Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

LIVE: Thursday 27th June 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)
Join our expert panel to discover why you need to understand the drivers of non-adherence in your patients, and how you can optimize medication adherence in your clinics to drastically improve patient outcomes.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
Journal of Translational Medicine
Published in: Journal of Translational Medicine 1/2023

Open Access 01-12-2023 | Insulins | Review

The roles of dietary lipids and lipidomics in gut-brain axis in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Authors: Duygu Ağagündüz, Mehmet Arif Icer, Ozge Yesildemir, Tevfik Koçak, Emine Kocyigit, Raffaele Capasso

Published in: Journal of Translational Medicine | Issue 1/2023

Login to get access

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), one of the main types of Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), is a systemic inflammatory disease characterized by dysfunctional pancreatic β-cells and/or peripheral insulin resistance, resulting in impaired glucose and lipid metabolism. Genetic, metabolic, multiple lifestyle, and sociodemographic factors are known as related to high T2DM risk. Dietary lipids and lipid metabolism are significant metabolic modulators in T2DM and T2DM-related complications. Besides, accumulated evidence suggests that altered gut microbiota which plays an important role in the metabolic health of the host contributes significantly to T2DM involving impaired or improved glucose and lipid metabolism. At this point, dietary lipids may affect host physiology and health via interaction with the gut microbiota. Besides, increasing evidence in the literature suggests that lipidomics as novel parameters detected with holistic analytical techniques have important roles in the pathogenesis and progression of T2DM, through various mechanisms of action including gut-brain axis modulation. A better understanding of the roles of some nutrients and lipidomics in T2DM through gut microbiota interactions will help develop new strategies for the prevention and treatment of T2DM. However, this issue has not yet been entirely discussed in the literature. The present review provides up-to-date knowledge on the roles of dietary lipids and lipidomics in gut-brain axis in T2DM and some nutritional strategies in T2DM considering lipids- lipidomics and gut microbiota interactions are given.
Literature
1.
2.
Chatterjee S, Khunti K, Davies MJ. Type 2 diabetes. The Lancet. 2017;389(10085):2239–51.CrossRef
3.
Paulson KR, Kamath AM, Alam T, Bienhoff K, Abady GG, Abbas J, et al. Global, regional, and national progress towards Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 for neonatal and child health: all-cause and cause-specific mortality findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet. 2021;398(10303):870–905.CrossRef
4.
American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee. 2. Classification and diagnosis of diabetes: Standards of medical care in diabetes—2022. Diabetes Care. 2022;45:17–38.CrossRef
5.
6.
Galicia-Garcia U, Benito-Vicente A, Jebari S, Larrea-Sebal A, Siddiqi H, Uribe KB, et al. Pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Int J Mol Sci. 2020;21(17):6275.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
7.
Schellenberg ES, Dryden DM, Vandermeer B, Ha C, Korownyk C. Lifestyle interventions for patients with and at risk for type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Intern Med. 2013;159(8):543–51.PubMedCrossRef
8.
Chan JC, Lim L-L, Wareham NJ, Shaw JE, Orchard TJ, Zhang P, et al. The Lancet Commission on diabetes: using data to transform diabetes care and patient lives. Lancet. 2020;396(10267):2019–82.PubMedCrossRef
9.
Mahajan A, Taliun D, Thurner M, Robertson NR, Torres JM, Rayner NW, et al. Fine-mapping type 2 diabetes loci to single-variant resolution using high-density imputation and islet-specific epigenome maps. Nat Genet. 2018;50(11):1505–13.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
10.
Srinivasan S, Chen L, Todd J, Divers J, Gidding S, Chernausek S, ProDiGY Consortium, et al. The First Genome-Wide Association Study for Type 2 Diabetes in Youth The Progress in Diabetes Genetics in Youth (ProDiGY) Consortium. Diabetes. 2021;70(4):996–1005.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
11.
Athyros VG, Doumas M, Imprialos KP, Stavropoulos K, Georgianou E, Katsimardou A, et al. Diabetes and lipid metabolism. Hormones. 2018;17(1):61–7.PubMedCrossRef
12.
Ljubkovic M, Gressette M, Bulat C, Cavar M, Bakovic D, Fabijanic D, et al. Disturbed fatty acid oxidation, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and apoptosis in left ventricle of patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes. 2019;68(10):1924–33.PubMedCrossRef
13.
Eid S, Sas KM, Abcouwer SF, Feldman EL, Gardner TW, Pennathur S, et al. New insights into the mechanisms of diabetic complications: role of lipids and lipid metabolism. Diabetologia. 2019;62(9):1539–49.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
14.
Huynh K, Martins RN, Meikle PJ. Lipidomic profiles in diabetes and dementia. J Alzheimers Dis. 2017;59(2):433–44.PubMedCrossRef
15.
Wishart DS. Metabolomics for investigating physiological and pathophysiological processes. Physiol Rev. 2019;99(4):1819–75.PubMedCrossRef
16.
Postle AD. Lipidomics. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2012;15(2):127–33.PubMed
17.
Gonzalez-Covarrubias V. Lipidomics in longevity and healthy aging. Biogerontology. 2013;14(6):663–72.PubMedCrossRef
18.
Li J, Xie H, Li A, Cheng J, Yang K, Wang J, et al. Distinct plasma lipids profiles of recurrent ovarian cancer by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Oncotarget. 2017;8(29):46834.PubMedCrossRef
19.
Varma VR, Oommen AM, Varma S, Casanova R, An Y, Andrews RM, et al. Brain and blood metabolite signatures of pathology and progression in Alzheimer disease: a targeted metabolomics study. PLoS Med. 2018;15(1): e1002482.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
20.
Vvedenskaya O, Rose TD, Knittelfelder O, Palladini A, Wodke JAH, Schuhmann K, et al. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease stratification by liver lipidomics. J Lipid Res. 2021;62: 100104.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
21.
22.
Alshehry ZH, Mundra PA, Barlow CK, Mellett NA, Wong G, McConville MJ, et al. Plasma lipidomic profiles improve on traditional risk factors for the prediction of cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Circulation. 2016;134(21):1637–50.PubMedCrossRef
23.
Yun H, Sun L, Wu Q, Zong G, Qi Q, Li H, et al. Associations among circulating sphingolipids, β-cell function, and risk of developing type 2 diabetes: a population-based cohort study in China. PLoS Med. 2020;17(12): e1003451.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
24.
Lu J, Lam SM, Wan Q, Shi L, Huo Y, Chen L, et al. High-coverage targeted lipidomics reveals novel serum lipid predictors and lipid pathway dysregulation antecedent to type 2 diabetes onset in normoglycemic Chinese adults. Diabetes Care. 2019;42(11):2117–26.PubMedCrossRef
25.
Rhee EP, Cheng S, Larson MG, Walford GA, Lewis GD, McCabe E, et al. Lipid profiling identifies a triacylglycerol signature of insulin resistance and improves diabetes prediction in humans. J Clin Investig. 2011;121(4):1402–11.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
26.
Haus JM, Kashyap SR, Kasumov T, Zhang R, Kelly KR, DeFronzo RA, et al. Plasma ceramides are elevated in obese subjects with type 2 diabetes and correlate with the severity of insulin resistance. Diabetes. 2009;58(2):337–43.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
27.
Wang-Sattler R, Yu Z, Herder C, Messias AC, Floegel A, He Y, et al. Novel biomarkers for pre-diabetes identified by metabolomics. Mol Syst Biol. 2012;8(1):615.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
28.
Boon J, Hoy AJ, Stark R, Brown RD, Meex RC, Henstridge DC, et al. Ceramides contained in LDL are elevated in type 2 diabetes and promote inflammation and skeletal muscle insulin resistance. Diabetes. 2013;62(2):401–10.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
29.
Bartelt A, Koehne T, Tödter K, Reimer R, Müller B, Behler-Janbeck F, et al. Quantification of bone fatty acid metabolism and its regulation by adipocyte lipoprotein lipase. Int J Mol Sci. 2017;18(6):1264.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
30.
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Fats and fatty acids in human nutrition: report of an expert consultation. FAO Food Nutr Pap. 2010;91:1–166.
31.
Perona JS. Membrane lipid alterations in the metabolic syndrome and the role of dietary oils. Biochim Biophys Acta Biomembr. 2017;1859(9):1690–703.PubMedCrossRef
32.
Risérus U. Fatty acids and insulin sensitivity. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2008;11(2):100–5.PubMedCrossRef
33.
Small L, Brandon AE, Turner N, Cooney GJ. Modeling insulin resistance in rodents by alterations in diet: what have high-fat and high-calorie diets revealed? Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2018;314(3):251–65.CrossRef
34.
Sampath H, Ntambi JM. Polyunsaturated fatty acid regulation of genes of lipid metabolism. Annu Rev Nutr. 2005;25(1):317–40.PubMedCrossRef
35.
Bays HE, Tighe AP, Sadovsky R, Davidson MH. Prescription omega-3 fatty acids and their lipid effects: physiologic mechanisms of action and clinical implications. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther. 2008;6(3):391–409.PubMedCrossRef
36.
Vannice G, Rasmussen H. Position of the academy of nutrition and dietetics: dietary fatty acids for healthy adults. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2014;114(1):136–53.PubMedCrossRef
37.
Clarke SD, Jump DΒ. Regulation of hepatic gene expression by dietary fats: a unique role for polyunsaturated fatty acids. Nutrition and gene expression: CRC Press; 2018. p. 227–46.
38.
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Fats and fatty acids in human nutrition: report of an expert consultation. FAO Food and Nutrition Paper. 2008.
39.
Mancini A, Imperlini E, Nigro E, Montagnese C, Daniele A, Orrù S, et al. Biological and nutritional properties of palm oil and palmitic acid: effects on health. Molecules. 2015;20(9):17339–61.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
40.
Risérus U, Willett WC, Hu FB. Dietary fats and prevention of type 2 diabetes. Prog Lipid Res. 2009;48(1):44–51.PubMedCrossRef
41.
Siemelink M, Verhoef A, Dormans J, Span P, Piersma A. Dietary fatty acid composition during pregnancy and lactation in the rat programs growth and glucose metabolism in the offspring. Diabetologia. 2002;45(10):1397–403.PubMedCrossRef
42.
43.
Meli R, Mattace Raso G, Irace C, Simeoli R, Di Pascale A, Paciello O, et al. High fat diet induces liver steatosis and early dysregulation of iron metabolism in rats. PLoS ONE. 2013;8(6):66570.CrossRef
44.
Muoio DM, Newgard CB. Fatty acid oxidation and insulin action: when less is more. Diabetes. 2008;57(6):1455–6.PubMedCrossRef
45.
Prasad M, Rajagopal P, Devarajan N, Veeraraghavan VP, Palanisamy CP, Cui B, et al. A comprehensive review on high fat diet-induced diabetes mellitus: an epigenetic view. J Nutr Biochem. 2022;107:109037.PubMedCrossRef
46.
Micha R, Mozaffarian D. Saturated fat and cardiometabolic risk factors, coronary heart disease, stroke, and diabetes: a fresh look at the evidence. Lipids. 2010;45(10):893–905.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
47.
Julibert A, Bibiloni MdM, Bouzas C, Martínez-González MÁ, Salas-Salvadó J, Corella D, et al. Total and subtypes of dietary fat intake and its association with components of the metabolic syndrome in a mediterranean population at high cardiovascular risk. Nutrients. 2019;11(7):1493.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
48.
49.
Yubero-Serrano EM, Delgado-Lista J, Tierney AC, Perez-Martinez P, Garcia-Rios A, Alcala-Diaz JF, et al. Insulin resistance determines a differential response to changes in dietary fat modification on metabolic syndrome risk factors: the LIPGENE study. Am J Clin Nutr. 2015;102(6):1509–17.PubMedCrossRef
50.
Imamura F, Micha R, Wu JH, de Oliveira Otto MC, Otite FO, Abioye AI, et al. Effects of saturated fat, polyunsaturated fat, monounsaturated fat, and carbohydrate on glucose-insulin homeostasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled feeding trials. PLoS Med. 2016;13(7): e1002087.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
51.
Gaeini Z, Bahadoran Z, Mirmiran P. Saturated fatty acid intake and risk of type 2 diabetes: an updated systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of cohort studies. Adv Nutr. 2022;13(6):2125–35.PubMedCrossRef
52.
Liu S, van der Schouw YT, Soedamah-Muthu SS, Spijkerman AM, Sluijs I. Intake of dietary saturated fatty acids and risk of type 2 diabetes in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Netherlands cohort: associations by types, sources of fatty acids and substitution by macronutrients. Eur J Nutr. 2019;58(3):1125–36.PubMedCrossRef
53.
Morio B, Fardet A, Legrand P, Lecerf J-M. Involvement of dietary saturated fats, from all sources or of dairy origin only, in insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Nutr Rev. 2016;74(1):33–47.PubMedCrossRef
54.
EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products N, Allergies. Scientific opinion on dietary reference values for fats, including saturated fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, trans fatty acids, and cholesterol. EFSA J. 2010;8(3):1461.
55.
Islam MA, Amin MN, Siddiqui SA, Hossain MP, Sultana F, Kabir MR. Trans fatty acids and lipid profile: a serious risk factor to cardiovascular disease, cancer and diabetes. Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2019;13(2):1643–7.PubMedCrossRef
56.
Pipoyan D, Stepanyan S, Stepanyan S, Beglaryan M, Costantini L, Molinari R, et al. The effect of trans fatty acids on human health: regulation and consumption patterns. Foods. 2021;10(10):2452.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
57.
Dorfman SE, Laurent D, Gounarides JS, Li X, Mullarkey TL, Rocheford EC, et al. Metabolic implications of dietary trans-fatty acids. Obesity. 2009;17(6):1200–7.PubMedCrossRef
58.
Menaa F, Menaa A, Menaa B, Tréton J. Trans-fatty acids, dangerous bonds for health? A background review paper of their use, consumption, health implications and regulation in France. Eur J Nutr. 2013;52(4):1289–302.PubMedCrossRef
59.
Lopez S, Bermudez B, Ortega A, Varela LM, Pacheco YM, Villar J, et al. Effects of meals rich in either monounsaturated or saturated fat on lipid concentrations and on insulin secretion and action in subjects with high fasting triglyceride concentrations. Am J Clin Nutr. 2011;93(3):494–9.PubMedCrossRef
60.
Bhaswant M, Poudyal H, Brown L. Mechanisms of enhanced insulin secretion and sensitivity with n-3 unsaturated fatty acids. J Nutr Biochem. 2015;26(6):571–84.PubMedCrossRef
61.
Tierney AC, Roche HM. The potential role of olive oil-derived MUFA in insulin sensitivity. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2007;51(10):1235–48.PubMedCrossRef
62.
Bulotta S, Celano M, Lepore SM, Montalcini T, Pujia A, Russo D. Beneficial effects of the olive oil phenolic components oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol: focus on protection against cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. J Transl Med. 2014;12(1):1–9.CrossRef
63.
64.
Andersson-Hall U, Carlsson N-G, Sandberg A-S, Holmäng A. Circulating linoleic acid is associated with improved glucose tolerance in women after gestational diabetes. Nutrients. 2018;10(11):1629.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
65.
66.
Shetty SS, Kumari NS, Varadarajan R. The ratio of omega-6/omega-3 fatty acid: implications and application as a marker to diabetes. Biomarkers Diabetes. 2023;2023:449.CrossRef
67.
68.
Simopoulos AP. The impact of the Bellagio report on healthy agriculture, healthy nutrition, healthy people: scientific and policy aspects and the international network of centers for genetics, nutrition and fitness for health. Lifestyle Genomics. 2014;7(4–6):191–211.CrossRef
69.
Simopoulos AP. Omega-6/omega-3 essential fatty acids: biological effects. World Rev Nutr Diet. 2009;99(1):1–16.PubMed
70.
Shetty SS, Shetty PK. ω-6/ω-3 fatty acid ratio as an essential predictive biomarker in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Nutrition. 2020;79: 110968.PubMedCrossRef
71.
Wu Y, Ding Y, Tanaka Y, Zhang W. Risk factors contributing to type 2 diabetes and recent advances in the treatment and prevention. Int J Med Sci. 2014;11(11):1185.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
72.
Day EA, Ford RJ, Steinberg GR. AMPK as a therapeutic target for treating metabolic diseases. Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2017;28(8):545–60.PubMedCrossRef
73.
Pérez-Matute P, Pérez-Echarri N, Martínez JA, Marti A, Moreno-Aliaga MJ. Eicosapentaenoic acid actions on adiposity and insulin resistance in control and high-fat-fed rats: role of apoptosis, adiponectin and tumour necrosis factor-α. Br J Nutr. 2007;97(2):389–98.PubMedCrossRef
74.
Vessby B, Ahrén B, Warensjö E, Lindgärde F. Plasma lipid fatty acid composition, desaturase activities and insulin sensitivity in Amerindian women. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2012;22(3):176–81.PubMedCrossRef
75.
Talukdar S, Bae EJ, Imamura T, Morinaga H, Fan W, Li P, et al. GPR120 is an omega-3 fatty acid receptor mediating potent anti-inflammatory and insulin-sensitizing effects. Cell. 2010;142(5):687–98.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
76.
Sarbolouki S, Javanbakht MH, Derakhshanian H, Hosseinzadeh P, Zareei M, Hashemi SB, et al. Eicosapentaenoic acid improves insulin sensitivity and blood sugar in overweight type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: a double-blind randomised clinical trial. Singapore Med J. 2013;54(7):387–90.PubMedCrossRef
77.
Zheng JS, Lin M, Fang L, Yu Y, Yuan L, Jin Y, et al. Effects of n-3 fatty acid supplements on glycemic traits in Chinese type 2 diabetic patients: a double-blind randomized controlled trial. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2016;60(10):2176–84.PubMedCrossRef
78.
Pooya S, Jalali MD, Jazayery AD, Saedisomeolia A, Eshraghian MR, Toorang F. The efficacy of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on plasma homocysteine and malondialdehyde levels of type 2 diabetic patients. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2010;20(5):326–31.PubMedCrossRef
79.
Rylander C, Sandanger TM, Engeset D, Lund E. Consumption of lean fish reduces the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a prospective population based cohort study of Norwegian women. PLoS ONE. 2014;9(2): e89845.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
80.
Tørris C, Molin M, Småstuen MC. Lean fish consumption is associated with beneficial changes in the metabolic syndrome components: a 13-year follow-up study from the Norwegian Tromsø study. Nutrients. 2017;9(3):247.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
81.
Øyen J, Madsen L, Brantsæter AL, Skurtveit SO, Egeland GM. Lean fish intake decreases the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Norwegian Women (P18–036–19). Curr Dev Nutr. 2019;3:nzz039. P18-6-19.CrossRef
82.
Liaset B, Øyen J, Jacques H, Kristiansen K, Madsen L. Seafood intake and the development of obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Nutr Res Rev. 2019;32(1):146–67.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
83.
Yary T, Voutilainen S, Tuomainen T-P, Ruusunen A, Nurmi T, Virtanen JK. Serum n–6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, Δ 5-and Δ 6-desaturase activities, and risk of incident type 2 diabetes in men: the Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study. Am J Clin Nutr. 2016;103(5):1337–43.PubMedCrossRef
84.
Mansouri V, Javanmard SH, Mahdavi M, Tajedini MH. Association of polymorphism in fatty acid desaturase gene with the risk of Type 2 diabetes in iranian population. Adv Biomed Res. 2018;7:98.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
85.
Wang X, Chan CB. n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and insulin secretion. J Endocrinol. 2015;224(3):97–106.CrossRef
86.
Wang F, Wang Y, Zhu Y, Liu X, Xia H, Yang X, et al. Treatment for 6 months with fish oil-derived n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids has neutral effects on glycemic control but improves dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetic patients with abdominal obesity: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Eur J Nutr. 2017;56(7):2415–22.PubMedCrossRef
87.
Balfegó M, Canivell S, Hanzu FA, Sala-Vila A, Martínez-Medina M, Murillo S, et al. Effects of sardine-enriched diet on metabolic control, inflammation and gut microbiota in drug-naïve patients with type 2 diabetes: a pilot randomized trial. Lipids Health Dis. 2016;15(1):1–11.CrossRef
88.
Crochemore ICC, Souza AF, de Souza AC, Rosado EL. ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation does not influence body composition, insulin resistance, and lipemia in women with type 2 diabetes and obesity. Nutr Clin Pract. 2012;27(4):553–60.PubMedCrossRef
89.
Wu JH, Marklund M, Imamura F, Tintle N, Korat AVA, De Goede J, et al. Omega-6 fatty acid biomarkers and incident type 2 diabetes: pooled analysis of individual-level data for 39 740 adults from 20 prospective cohort studies. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2017;5(12):965–74.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
90.
Forouhi NG, Imamura F, Sharp SJ, Koulman A, Schulze MB, Zheng J, et al. Association of plasma phospholipid n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids with type 2 diabetes: the EPIC-InterAct case-cohort study. PLoS Med. 2016;13(7):1002094.CrossRef
91.
Weir NL, Nomura SO, Steffen BT, Guan W, Karger AB, Klein R, et al. Associations between omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, hyperinsulinemia and incident diabetes by race/ethnicity: the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis. Clin Nutr. 2020;39(10):3031–41.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
92.
Vessby B, Uusitupa M, Hermansen K, Riccardi G, Rivellese AA, Tapsell LC, et al. Substituting dietary saturated for monounsaturated fat impairs insulin sensitivity in healthy men and women: the KANWU study. Diabetologia. 2001;44(3):312–9.PubMedCrossRef
93.
Jebb SA, Lovegrove JA, Griffin BA, Frost GS, Moore CS, Chatfield MD, Bluck LJ, Williams CM, Sanders TA, RISCK Study Group. Effect of changing the amount and type of fat and carbohydrate on insulin sensitivity and cardiovascular risk: the RISCK (Reading, Imperial, Surrey, Cambridge, and Kings) trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2010;92(4):748–58.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
94.
Tierney AC, McMonagle J, Shaw D, Gulseth H, Helal O, Saris W, et al. Effects of dietary fat modification on insulin sensitivity and on other risk factors of the metabolic syndrome—LIPGENE: a European randomized dietary intervention study. Int J Obes. 2011;35(6):800–9.CrossRef
95.
Bjermo H, Iggman D, Kullberg J, Dahlman I, Johansson L, Persson L, et al. Effects of n-6 PUFAs compared with SFAs on liver fat, lipoproteins, and inflammation in abdominal obesity: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2012;95(5):1003–12.PubMedCrossRef
96.
Rosqvist F, Iggman D, Kullberg J, Cedernaes J, Johansson H-E, Larsson A, et al. Overfeeding polyunsaturated and saturated fat causes distinct effects on liver and visceral fat accumulation in humans. Diabetes. 2014;63(7):2356–68.PubMedCrossRef
97.
98.
Dalfrà MG, Burlina S, Del Vescovo GG, Lapolla A. Genetics and epigenetics: new insight on gestational diabetes mellitus. Front Endocrinol. 2020;11: 602477.CrossRef
99.
100.
Burgos-Morón E, Abad-Jiménez Z, Martínez de Marañón A, Iannantuoni F, Escribano-López I, López-Domènech S, et al. Relationship between oxidative stress, ER stress, and inflammation in type 2 diabetes: the battle continues. J Clin Med. 2019;8(9):1385.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
101.
102.
Birkenfeld AL, Shulman GI. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, hepatic insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes. Hepatology. 2014;59(2):713–23.PubMedCrossRef
103.
104.
Jovandaric MZ, Milenkovic SJ. 2020. Significance of lipid and lipoprotein in organism. Apolipoproteins, Triglycerides and Cholesterol: IntechOpen.
105.
Lairon D. Digestion and absorption of lipids. Designing functional foods: Elsevier; 2009. p. 68–93.
106.
Amara S, Bourlieu C, Humbert L, Rainteau D, Carrière F. Variations in gastrointestinal lipases, pH and bile acid levels with food intake, age and diseases: Possible impact on oral lipid-based drug delivery systems. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2019;142:3–15.PubMedCrossRef
107.
Hornbuckle WE, Tennant BC. Gastrointestinal function. Clinical biochemistry of domestic animals: Elsevier; 1997. p. 367–406.
108.
109.
Kindel T, Lee DM, Tso P. The mechanism of the formation and secretion of chylomicrons. Atheroscler Suppl. 2010;11(1):11–6.PubMedCrossRef
110.
111.
Goldberg IJ, Eckel RH, Abumrad NA. Regulation of fatty acid uptake into tissues: lipoprotein lipase-and CD36-mediated pathways. J Lipid Res. 2009;50:86–90.CrossRef
112.
Morita S-y. Metabolism and modification of apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins involved in dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis. Biol Pharm Bull. 2016;39(1):1–24.PubMedCrossRef
113.
Roslan Z, Muhamad M, Selvaratnam L, Ab-Rahim S. The roles of low-density lipoprotein receptor-related proteins 5, 6, and 8 in cancer: a review. J Oncol. 2019;2019:4536302.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
114.
Haas ME, Attie AD, Biddinger SB. The regulation of ApoB metabolism by insulin. Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2013;24(8):391–7.PubMedCrossRef
115.
Au DT, Strickland DK, Muratoglu SC. The LDL receptor-related protein 1: at the crossroads of lipoprotein metabolism and insulin signaling. J Diabetes Res. 2017;2017:8356537.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
116.
Kamagate A, Dong HH. FoxO1 integrates insulin signaling to VLDL production. Cell Cycle. 2008;7(20):3162–70.PubMedCrossRef
117.
Allister EM, Borradaile NM, Edwards JY, Huff MW. Inhibition of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein expression and apolipoprotein B100 secretion by the citrus flavonoid naringenin and by insulin involves activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in hepatocytes. Diabetes. 2005;54(6):1676–83.PubMedCrossRef
118.
119.
Chan DC, Watts GF, Nguyen MN, Barrett PHR. Factorial study of the effect of n–3 fatty acid supplementation and atorvastatin on the kinetics of HDL apolipoproteins AI and A-II in men with abdominal obesity. Am J Clin Nutr. 2006;84(1):37–43.PubMedCrossRef
120.
Bonizzi A, Piuri G, Corsi F, Cazzola R, Mazzucchelli S. HDL dysfunctionality: clinical relevance of quality rather than quantity. Biomedicines. 2021;9(7):729.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
121.
Chapman MJ, Le Goff W, Guerin M, Kontush A. Cholesteryl ester transfer protein: at the heart of the action of lipid-modulating therapy with statins, fibrates, niacin, and cholesteryl ester transfer protein inhibitors. Eur Heart J. 2010;31(2):149–64.PubMedCrossRef
122.
Fossati P, Romon-Rousseaux M. Insulin and HDL-cholesterol metabolism. Diabete Metabolisme. 1987;13(3 Pt 2):390–4.PubMed
123.
124.
Samuel VT, Shulman GI. The pathogenesis of insulin resistance: integrating signaling pathways and substrate flux. J Clin Investig. 2016;126(1):12–22.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
125.
126.
Visser J, van Zwol W, Kuivenhoven JA. Managing of dyslipidaemia characterized by accumulation of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. Current Atheroscler Rep. 2022;24:1–12.CrossRef
127.
Nogueira J-P, Maraninchi M, Béliard S, Padilla N, Duvillard L, Mancini J, et al. Absence of acute inhibitory effect of insulin on chylomicron production in type 2 diabetes. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2012;32(4):1039–44.PubMedCrossRef
128.
Hong D-Y, Lee D-H, Lee J-Y, Lee E-C, Park S-W, Lee M-R, et al. Relationship between brain metabolic disorders and cognitive impairment: LDL receptor defect. Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23(15):8384.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
129.
Hsieh J, Hayashi AA, Webb J, Adeli K. Postprandial dyslipidemia in insulin resistance: mechanisms and role of intestinal insulin sensitivity. Atheroscler Suppl. 2008;9(2):7–13.PubMedCrossRef
130.
Xiao C, Lewis GF. Regulation of chylomicron production in humans. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids. 2012;1821(5):736–46.CrossRef
131.
132.
Verges B. Lipid modification in type 2 diabetes: the role of LDL and HDL. Fundam Clin Pharmacol. 2009;23(6):681–5.PubMedCrossRef
133.
Duvillard L, Florentin E, Lizard G, Petit J-M, Galland F, Monier S, et al. Cell surface expression of LDL receptor is decreased in type 2 diabetic patients and is normalized by insulin therapy. Diabetes Care. 2003;26(5):1540–4.PubMedCrossRef
134.
135.
Kolliniati O, Ieronymaki E, Vergadi E, Tsatsanis C. Metabolic regulation of macrophage activation. J Innate Immun. 2022;14(1):48–64.CrossRef
136.
Püschel GP, Klauder J, Henkel J. Macrophages, low-grade inflammation, insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia: a mutual ambiguous relationship in the development of metabolic diseases. J Clin Med. 2022;11(15):4358.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
137.
Su D, Coudriet GM, Hyun Kim D, Lu Y, Perdomo G, Qu S, et al. FoxO1 links insulin resistance to proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β production in macrophages. Diabetes. 2009;58(11):2624–33.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
138.
Bonilha I, Hajduch E, Luchiari B, Nadruz W, Le Goff W, Sposito AC. The reciprocal relationship between LDL metabolism and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Metabolites. 2021;11(12):807.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
139.
140.
Prieur X, Rőszer T, Ricote M. Lipotoxicity in macrophages: evidence from diseases associated with the metabolic syndrome. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids. 2010;1801(3):327–37.CrossRef
141.
Lombardo YB, Chicco AG. Effects of dietary polyunsaturated n-3 fatty acids on dyslipidemia and insulin resistance in rodents and humans. A review. J Nutr Biochem. 2006;17(1):1–13.PubMedCrossRef
142.
Ooi EM, Watts GF, Ng TW, Barrett PHR. Effect of dietary fatty acids on human lipoprotein metabolism: a comprehensive update. Nutrients. 2015;7(6):4416–25.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
143.
Wong AT, Chan DC, Barrett PHR, Adams LA, Watts GF. Effect of ω-3 fatty acid ethyl esters on apolipoprotein B-48 kinetics in obese subjects on a weight-loss diet: a new tracer kinetic study in the postprandial state. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2014;99(8):1427–35.CrossRef
144.
Wang J-f, Zhang H-m, Li Y-y, Xia S, Wei Y, Yang L, et al. A combination of omega-3 and plant sterols regulate glucose and lipid metabolism in individuals with impaired glucose regulation: a randomized and controlled clinical trial. Lipids Health Dis. 2019;18(1):1–9.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
145.
146.
Stupin M, Kibel A, Stupin A, Selthofer-Relatić K, Matić A, Mihalj M, et al. The physiological effect of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) intake and exercise on hemorheology, microvascular function, and physical performance in health and cardiovascular diseases; Is there an interaction of exercise and dietary n-3 PUFA intake? Front Physiol. 2019;10:1129.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
147.
Cisa-Wieczorek S, Hernández-Alvarez MI. Deregulation of lipid homeostasis: a Fa (c) t in the development of metabolic diseases. Cells. 2020;9(12):2605.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
148.
Devkota S, Wang Y, Musch MW, Leone V, Fehlner-Peach H, Nadimpalli A, et al. Dietary-fat-induced taurocholic acid promotes pathobiont expansion and colitis in Il10−/− mice. Nature. 2012;487(7405):104–8.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
149.
Fritzen AM, Lundsgaard A-M, Kiens B. Tuning fatty acid oxidation in skeletal muscle with dietary fat and exercise. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2020;16(12):683–96.PubMedCrossRef
150.
Briaud I, Kelpe CL, Johnson LM, Tran POT, Poitout V. Differential effects of hyperlipidemia on insulin secretion in islets of langerhans from hyperglycemic versus normoglycemic rats. Diabetes. 2002;51(3):662–8.PubMedCrossRef
151.
152.
Li M, Chi X, Wang Y, Setrerrahmane S, Xie W, Xu H. Trends in insulin resistance: insights into mechanisms and therapeutic strategy. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2022;7(1):1–25.PubMedPubMedCentral
153.
Lee C-Y, Lee C-H, Tsai S, Huang C-T, Wu M-T, Tai S-Y, et al. Association between serum leptin and adiponectin levels with risk of insulin resistance and impaired glucose tolerance in non-diabetic women. Kaohsiung J Med Sci. 2009;25(3):116–25.PubMedCrossRef
154.
Abdel-Moneim A, Abd El-Twab SM, Yousef AI, Reheim ESA, Ashour MB. Modulation of hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia in experimental type 2 diabetes by gallic acid and p-coumaric acid: The role of adipocytokines and PPARγ. Biomed Pharmacother. 2018;105:1091–7.PubMedCrossRef
155.
156.
Lago F, Gómez R, Gómez-Reino JJ, Dieguez C, Gualillo O. Adipokines as novel modulators of lipid metabolism. Trends Biochem Sci. 2009;34(10):500–10.PubMedCrossRef
157.
158.
Bjornstad P, Eckel RH. Pathogenesis of lipid disorders in insulin resistance: a brief review. Curr DiabRep. 2018;18(12):1–8.
159.
Blüher M. Importance of adipokines in glucose homeostasis. Diabetes Management. 2013;3(5):389.CrossRef
160.
Jiang S, Young JL, Wang K, Qian Y, Cai L. Diabetic-induced alterations in hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism: the role of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Mol Med Rep. 2020;22(2):603–11.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
161.
Hyötyläinen T, Bondia-Pons I, Orešič M. Lipidomics in nutrition and food research. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2013;57(8):1306–18.PubMedCrossRef
162.
Moffa S, Mezza T, Cefalo C, Cinti F, Impronta F, Sorice GP, et al. The interplay between immune system and microbiota in diabetes. Mediators Inflamm. 2019;2019:10.CrossRef
163.
Bocanegra A, Macho-González A, Garcimartín A, Benedí J, Sánchez-Muniz FJ. Whole alga, algal extracts, and compounds as ingredients of functional foods: composition and action mechanism relationships in the prevention and treatment of type-2 diabetes mellitus. Int J Mol Sci. 2021;22(8):3816.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
164.
Chung H-J, Sim J-H, Min T-S, Choi H-K. Metabolomics and lipidomics approaches in the science of probiotics: a review. J Med Food. 2018;21(11):1086–95.PubMedCrossRef
165.
Shetty SS, Kumari S. Fatty acids and their role in type-2 diabetes. Exp Ther Med. 2021;22(1):1–6.CrossRef
166.
167.
Bessac A, Cani PD, Meunier E, Dietrich G, Knauf C. Inflammation and gut-brain axis during type 2 diabetes: focus on the crosstalk between intestinal immune cells and enteric nervous system. Front Neurosci. 2018;12:725.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
168.
169.
Richards P, Thornberry NA, Pinto S. The gut–brain axis: Identifying new therapeutic approaches for type 2 diabetes, obesity, and related disorders. Mol Metab. 2021;46: 101175.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
170.
Rastelli M, Knauf C, Cani PD. Gut microbes and health: a focus on the mechanisms linking microbes, obesity, and related disorders. Obesity. 2018;26(5):792–800.PubMedCrossRef
171.
Migrenne S, Marsollier N, Cruciani-Guglielmacci C, Magnan C. Importance of the gut–brain axis in the control of glucose homeostasis. Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2006;6(6):592–7.PubMedCrossRef
172.
Lew KN, Starkweather A, Cong X, Judge M. A Mechanistic model of gut-brain axis perturbation and high-fat diet pathways to gut microbiome homeostatic disruption, systemic inflammation, and type 2 diabetes. Biol Res Nurs. 2019;21(4):384–99.PubMedCrossRef
173.
Ussar S, Fujisaka S, Kahn CR. Interactions between host genetics and gut microbiome in diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Mol Metab. 2016;5(9):795–803.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
174.
Bäckhed F, Ding H, Wang T, Hooper LV, Koh GY, Nagy A, et al. The gut microbiota as an environmental factor that regulates fat storage. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 2004;101(44):15718–23.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
175.
Cani PD, Knauf C, Iglesias MA, Drucker DJ, Delzenne NM, Burcelin R. Improvement of glucose tolerance and hepatic insulin sensitivity by oligofructose requires a functional glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor. Diabetes. 2006;55(5):1484–90.PubMedCrossRef
176.
Utzschneider KM, Kratz M, Damman CJ, Hullarg M. Mechanisms linking the gut microbiome and glucose metabolism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2016;101(4):1445–54.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
177.
Salazar J, Angarita L, Morillo V, Navarro C, Martínez MS, Chacín M, et al. Microbiota and diabetes mellitus: role of lipid mediators. Nutrients. 2020;12(10):3039.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
178.
Grasset E, Puel A, Charpentier J, Collet X, Christensen JE, Tercé F, et al. A specific gut microbiota dysbiosis of type 2 diabetic mice induces GLP-1 resistance through an enteric NO-dependent and gut-brain axis mechanism. Cell Metab. 2017;25(5):1075-90 e5.PubMedCrossRef
179.
Vrieze A, Van Nood E, Holleman F, Salojärvi J, Kootte RS, Bartelsman JF, et al. Transfer of intestinal microbiota from lean donors increases insulin sensitivity in individuals with metabolic syndrome. Gastroenterology. 2012;143(4):913-6 e7.PubMedCrossRef
180.
Cani PD, Bibiloni R, Knauf C, Waget A, Neyrinck AM, Delzenne NM, et al. Changes in gut microbiota control metabolic endotoxemia-induced inflammation in high-fat diet–induced obesity and diabetes in mice. Diabetes. 2008;57(6):1470–81.PubMedCrossRef
181.
Tsiantas K, Konteles SJ, Kritsi E, Sinanoglou VJ, Tsiaka T, Zoumpoulakis P. Effects of non-polar dietary and endogenous lipids on gut microbiota alterations: the role of lipidomics. Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23(8):4070.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
182.
Singh RK, Chang H-W, Yan D, Lee KM, Ucmak D, Wong K, et al. Influence of diet on the gut microbiome and implications for human health. J Transl Med. 2017;15(1):1–17.CrossRef
183.
Cani PD, Osto M, Geurts L, Everard A. Involvement of gut microbiota in the development of low-grade inflammation and type 2 diabetes associated with obesity. Gut Microbes. 2012;3(4):279–88.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
184.
Cândido FG, Valente FX, Grześkowiak ŁM, Moreira APB, Rocha DMUP, Alfenas RdCG. Impact of dietary fat on gut microbiota and low-grade systemic inflammation: mechanisms and clinical implications on obesity. Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2018;69(2):125–43.PubMedCrossRef
185.
Mitchell CM, Davy BM, Halliday TM, Hulver MW, Neilson AP, Ponder MA, et al. The effect of prebiotic supplementation with inulin on cardiometabolic health: rationale, design, and methods of a controlled feeding efficacy trial in adults at risk of type 2 diabetes. Contemp Clin Trials. 2015;45:328–37.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
186.
Maciejewska D, Skonieczna-Zydecka K, Lukomska A, Gutowska I, Dec K, Kupnicka P, et al. The short chain fatty acids and lipopolysaccharides status in Sprague-Dawley rats fed with high-fat and high-cholesterol diet. J Physiol Pharmacol. 2018;69(2):6.
187.
Pearce S, Mani V, Weber T, Rhoads R, Patience J, Baumgard L, et al. Heat stress and reduced plane of nutrition decreases intestinal integrity and function in pigs. J Anim Sci. 2013;91(11):5183–93.PubMedCrossRef
188.
Cani PD, Amar J, Iglesias MA, Poggi M, Knauf C, Bastelica D, et al. Metabolic endotoxemia initiates obesity and insulin resistance. Diabetes. 2007;56(7):1761–72.PubMedCrossRef
189.
Everard A, Belzer C, Geurts L, Ouwerkerk JP, Druart C, Bindels LB, et al. Cross-talk between Akkermansia muciniphila and intestinal epithelium controls diet-induced obesity. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 2013;110(22):9066–71.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
190.
Ding S, Chi MM, Scull BP, Rigby R, Schwerbrock NM, Magness S, et al. High-fat diet: bacteria interactions promote intestinal inflammation which precedes and correlates with obesity and insulin resistance in mouse. PLoS ONE. 2010;5(8): e12191.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
191.
Kim K-A, Gu W, Lee I-A, Joh E-H, Kim D-H. High fat diet-induced gut microbiota exacerbates inflammation and obesity in mice via the TLR4 signaling pathway. PLoS ONE. 2012;7(10):47713.CrossRef
192.
Anderson AS, Haynie KR, McMillan RP, Osterberg KL, Boutagy NE, Frisard MI, et al. Early skeletal muscle adaptations to short-term high-fat diet in humans before changes in insulin sensitivity. Obesity. 2015;23(4):720–4.PubMedCrossRef
193.
Harte AL, Varma MC, Tripathi G, McGee KC, Al-Daghri NM, Al-Attas OS, et al. High fat intake leads to acute postprandial exposure to circulating endotoxin in type 2 diabetic subjects. Diabetes Care. 2012;35(2):375–82.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
194.
Ghanim H, Abuaysheh S, Sia CL, Korzeniewski K, Chaudhuri A, Fernandez-Real JM, et al. Increase in plasma endotoxin concentrations and the expression of Toll-like receptors and suppressor of cytokine signaling-3 in mononuclear cells after a high-fat, high-carbohydrate meal: implications for insulin resistance. Diabetes Care. 2009;32(12):2281–7.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
195.
Liang H, Hussey SE, Sanchez-Avila A, Tantiwong P, Musi N. Effect of lipopolysaccharide on inflammation and insulin action in human muscle. PLoS ONE. 2013;8(5):63983.CrossRef
196.
Dasu MR, Devaraj S, Park S, Jialal I. Increased toll-like receptor (TLR) activation and TLR ligands in recently diagnosed type 2 diabetic subjects. Diabetes Care. 2010;33(4):861–8.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
197.
Shi H, Kokoeva MV, Inouye K, Tzameli I, Yin H, Flier JS. TLR4 links innate immunity and fatty acid–induced insulin resistance. J Clin Investig. 2006;116(11):3015–25.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
198.
Tsukumo DM, Carvalho-Filho MA, Carvalheira JB, Prada PO, Hirabara SM, Schenka AA, et al. Loss-of-function mutation in Toll-like receptor 4 prevents diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance. Diabetes. 2007;56(8):1986–98.PubMedCrossRef
199.
Hulston CJ, Churnside AA, Venables MC. Probiotic supplementation prevents high-fat, overfeeding-induced insulin resistance in human subjects. Br J Nutr. 2015;113(4):596–602.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
200.
Foley KP, Denou E, Duggan BM, Chan R, Stearns JC, Schertzer JD. Long-term dysbiosis promotes insulin resistance during obesity despite rapid diet-induced changes in the gut microbiome of mice. BioRxiv. 2017;12:116095.
201.
de La Serre CB, Ellis CL, Lee J, Hartman AL, Rutledge JC, Raybould HE. Propensity to high-fat diet-induced obesity in rats is associated with changes in the gut microbiota and gut inflammation. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2010;299(2):G440–8.PubMedCrossRef
202.
Lam YY, Ha CW, Hoffmann JM, Oscarsson J, Dinudom A, Mather TJ, et al. Effects of dietary fat profile on gut permeability and microbiota and their relationships with metabolic changes in mice. Obesity. 2015;23(7):1429–39.PubMedCrossRef
203.
Caesar R, Tremaroli V, Kovatcheva-Datchary P, Cani PD, Bäckhed F. Crosstalk between gut microbiota and dietary lipids aggravates WAT inflammation through TLR signaling. Cell Metab. 2015;22(4):658–68.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
204.
Just S, Mondot S, Ecker J, Wegner K, Rath E, Gau L, et al. The gut microbiota drives the impact of bile acids and fat source in diet on mouse metabolism. Microbiome. 2018;6(1):1–18.CrossRef
205.
206.
Husson M-O, Ley D, Portal C, Gottrand M, Hueso T, Desseyn J-L, et al. Modulation of host defence against bacterial and viral infections by omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. J Infect. 2016;73(6):523–35.PubMedCrossRef
207.
Patterson E, O’Doherty RM, Murphy EF, Wall R, O’Sullivan O, Nilaweera K, et al. Impact of dietary fatty acids on metabolic activity and host intestinal microbiota composition in C57BL/6J mice. Br J Nutr. 2014;111(11):1905–17.PubMedCrossRef
208.
Machate DJ, Figueiredo PS, Marcelino G, Guimarães RdCA, Hiane PA, Bogo D, et al. Fatty acid diets: regulation of gut microbiota composition and obesity and its related metabolic dysbiosis. Int J Mol Sci. 2020;21(11):4093.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
209.
Wijekoon MP, Parrish CC, Mansour A. Effect of dietary substitution of fish oil with flaxseed or sunflower oil on muscle fatty acid composition in juvenile steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) reared at varying temperatures. Aquaculture. 2014;433:74–81.CrossRef
210.
Ochoa-Repáraz J, Kasper LH. The second brain: is the gut microbiota a link between obesity and central nervous system disorders? Curr Obes Rep. 2016;5(1):51–64.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
211.
Zhu L, Sha L, Li K, Wang Z, Wang T, Li Y, et al. Dietary flaxseed oil rich in omega-3 suppresses severity of type 2 diabetes mellitus via anti-inflammation and modulating gut microbiota in rats. Lipids Health Dis. 2020;19(1):1–16.CrossRef
212.
Turnbaugh PJ, Bäckhed F, Fulton L, Gordon JI. Diet-induced obesity is linked to marked but reversible alterations in the mouse distal gut microbiome. Cell Host Microbe. 2008;3(4):213–23.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
213.
Miao Z, Lin J-s, Mao Y, Chen G-d, Zeng F-f, Dong H-l, et al. Erythrocyte n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, gut microbiota, and incident type 2 diabetes: a prospective cohort study. Diabetes Care. 2020;43(10):2435–43.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
214.
Liu H, Pan L-L, Lv S, Yang Q, Zhang H, Chen W, et al. Alterations of gut microbiota and blood lipidome in gestational diabetes mellitus with hyperlipidemia. Front Physiol. 2019;10:1015.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
215.
Lamichhane S, Sen P, Alves MA, Ribeiro HC, Raunioniemi P, Hyötyläinen T, et al. Linking gut microbiome and lipid metabolism: moving beyond associations. Metabolites. 2021;11(1):55.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
216.
Kim EJ, Ramachandran R, Wierzbicki AS. Lipidomics in diabetes. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes. 2022;29(2):124–30.PubMedCrossRef
217.
Brown EM, Ke X, Hitchcock D, Jeanfavre S, Avila-Pacheco J, Nakata T, et al. Bacteroides-derived sphingolipids are critical for maintaining intestinal homeostasis and symbiosis. Cell Host Microbe. 2019;25(5):668–80.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
218.
Holland WL, Bikman BT, Wang L-P, Yuguang G, Sargent KM, Bulchand S, et al. Lipid-induced insulin resistance mediated by the proinflammatory receptor TLR4 requires saturated fatty acid–induced ceramide biosynthesis in mice. J Clin Investig. 2011;121(5):1858–70.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
219.
Leuti A, Fazio D, Fava M, Piccoli A, Oddi S, Maccarrone M. Bioactive lipids, inflammation and chronic diseases. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2020;159:133–69.PubMedCrossRef
220.
221.
Fretts AM, Jensen PN, Hoofnagle AN, McKnight B, Howard BV, Umans J, et al. Plasma ceramides containing saturated fatty acids are associated with risk of type 2 diabetes. J Lipid Res. 2021;62:100119.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
222.
223.
Floegel A, Stefan N, Yu Z, Mühlenbruch K, Drogan D, Joost H-G, et al. Identification of serum metabolites associated with risk of type 2 diabetes using a targeted metabolomic approach. Diabetes. 2013;62(2):639–48.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
224.
Suvitaival T, Bondia-Pons I, Yetukuri L, Pöhö P, Nolan JJ, Hyötyläinen T, et al. Lipidome as a predictive tool in progression to type 2 diabetes in Finnish men. Metabolism. 2018;78:1–12.PubMedCrossRef
225.
Yea K, Kim J, Yoon JH, Kwon T, Kim JH, Lee BD, et al. Lysophosphatidylcholine activates adipocyte glucose uptake and lowers blood glucose levels in murine models of diabetes. J Biol Chem. 2009;284(49):33833–40.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
226.
Prada M, Wittenbecher C, Eichelmann F, Wernitz A, Drouin-Chartier J-P, Schulze MB. Association of the odd-chain fatty acid content in lipid groups with type 2 diabetes risk: a targeted analysis of lipidomics data in the EPIC-Potsdam cohort. Clin Nutr. 2021;40(8):4988–99.PubMedCrossRef
227.
Kreznar JH, Keller MP, Traeger LL, Rabaglia ME, Schueler KL, Stapleton DS, et al. Host genotype and gut microbiome modulate insulin secretion and diet-induced metabolic phenotypes. Cell Rep. 2017;18(7):1739–50.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
228.
Haeusler RA, Astiarraga B, Camastra S, Accili D, Ferrannini E. Human insulin resistance is associated with increased plasma levels of 12α-hydroxylated bile acids. Diabetes. 2013;62(12):4184–91.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
229.
Wewalka M, Patti M-E, Barbato C, Houten SM, Goldfine AB. Fasting serum taurine-conjugated bile acids are elevated in type 2 diabetes and do not change with intensification of insulin. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2014;99(4):1442–51.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
230.
Ryan KK, Tremaroli V, Clemmensen C, Kovatcheva-Datchary P, Myronovych A, Karns R, et al. FXR is a molecular target for the effects of vertical sleeve gastrectomy. Nature. 2014;509(7499):183–8.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
231.
Islam KS, Fukiya S, Hagio M, Fujii N, Ishizuka S, Ooka T, et al. Bile acid is a host factor that regulates the composition of the cecal microbiota in rats. Gastroenterology. 2011;141(5):1773–81.PubMedCrossRef
232.
Zhang S-Y, Li RJ, Lim Y-M, Batchuluun B, Liu H, Waise TZ, et al. FXR in the dorsal vagal complex is sufficient and necessary for upper small intestinal microbiome-mediated changes of TCDCA to alter insulin action in rats. Gut. 2021;70(9):1675–83.PubMedCrossRef
233.
Muccioli GG, Naslain D, Bäckhed F, Reigstad CS, Lambert DM, Delzenne NM, et al. The endocannabinoid system links gut microbiota to adipogenesis. Mol Syst Biol. 2010;6(1):392.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
234.
Lynch A, Crowley E, Casey E, Cano R, Shanahan R, McGlacken G, et al. The Bacteroidales produce an N-acylated derivative of glycine with both cholesterol-solubilising and hemolytic activity. Sci Rep. 2017;7(1):1–10.CrossRef
235.
Boutagy NE, McMillan RP, Frisard MI, Hulver MW. Metabolic endotoxemia with obesity: is it real and is it relevant? Biochimie. 2016;124:11–20.PubMedCrossRef
236.
Geurts L, Everard A, Van Hul M, Essaghir A, Duparc T, Matamoros S, et al. Adipose tissue NAPE-PLD controls fat mass development by altering the browning process and gut microbiota. Nat Commun. 2015;6(1):1–15.CrossRef
237.
Leylabadlo HE, Sanaie S, Heravi FS, Ahmadian Z, Ghotaslou R. From role of gut microbiota to microbial-based therapies in type 2-diabetes. Infect Genet Evol. 2020;81: 104268.CrossRef
238.
Ojo O, Ojo OO, Zand N, Wang X. The effect of dietary fibre on gut microbiota, lipid profile, and inflammatory markers in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Nutrients. 2021;13(6):1805.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
239.
Fallucca F, Porrata C, Fallucca S, Pianesi M. Influence of diet on gut microbiota, inflammation and type 2 diabetes mellitus. First experience with macrobiotic Ma-Pi 2 diet. Diabetes Metabol Res Rev. 2014;30(S1):48–54.CrossRef
240.
Ibanez C, Mouhid L, Reglero G, Ramirez de Molina A. Lipidomics insights in health and nutritional intervention studies. J Agric Food Chem. 2017;65(36):7827–42.PubMedCrossRef
241.
Zhang N, Ju Z, Zuo T. Time for food: The impact of diet on gut microbiota and human health. Nutrition. 2018;51:80–5.PubMedCrossRef
242.
243.
Clark A, Mach N. Exercise-induced stress behavior, gut-microbiota-brain axis and diet: a systematic review for athletes. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2016;13(1):43.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
244.
Yang Q, Liang Q, Balakrishnan B, Belobrajdic DP, Feng Q-J, Zhang W. Role of dietary nutrients in the modulation of gut microbiota: a narrative review. Nutrients. 2020;12(2):381.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
245.
Stacchiotti V, Rezzi S, Eggersdorfer M, Galli F. Metabolic and functional interplay between gut microbiota and fat-soluble vitamins. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2021;61(19):3211–32.PubMedCrossRef
246.
Ye Z, Xu Y-J, Liu Y. Influences of dietary oils and fats, and the accompanied minor content of components on the gut microbiota and gut inflammation: a review. Trends Food Sci Technol. 2021;113:255–76.CrossRef
247.
Kootte R, Vrieze A, Holleman F, Dallinga-Thie GM, Zoetendal EG, de Vos WM, et al. The therapeutic potential of manipulating gut microbiota in obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2012;14(2):112–20.PubMedCrossRef
248.
Kumar M, Pal N, Sharma P, Kumawat M, Sarma DK, Nabi B, et al. Omega-3 fatty acids and their interaction with the gut microbiome in the prevention and amelioration of type-2 diabetes. Nutrients. 2022;14(9):1723.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
249.
Sagild U, Littauer J, Jespersen CS, Andersen S. Epidemiological studies in Greenland 1962–1964. 1. Diabetes mellitus in Eskimos. Acta Medica Scandinavica. 1965;179:29–39.CrossRef
250.
Salas-Salvadó J, Bulló M, Babio N, Martínez-González MÁ, Ibarrola-Jurado N, Basora J, et al. Reduction in the incidence of type 2 diabetes with the Mediterranean diet: results of the PREDIMED-Reus nutrition intervention randomized trial. Diabetes Care. 2011;34(1):14–9.PubMedCrossRef
251.
Iwase Y, Kamei N, Takeda-Morishita M. Antidiabetic effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids: from mechanism to therapeutic possibilities. Pharmacol Pharm. 2015;6(03):190.CrossRef
252.
Shama S, Liu W. Omega-3 fatty acids and gut microbiota: a reciprocal interaction in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Dig Dis Sci. 2020;65(3):906–10.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
253.
Silva YP, Bernardi A, Frozza RL. The role of short-chain fatty acids from gut microbiota in gut-brain communication. Front Endocrinol. 2020;11:25.CrossRef
254.
Salamone D, Rivellese AA, Vetrani C. The relationship between gut microbiota, short-chain fatty acids and type 2 diabetes mellitus: the possible role of dietary fibre. Acta Diabetol. 2021;58(9):1131–8.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
255.
Yan M, Cai WB, Hua T, Cheng Q, Ai D, Jiang HF, et al. Lipidomics reveals the dynamics of lipid profile altered by omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation in healthy people. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 2020;47(7):1134–44.PubMedCrossRef
256.
Peng W, Huang J, Yang J, Zhang Z, Yu R, Fayyaz S, et al. Integrated 16S rRNA sequencing, metagenomics, and metabolomics to characterize gut microbial composition, function, and fecal metabolic phenotype in non-obese type 2 diabetic Goto-Kakizaki rats. Front Microbiol. 2020;10:3141.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
257.
Wang DD. Dietary n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids and cardiovascular disease: Epidemiologic evidence. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2018;135:5–9.PubMedCrossRef
258.
Tortosa-Caparrós E, Navas-Carrillo D, Marín F, Orenes-Piñero E. Anti-inflammatory effects of omega 3 and omega 6 polyunsaturated fatty acids in cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2017;57(16):3421–9.PubMedCrossRef
259.
Innes JK, Calder PC. Omega-6 fatty acids and inflammation. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2018;132:41–8.PubMedCrossRef
260.
Ferrer R, Moreno JJ. Role of eicosanoids on intestinal epithelial homeostasis. Biochem Pharmacol. 2010;80(4):431–8.PubMedCrossRef
261.
An J-U, Hong S-H, Oh D-K. Regiospecificity of a novel bacterial lipoxygenase from Myxococcus xanthus for polyunsaturated fatty acids. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids. 2018;1863(8):823–33.PubMedCrossRef
262.
263.
Brzeska M, Szymczyk K, Szterk A. Current knowledge about oxysterols: a review. J Food Sci. 2016;81(10):2299–308.CrossRef
264.
Cuevas-Tena M, Alegría A, Lagarda MJ. Relationship between dietary sterols and gut microbiota: a review. Eur J Lipid Sci Technol. 2018;120(12):1800054.CrossRef
265.
Hovenkamp E, Demonty I, Plat J, Lütjohann D, Mensink RP, Trautwein EA. Biological effects of oxidized phytosterols: a review of the current knowledge. Prog Lipid Res. 2008;47(1):37–49.PubMedCrossRef
266.
Quifer-Rada P, Choy YY, Calvert CC, Waterhouse AL, Lamuela-Raventos RM. Use of metabolomics and lipidomics to evaluate the hypocholestreolemic effect of Proanthocyanidins from grape seed in a pig model. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2016;60(10):2219–27.PubMedCrossRef
267.
Cuevas-Tena M, Alegria A, Lagarda MJ, Venema K. Impact of plant sterols enrichment dose on gut microbiota from lean and obese subjects using TIM-2 in vitro fermentation model. J Funct Foods. 2019;54:164–74.CrossRef
268.
Cuevas-Tena M, Bermúdez JD, de los Ángeles Silvestre R, Alegría A, Lagarda MJ. Impact of colonic fermentation on sterols after the intake of a plant sterol-enriched beverage: a randomized, double-blind crossover trial. Clin Nutr. 2019;38(4):1549–60.PubMedCrossRef
269.
Weststrate J, Ayesh R, Bauer-Plank C, Drewitt P. Safety evaluation of phytosterol esters. Part 4. Faecal concentrations of bile acids and neutral sterols in healthy normolipidaemic volunteers consuming a controlled diet either with or without a phytosterol ester-enriched margarine. Food Chem Toxicol. 1999;37(11):1063–71.PubMedCrossRef
270.
Strandberg TE, Tilvis RS, Pitkala KH, Miettinen TA. Cholesterol and glucose metabolism and recurrent cardiovascular events among the elderly: a prospective study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006;48(4):708–14.PubMedCrossRef
271.
Strandberg TE, Salomaa V, Venhanen H, Miettinen TA. Associations of fasting blood glucose with cholesterol absorption and synthesis in nondiabetic middle-aged men. Diabetes. 1996;45(6):755–61.CrossRef
272.
Hallikainen M, Toppinen L, Mykkänen H, Ågren JJ, Laaksonen DE, Miettinen TA, et al. Interaction between cholesterol and glucose metabolism during dietary carbohydrate modification in subjects with the metabolic syndrome. Am J Clin Nutr. 2006;84(6):1385–92.PubMedCrossRef
273.
Blanco-Morales V, Garcia-Llatas G, MaJ Yebra, Sentandreu V, Lagarda MJ, Alegría A. Impact of a plant sterol-and galactooligosaccharide-enriched beverage on colonic metabolism and gut microbiota composition using an in vitro dynamic model. J Agric Food Chem. 2019;68(7):1884–95.PubMedCrossRef
274.
Xiao L, Cui T, Liu S, Chen B, Wang Y, Yang T, et al. Vitamin A supplementation improves the intestinal mucosal barrier and facilitates the expression of tight junction proteins in rats with diarrhea. Nutrition. 2019;57:97–108.PubMedCrossRef
275.
Tian Y, Nichols RG, Cai J, Patterson AD, Cantorna MT. Vitamin A deficiency in mice alters host and gut microbial metabolism leading to altered energy homeostasis. J Nutr Biochem. 2018;54:28–34.PubMedCrossRef
276.
Hibberd MC, Wu M, Rodionov DA, Li X, Cheng J, Griffin NW, et al. The effects of micronutrient deficiencies on bacterial species from the human gut microbiota. Sci Transl Med. 2017;9(390): l4069.CrossRef
277.
Lv Z, Wang Y, Yang T, Zhan X, Li Z, Hu H, et al. Vitamin A deficiency impacts the structural segregation of gut microbiota in children with persistent diarrhea. J Clin Biochem Nutr. 2016;59:15–148.CrossRef
278.
Silvagno F, Pescarmona G. Spotlight on vitamin D receptor, lipid metabolism and mitochondria: Some preliminary emerging issues. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2017;450:24–31.PubMedCrossRef
279.
Sacerdote A, Dave P, Lokshin V, Bahtiyar G. Type 2 diabetes mellitus, insulin resistance, and vitamin D. Curr DiabRep. 2019;19(10):1–12.
280.
281.
Thomas RL, Jiang L, Adams JS, Xu ZZ, Shen J, Janssen S, et al. Vitamin D metabolites and the gut microbiome in older men. Nat Commun. 2020;11(1):1–10.CrossRef
282.
283.
Singh P, Rawat A, Alwakeel M, Sharif E, Al KS. The potential role of vitamin D supplementation as a gut microbiota modifier in healthy individuals. Sci Rep. 2020;10(1):1–14.CrossRef
284.
Haro C, Montes-Borrego M, Rangel-Zúñiga OA, Alcalá-Díaz JF, Gómez-Delgado F, Pérez-Martínez P, et al. Two healthy diets modulate gut microbial community improving insulin sensitivity in a human obese population. J Clin Endocrinol. 2016;101(1):233–42.CrossRef
285.
Liu J, Wu S, Cheng Y, Liu Q, Su L, Yang Y, et al. Sargassum fusiforme alginate relieves hyperglycemia and modulates intestinal microbiota and metabolites in type 2 diabetic mice. Nutrients. 2021;13(8):2887.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
286.
Choi Y, Lee S, Kim S, Lee J, Ha J, Oh H, et al. Vitamin E (α-tocopherol) consumption influences gut microbiota composition. Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2020;71(2):221–5.PubMedCrossRef
287.
Maggini S, Wintergerst ES, Beveridge S, Hornig DH. Selected vitamins and trace elements support immune function by strengthening epithelial barriers and cellular and humoral immune responses. Br J Nutr. 2007;98(S1):S29–35.PubMedCrossRef
288.
Rinninella E, Mele MC, Merendino N, Cintoni M, Anselmi G, Caporossi A, et al. The role of diet, micronutrients and the gut microbiota in age-related macular degeneration: new perspectives from the gut–retina axis. Nutrients. 2018;10(11):1677.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
289.
Mandal S, Godfrey KM, McDonald D, Treuren WV, Bjørnholt JV, Midtvedt T, et al. Fat and vitamin intakes during pregnancy have stronger relations with a pro-inflammatory maternal microbiota than does carbohydrate intake. Microbiome. 2016;4(1):1–11.CrossRef
290.
Tang M, Frank DN, Sherlock L, Ir D, Robertson CE, Krebs NF. Effect of vitamin E with therapeutic iron supplementation on iron repletion and gut microbiome in US iron deficient infants and toddlers. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2016;63(3):379–85.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
291.
Yang C, Zhao Y, Im S, Nakatsu C, Jones-Hall Y, Jiang Q. Vitamin E delta-tocotrienol and metabolite 13’-carboxychromanol inhibit colitis-associated colon tumorigenesis and modulate gut microbiota in mice. J Nutr Biochem. 2021;89: 108567.PubMedCrossRef
292.
Naziroğlu M, Güler T, Yüce A. Effect of vitamin E on ruminal fermentation in vitro. J Vet Med Ser A. 2002;49(5):251–5.CrossRef
293.
Wei C, Lin S, Wu J, Zhao G, Zhang T, Zheng W. Effects of supplementing vitamin E on in vitro rumen gas production, volatile fatty acid production, dry matter disappearance rate, and utilizable crude protein. Czeh J Anim Sci. 2015;60(8):335–41.CrossRef
294.
Manna P, Kalita J. Beneficial role of vitamin K supplementation on insulin sensitivity, glucose metabolism, and the reduced risk of type 2 diabetes: a review. Nutrition. 2016;32(7–8):732–9.PubMedCrossRef
295.
296.
Li Y, peng Chen J, Duan L, Li S. Effect of vitamin K2 on type 2 diabetes mellitus: a review. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2018;136:39–51.PubMedCrossRef
297.
298.
Lev M, Milford A. Effect of vitamin K depletion and restoration on sphingolipid metabolism in Bacteroides melaninogenicus. J Lipid Res. 1972;13(3):364–70.PubMedCrossRef
299.
Khan SR, Manialawy Y, Obersterescu A, Cox BJ, Gunderson EP, Wheeler MB. Diminished sphingolipid metabolism, a hallmark of future type 2 diabetes pathogenesis, is linked to pancreatic β cell dysfunction. IScience. 2020;23(10): 101566.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
300.
Roszczyc-Owsiejczuk K, Zabielski P. Sphingolipids as a culprit of mitochondrial dysfunction in insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Front Endocrinol. 2021;12: 635175.CrossRef
301.
302.
Zhang Y, Zhang H. Microbiota associated with type 2 diabetes and its related complications. Food Sci Human Wellness. 2013;2(3–4):167–72.CrossRef
303.
Ellis JL, Karl JP, Oliverio AM, Fu X, Soares JW, Wolfe BE, et al. Dietary vitamin K is remodeled by gut microbiota and influences community composition. Gut Microbes. 2021;13(1):1887721.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
304.
Rohrhofer J, Zwirzitz B, Selberherr E, Untersmayr E. The impact of dietary sphingolipids on intestinal microbiota and gastrointestinal immune homeostasis. Front Immunol. 2021;12: 635704.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
305.
Vesper H, Schmelz E-M, Nikolova-Karakashian MN, Dillehay DL, Lynch DV, Merrill AH Jr. Sphingolipids in food and the emerging importance of sphingolipids to nutrition. J Nutr. 1999;129(7):1239–50.PubMedCrossRef
306.
Liu Z, Rochfort S, Cocks B. Milk lipidomics: what we know and what we don’t. Prog Lipid Res. 2018;71:70–85.PubMedCrossRef
307.
Wolters M, Ahrens J, Romaní-Pérez M, Watkins C, Sanz Y, Benítez-Páez A, et al. Dietary fat, the gut microbiota, and metabolic health—a systematic review conducted within the MyNewGut project. Clin Nutr. 2019;38(6):2504–20.PubMedCrossRef
Metadata
Title
The roles of dietary lipids and lipidomics in gut-brain axis in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors
Duygu Ağagündüz
Mehmet Arif Icer
Ozge Yesildemir
Tevfik Koçak
Emine Kocyigit
Raffaele Capasso
Publication date
01-12-2023
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Journal of Translational Medicine / Issue 1/2023
Electronic ISSN: 1479-5876
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-023-04088-5

Other articles of this Issue 1/2023

Journal of Translational Medicine 1/2023 Go to the issue

Review

Tuning CARs: recent advances in modulating chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell activity for improved safety, efficacy, and flexibility

Review

Mechanism and treatment of olfactory dysfunction caused by coronavirus disease 2019

Review

Elesclomol, a copper-transporting therapeutic agent targeting mitochondria: from discovery to its novel applications

Research

Harnessing large language models (LLMs) for candidate gene prioritization and selection

Research

P21 facilitates macrophage chemotaxis by promoting CCL7 in the lung epithelial cell lines treated with radiation and bleomycin

Research

IL-17A promotes tumorigenesis and upregulates PD-L1 expression in non-small cell lung cancer
Live Webinar | 27-06-2024 | 18:00 (CEST)

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Reserve your place

Live: Thursday 27th June 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)

WHO estimates that half of all patients worldwide are non-adherent to their prescribed medication. The consequences of poor adherence can be catastrophic, on both the individual and population level.

Join our expert panel to discover why you need to understand the drivers of non-adherence in your patients, and how you can optimize medication adherence in your clinics to drastically improve patient outcomes.

Prof. Kevin Dolgin
Prof. Florian Limbourg
Prof. Anoop Chauhan
Developed by: Springer Medicine
Obesity Clinical Trial Summary

At a glance: The STEP trials

Read more

A round-up of the STEP phase 3 clinical trials evaluating semaglutide for weight loss in people with overweight or obesity.

Developed by: Springer Medicine

Highlights from the ACC 2024 Congress

Year in Review: Pediatric cardiology

Pediatric Cardiology Video

Watch Dr. Anne Marie Valente present the last year's highlights in pediatric and congenital heart disease in the official ACC.24 Year in Review session.

Year in Review: Pulmonary vascular disease

Cardiopulmonary Comorbidity Video

The last year's highlights in pulmonary vascular disease are presented by Dr. Jane Leopold in this official video from ACC.24.

Year in Review: Valvular heart disease

Valvular Heart Disease Video

Watch Prof. William Zoghbi present the last year's highlights in valvular heart disease from the official ACC.24 Year in Review session.

Year in Review: Heart failure and cardiomyopathies

Heart Failure Video

Watch this official video from ACC.24. Dr. Biykem Bozkurt discusses last year's major advances in heart failure and cardiomyopathies.

ACC 2024 Congress Coverage

Year in Review: Heart failure and cardiomyopathies

Heart Failure Video

Watch this official video from ACC.24. Dr. Biykem Bozkurt discusses last year's major advances in heart failure and cardiomyopathies.

Watch now

Semaglutide benefits people with type 2 diabetes and obesity-related heart failure

16-04-2024 Type 2 Diabetes News

Incentivised to exercise

11-04-2024 Lifestyle Modifications News

New intervention for STEMI-related cardiogenic shock

10-04-2024 Myocardial Infarction News

» View more highlights on the ACC 2024 congress hub page

Image Credits