Top

Published in:

Open Access 01-12-2023 | Mesothelioma | Review

Preventive and therapeutic opportunities: targeting BAP1 and/or HMGB1 pathways to diminish the burden of mesothelioma

Authors: Michele Carbone, Michael Minaai, Yasutaka Takinishi, Ian Pagano, Haining Yang

Published in: Journal of Translational Medicine | Issue 1/2023

Abstract

Mesothelioma is a cancer typically caused by asbestos. Mechanistically, asbestos carcinogenesis has been linked to the asbestos-induced release of HMGB1 from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, where HMGB1 promotes autophagy and cell survival, and to the extracellular space where HMGB1 promotes chronic inflammation and mesothelioma growth. Targeting HMGB1 inhibited asbestos carcinogenesis and the growth of mesothelioma. It is hoped that targeting HMGB1 will be a novel therapeutic strategy that benefits mesothelioma patients. Severe restrictions and/or a complete ban on the use of asbestos were introduced in the 80 and early 90s in the Western world. These measures have proven effective as the incidence of mesothelioma/per 100,000 persons is decreasing in these countries. However, the overall number of mesotheliomas in the Western world has not significantly decreased. There are several reasons for that which are discussed here: (1) the presence of asbestos in old constructions; (2) the development of rural areas containing asbestos or other carcinogenic mineral fibers in the terrain; (3) the discovery of an increasing fraction of mesotheliomas caused by germline genetic mutations of BAP1 and other tumor suppressor genes; (4) mesotheliomas caused by radiation therapy; (5) the overall increase in the population and of the fraction of older people who are much more susceptible to develop all types of cancers, including mesothelioma. In summary, the epidemiology of mesothelioma is changing, the ban on asbestos worked, there are opportunities to help mesothelioma patients especially those who develop in a background of germline mutations and there is the opportunity to prevent a mesothelioma epidemic in the developing world, where the use of asbestos is increasing exponentially. We hope that restrictive measures similar to those introduced in the Western world will soon be introduced in developing countries to prevent a mesothelioma epidemic.

Baumann F, Ambrosi JP, Carbone M. Asbestos is not just asbestos: an unrecognised health hazard. Lancet Oncol. 2013;14(7):576–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(13)70257-2.CrossRefPubMed

Sluis-Cremer GK, Liddell FD, Logan WP, Bezuidenhout BN. The mortality of amphibole miners in South Africa, 1946–80. Br J Ind Med. 1992;49(8):566–75. https://doi.org/10.1136/oem.49.8.566.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Carbone M, Adusumilli PS, Alexander HR Jr, et al. Mesothelioma: scientific clues for prevention, diagnosis, and therapy. CA Cancer J Clin. 2019;69(5):402–29. https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21572.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Carbone M, Ly BH, Dodson RF, et al. Malignant mesothelioma: facts, myths, and hypotheses. J Cell Physiol. 2012;227(1):44–58. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcp.22724.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Alpert N, van Gerwen M, Taioli E. Epidemiology of mesothelioma in the 21(St) century in Europe and the United States, 40 years after restricted/banned asbestos use. Transl Lung Cancer Res. 2020;9(Suppl 1):28-S38. https://doi.org/10.21037/tlcr.2019.11.11.CrossRef

Baumann F, Carbone M. Environmental risk of mesothelioma in the United States: an emerging concern-epidemiological issues. J Toxicol Environ Health Part B Crit Rev. 2016;19(5–6):231–49. https://doi.org/10.1080/10937404.2016.1195322.CrossRef

Huang J, Chan SC, Pang WS, et al. Global incidence, risk factors, and temporal trends of mesothelioma: a population-based study. J Thorac Oncol. 2023;18(6):792–802. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtho.2023.01.095.CrossRefPubMed

Walker-Bone K, Benke G, MacFarlane E, et al. Incidence and mortality from malignant mesothelioma 1982–2020 and relationship with asbestos exposure: the Australian Mesothelioma Registry. Occup Environ Med. 2023;80(4):186–91. https://doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2022-108669.CrossRefPubMed

Carbone M, Yang H, Pass H, Taioli E. Did the ban on asbestos reduce the incidence of mesothelioma? J Thorac Oncol. 2023;18(6):694–7.CrossRefPubMed

10.

Roggl VL, Green CL, Liu B, Carney JM, Glass CH, Pavlisko EN. Chronological trends in the causation of malignant mesothelioma: fiber burden analysis of 619 cases over four decades. Environ Res. 2023;230: 114530. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114530.CrossRefPubMed

11.

Vimercati L, Cavone D, Delfino MC, et al. Asbestos air pollution: description of a mesothelioma cluster due to residential exposure from an asbestos cement factory. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(8): 2636. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17082636.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

12.

Carbone M, Baris YI, Bertino P, et al. Erionite exposure in North Dakota and Turkish villages with mesothelioma. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2011;108(33):13618–23. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1105887108.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

13.

Baumann F, Buck BJ, Metcalf RV, McLaurin BT, Merkler DJ, Carbone M. The presence of asbestos in the natural environment is likely related to mesothelioma in young individuals and women from southern Nevada. J Thorac Oncol. 2015;10(5):731–7. https://doi.org/10.1097/JTO.0000000000000506.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

14.

Ryan PH, Dihle M, Griffin S, et al. Erionite in road gravel associated with interstitial and pleural changes—an occupational hazard in western United States. J Occup Environ Med. 2011;53(8):892–8. https://doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0b013e318223d44c.CrossRefPubMed

15.

Carbone M, Pass HI, Ak G, et al. Medical and surgical care of patients with mesothelioma and their relatives carrying germline BAP1 mutations. J Thorac Oncol. 2022;17(7):873–89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtho.2022.03.014.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

16.

Hassan R, Morrow B, Walsh T, et al. Inherited predisposition to malignant mesothelioma (MM) due to mutations in DNA repair genes. J Clin Oncol. 2018;36(15suppl):8504–8504. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2018.36.15_suppl.8504.CrossRef

17.

Panou V, Gadiraju M, Wolin A, et al. Frequency of germline mutations in cancer susceptibility genes in malignant mesothelioma. J Clin Oncol. 2018;36(28):2863–71. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2018.78.5204.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

18.

Bononi A, Goto K, Ak G, et al. Heterozygous germline BLM mutations increase susceptibility to asbestos and mesothelioma. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2020;117(52):33466–73. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2019652117.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

19.

Pastorino S, Yoshikawa Y, Pass HI, et al. A subset of mesotheliomas with improved survival occurring in carriers of BAP1 and other germline mutations. J Clin Oncol. 2018;36(35):JCO2018790352. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2018.79.0352.CrossRefPubMed

20.

Kadariya Y, Cheung M, Xu J, et al. Bap1 is a bona fide tumor suppressor: genetic evidence from mouse models carrying heterozygous germline Bap1 mutations. Cancer Res. 2016;76(9):2836–44. https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-15-3371.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

21.

Carbone M, Arron ST, Beutler B, et al. Tumour predisposition and cancer syndromes as models to study gene-environment interactions. Nat Rev Cancer. 2020;20(9):533–49. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41568-020-0265-y.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

22.

Chirieac LR, Barletta JA, Yeap BY, et al. Clinicopathologic characteristics of malignant mesotheliomas arising in patients with a history of radiation for Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. J Clin Oncol. 2013;31(36):4544–9. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2013.49.9616.CrossRefPubMed

23.

Farioli A, Ottone M, Morganti AG, et al. Radiation-induced mesothelioma among long-term solid cancer survivors: a longitudinal analysis of SEER database. Cancer Med. 2016;5(5):950–9. https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.656.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

24.

Baumann F, Flores E, Napolitano A, et al. Mesothelioma patients with germline BAP1 mutations have 7-fold improved long-term survival. Carcinogenesis. 2015;36(1):76–81. https://doi.org/10.1093/carcin/bgu227.CrossRefPubMed

25.

Mitchell OD, Gilliam K, Del Gaudio D, et al. Germline variants incidentally detected via tumor-only genomic profiling of patients with mesothelioma. JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(8):e2327351. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.27351.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

26.

Yano M, Ikeda Y, Kato T, et al. A case of peritoneal malignant mesothelioma following radiation therapy for cervical cancer. Mol Clin Oncol. 2018;8(2):302–5. https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2017.1525.CrossRefPubMed

27.

Naeini YB, Arcega R, Hirschowitz S, Rao N, Xu H. Post-irradiation pericardial malignant mesothelioma with deletion of p16: a case report. Cancer Biol Med. 2018;15(1):97–102. https://doi.org/10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2017.0169.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

28.

Guo Z, Carbone M, Zhang X, et al. Improving the accuracy of mesothelioma diagnosis in China. J Thorac Oncol. 2017;12(4):714–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtho.2016.12.006.CrossRefPubMed

29.

Chapel DB, Schulte JJ, Husain AN, Krausz T. Application of immunohistochemistry in diagnosis and management of malignant mesothelioma. Transl Lung Cancer Res. 2020;9(Suppl 1):3-S27. https://doi.org/10.21037/tlcr.2019.11.29.CrossRef

30.

Bocchetta M, Di Resta I, Powers A, et al. Human mesothelial cells are unusually susceptible to simian virus 40-mediated transformation and asbestos cocarcinogenicity. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2000;97(18):10214–9. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.170207097.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

31.

Qi F, Okimoto G, Jube S, et al. Continuous exposure to chrysotile asbestos can cause transformation of human mesothelial cells via HMGB1 and TNF-alpha signaling. Am J Pathol. 2013;183(5):1654–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajpath.2013.07.029.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

32.

Yang H, Rivera Z, Jube S, et al. Programmed necrosis induced by asbestos in human mesothelial cells causes high-mobility group box 1 protein release and resultant inflammation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2010;107(28):12611–6. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1006542107.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

33.

Xue J, Patergnani S, Giorgi C, et al. Asbestos induces mesothelial cell transformation via HMGB1-driven autophagy. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2020;117(41):25543–52. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2007622117.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

34.

Novelli F, Bononi A, Wang Q, et al. BAP1 forms a trimer with HMGB1 and HDAC1 that modulates gene x environment interaction with asbestos. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2021. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2111946118.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

35.

Xue J, Suarez JS, Minaai M, et al. HMGB1 as a therapeutic target in disease. J Cell Physiol. 2021;236(5):3406–19. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcp.30125.CrossRefPubMed

36.

Larson D, Powers A, Ambrosi JP, et al. Investigating Palygorskite’s role in the development of mesothelioma in southern Nevada: insights into fiber-induced carcinogenicity. J Toxicol Environ Health Part B Crit Rev. 2016;19(5–6):213–30. https://doi.org/10.1080/10937404.2016.1195321.CrossRef

37.

Comertpay S, Pastorino S, Tanji M, et al. Evaluation of clonal origin of malignant mesothelioma. J Transl Med. 2014;12:301. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-014-0301-3.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

38.

Jube S, Rivera ZS, Bianchi ME, et al. Cancer cell secretion of the DAMP protein HMGB1 supports progression in malignant mesothelioma. Cancer Res. 2012;72(13):3290–301. https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-11-3481.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

39.

Yang H, Pellegrini L, Napolitano A, et al. Aspirin delays mesothelioma growth by inhibiting HMGB1-mediated tumor progression. Cell Death Dis. 2015;6(6):e1786. https://doi.org/10.1038/cddis.2015.153.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

40.

Pellegrini L, Xue J, Larson D, et al. HMGB1 targeting by ethyl pyruvate suppresses malignant phenotype of human mesothelioma. Oncotarget. 2017;8(14):22649–61. https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.15152.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

41.

Mezzapelle R, De Marchis F, Passera C, et al. CXCR4 engagement triggers CD47 internalization and antitumor immunization in a mouse model of mesothelioma. EMBO Mol Med. 2021;13(6): e12344. https://doi.org/10.15252/emmm.202012344.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

42.

Venturini M, Mezzapelle R, La Marca S, et al. Use of an antagonist of HMGB1 in mice affected by malignant mesothelioma: a preliminary ultrasound and optical imaging study. Eur Radiol Exp. 2022;6(1):7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41747-021-00260-y.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

43.

Goparaju CM, Blasberg JD, Volinia S, et al. Onconase mediated NFKbeta downregulation in malignant pleural mesothelioma. Oncogene. 2011;30(24):2767–77. https://doi.org/10.1038/onc.2010.643.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

44.

Nasu M, Carbone M, Gaudino G, et al. Ranpirnase interferes with NF-kappaB pathway and MMP9 activity, inhibiting malignant mesothelioma cell invasiveness and xenograft growth. Genes Cancer. 2011;2(5):576–84. https://doi.org/10.1177/1947601911412375.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

45.

Kroczynska B, Cutrone R, Bocchetta M, et al. Crocidolite asbestos and SV40 are cocarcinogens in human mesothelial cells and in causing mesothelioma in hamsters. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2006;103(38):14128–33. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0604544103.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

46.

Carbone M, Rizzo P, Pass H. Simian virus 40: the link with human malignant mesothelioma is well established. Anticancer Res. 2000;20(2A):875–7.PubMed

47.

Carbone M, Gazdar A, Butel JS. SV40 and human mesothelioma. Transl Lung Cancer Res. 2020;9(Suppl 1):47-S59. https://doi.org/10.21037/tlcr.2020.02.03.CrossRef

48.

Carbone M, Emri S, Dogan AU, et al. A Mesothelioma epidemic in Cappadocia: scientific developments and unexpected social outcomes. Nat Rev Cancer. 2007;7(2):147–54. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrc2068.CrossRefPubMed

49.

Testa JR, Cheung M, Pei J, et al. Germline BAP1 mutations predispose to malignant mesothelioma. Nat Genet. 2011;43(10):1022–5. https://doi.org/10.1038/ng.912.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

50.

Carbone M, Ferris LK, Baumann F, et al. BAP1 cancer syndrome: malignant mesothelioma, uveal and cutaneous melanoma, and MBAITs. J Transl. 2012;10: 179. https://doi.org/10.1186/1479-5876-10-179.CrossRef

51.

Lobb R. Michele Carbone: gene hunter of Hawai’i. American Association for Cancer Research. https://lnkd.in/d-dvZTde. Accessed 1 May 2023.

52.

Carbone M, Harbour JW, Brugarolas J, et al. Biological mechanisms and clinical significance of BAP1 mutations in human cancer. Cancer Discov. 2020;10(8):1103–20. https://doi.org/10.1158/2159-8290.CD-19-1220.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

53.

Walpole S, Pritchard AL, Cebulla CM, et al. Comprehensive study of the clinical phenotype of germline BAP1 variant-carrying families worldwide. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2018;110(12):1328–41. https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djy171.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

54.

Carbone M, Yang H, Pass HI, Krausz T, Testa JR, Gaudino G. BAP1 and cancer. Nat Rev Cancer. 2013;13(3):153–9. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrc3459.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

55.

Bononi A, Giorgi C, Patergnani S, et al. BAP1 regulates IP3R3-mediated Ca(2+) flux to mitochondria suppressing cell transformation. Nature. 2017;546(7659):549–53. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature22798.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

56.

Bononi A, Yang H, Giorgi C, et al. Germline BAP1 mutations induce a Warburg effect. Cell Death Differ. 2017;24(10):1694–704. https://doi.org/10.1038/cdd.2017.95.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

57.

Zhang Y, Zhuang L, Gan B. BAP1 suppresses tumor development by inducing ferroptosis upon SLC7A11 repression. Mol Cell Oncol. 2019;6(1): 1536845. https://doi.org/10.1080/23723556.2018.1536845.CrossRefPubMed

58.

Luo Y, Akatsuka S, Motooka Y, et al. BRCA1 haploinsufficiency impairs iron metabolism to promote chrysotile-induced mesothelioma via ferroptosis resistance. Cancer Sci. 2023;114(4):1423–36. https://doi.org/10.1111/cas.15705.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

59.

Louw A, Panou V, Szejniuk WM, et al. BAP1 loss by immunohistochemistry predicts improved survival to first-line platinum and pemetrexed chemotherapy for patients with pleural mesothelioma: a validation study. J Thorac Oncol. 2022;17(7):921–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtho.2022.04.008.CrossRefPubMed

60.

Bononi A, Wang Q, Zolondick AA, et al. BAP1 is a novel regulator of HIF-1alpha. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2023;120(4): e2217840120. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2217840120.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

61.

Nasu M, Emi M, Pastorino S, et al. High incidence of somatic BAP1 alterations in sporadic malignant mesothelioma. J Thorac Oncol. 2015;10(4):565–76. https://doi.org/10.1097/JTO.0000000000000471.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

62.

Yoshikawa Y, Emi M, Hashimoto-Tamaoki T, et al. High-density array-CGH with targeted NGS unmask multiple noncontiguous minute deletions on chromosome 3p21 in mesothelioma. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2016;113(47):13432–7. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1612074113.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

63.

Guo G, Chmielecki J, Goparaju C, et al. Whole-exome sequencing reveals frequent genetic alterations in BAP1, NF2, CDKN2A, and CUL1 in malignant pleural mesothelioma. Cancer Res. 2015;75(2):264–9. https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-14-1008.CrossRefPubMed

64.

Nabeshima K, Hamasaki M, Kinoshita Y, Matsumoto S, Sa-Ngiamwibool P. Update of pathological diagnosis of pleural mesothelioma using genomic-based morphological techniques, for both histological and cytological investigations. Pathol Int. 2022;72(8):389–401. https://doi.org/10.1111/pin.13235.CrossRefPubMed

Title: Preventive and therapeutic opportunities: targeting BAP1 and/or HMGB1 pathways to diminish the burden of mesothelioma
Authors: Michele Carbone
Michael Minaai
Yasutaka Takinishi
Ian Pagano
Haining Yang
Publication date: 01-12-2023
Publisher: BioMed Central
Keyword: Mesothelioma
Published in: Journal of Translational Medicine / Issue 1/2023
Electronic ISSN: 1479-5876
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-023-04614-5

Live Webinar | 27-06-2024 | 18:00 (CEST)

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Reserve your place

Live: Thursday 27th June 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)

WHO estimates that half of all patients worldwide are non-adherent to their prescribed medication. The consequences of poor adherence can be catastrophic, on both the individual and population level.

Join our expert panel to discover why you need to understand the drivers of non-adherence in your patients, and how you can optimize medication adherence in your clinics to drastically improve patient outcomes.

Prof. Kevin Dolgin

Prof. Florian Limbourg

Prof. Anoop Chauhan

Developed by: Springer Medicine

Obesity Clinical Trial Summary

At a glance: The STEP trials

A round-up of the STEP phase 3 clinical trials evaluating semaglutide for weight loss in people with overweight or obesity.

Developed by: Springer Medicine

Highlights from the ACC 2024 Congress

Year in Review: Pediatric cardiology

Pediatric Cardiology Video

Watch Dr. Anne Marie Valente present the last year's highlights in pediatric and congenital heart disease in the official ACC.24 Year in Review session.

Year in Review: Pulmonary vascular disease

Cardiopulmonary Comorbidity Video

The last year's highlights in pulmonary vascular disease are presented by Dr. Jane Leopold in this official video from ACC.24.

Year in Review: Valvular heart disease

Valvular Heart Disease Video

Watch Prof. William Zoghbi present the last year's highlights in valvular heart disease from the official ACC.24 Year in Review session.

Year in Review: Heart failure and cardiomyopathies

Heart Failure Video

Watch this official video from ACC.24. Dr. Biykem Bozkurt discusses last year's major advances in heart failure and cardiomyopathies.

ACC 2024 Congress Coverage

Year in Review: Heart failure and cardiomyopathies

Heart Failure Video

Watch this official video from ACC.24. Dr. Biykem Bozkurt discusses last year's major advances in heart failure and cardiomyopathies.

Watch now

Semaglutide benefits people with type 2 diabetes and obesity-related heart failure

16-04-2024 Type 2 Diabetes News

Incentivised to exercise

11-04-2024 Lifestyle Modifications News

New intervention for STEMI-related cardiogenic shock

10-04-2024 Myocardial Infarction News

» View more highlights on the ACC 2024 congress hub page

Image Credits

Illustration of figure on mountain summit/© Orapun / Stock.adobe.com, STEP AAG HeroTeaserCollection image/© Tarek / Generated with AI / Stock.adobe.com, ACC 2024 Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease: Year in Review/© 2024 American College of Cardiology, ACC 2024 Pulmonary Vascular Disease: Year in Review/© 2024 American College of Cardiology, ACC 2024 Valvular Heart Disease: Year in Review/© 2024 American College of Cardiology, ACC 2024 HF and Cardiomyopathies: Year in Review/© 2024 American College of Cardiology, Woman out walking/© Seventyfour / stock.adobe.com (symbolic image with model), Woman checking smartwatch /© saltdium / stock.adobe.com (symbolic image with model), Cardiac catheterization/© Damian / stock.adobe.com

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 1/2023

Long-term outcomes of offspring from multiple gestations: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study on multi-system diseases using UK Biobank and FinnGen databases

Warburg effect enhanced by AKR1B10 promotes acquired resistance to pemetrexed in lung cancer-derived brain metastasis

Associations of types of grains and lifestyle with all-cause mortality among Chinese adults aged 65 years or older: a prospective cohort study

Targeting GBM with an Oncolytic Picornavirus SVV-001 alone and in combination with fractionated Radiation in a Novel Panel of Orthotopic PDX models

MicroRNA-125a-5p regulates the effect of Tregs on Th1 and Th17 through targeting ETS-1/STAT3 in psoriasis

A systematic review and meta-analysis of urinary biomarkers in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS)

Live: Thursday 27th June 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)

Highlights from the ACC 2024 Congress

ACC 2024 Congress Coverage