as a central signaling molecule in necroptosis; it is activated via interaction with other RIP homotypic interaction motif (RHIM)-containing proteins such as RIP1 (or RIPK1). There is increasing evidence that HSV R1 manipulates necroptosis via the RHIM-dependent inactivation or activation ofRIP3 in a species-specific manner. This review summarizes the current understanding of the interplay between HSV infection and cell death pathways, with an emphasis on apoptosis and necroptosis.
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Metadata
Title
The interplay between human herpes simplex virus infection and the apoptosis and necroptosis cell death pathways
Authors
Xiaoliang Yu
Sudan He
Publication date
01-12-2016
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Virology Journal / Issue 1/2016
Electronic ISSN: 1743-422X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12985-016-0528-0

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