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Cardiovascular Diabetology
Published in: Cardiovascular Diabetology 1/2017

Open Access 01-12-2017 | Original investigation

Impact of CD14++CD16+ monocytes on plaque vulnerability in diabetic and non-diabetic patients with asymptomatic coronary artery disease: a cross-sectional study

Authors: Naofumi Yoshida, Hiroyuki Yamamoto, Toshiro Shinke, Hiromasa Otake, Masaru Kuroda, Daisuke Terashita, Hachidai Takahashi, Kazuhiko Sakaguchi, Yushi Hirota, Takuo Emoto, Hilman Zulkifli Amin, Taiji Mizoguchi, Tomohiro Hayashi, Naoto Sasaki, Tomoya Yamashita, Wataru Ogawa, Ken-ichi Hirata

Published in: Cardiovascular Diabetology | Issue 1/2017

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Abstract

Background

Previously, we have reported that daily glucose fluctuations could affect coronary plaque vulnerability, but the underlying mechanisms remained unclear. This study sought to investigate the impact of CD14++CD16+ monocytes on plaque vulnerability, as assessed by virtual histology intravascular ultrasound (VH-IVUS), as well as their relationship to fluctuating glucose levels in patients with asymptomatic coronary artery disease (CAD).

Methods

Fifty-one patients with asymptomatic CAD, who were undergoing lipid-lowering therapy and underwent VH-IVUS evaluation for angiographically mild to moderate lesions, were enrolled in the study. Standard VH-IVUS parameters, including the percentage volume of the necrotic core (%NC) within the plaque and the presence of a virtual histology thin-cap fibroatheroma (VH-TCFA), were then evaluated. Additionally, monocyte subsets were assessed by flow cytometry, and daily glucose fluctuations were analyzed by measuring the mean amplitude of glycemic excursion (MAGE).

Results

Among 82 plaques from 22 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients and 29 non-DM patients, 15 VH-TCFAs were identified. CD14++CD16+ monocyte counts significantly correlated with both  %NC and the presence of VH-TCFA (%NC: r = 0.339, p = 0.002; VH-TCFA: p = 0.003). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that CD14++CD16+ monocyte counts were independently associated with VH-TCFA (odds ratio = 1.029, p = 0.004). Furthermore, CD14++CD16+ monocyte counts were significantly correlated with the MAGE score in the non-DM patients (r = 0.544, p = 0.005).

Conclusions

CD14++CD16+ monocyte levels are associated with coronary plaque vulnerability and can serve as a biomarker for VH-TCFA in patients with CAD undergoing lipid-lowering therapy. In patients without DM, glucose fluctuations may alter the balance of monocyte subsets.
Trial registration UMIN Registry number: UMIN000021228
Appendix
Available only for authorised users
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Metadata
Title
Impact of CD14++CD16+ monocytes on plaque vulnerability in diabetic and non-diabetic patients with asymptomatic coronary artery disease: a cross-sectional study
Authors
Naofumi Yoshida
Hiroyuki Yamamoto
Toshiro Shinke
Hiromasa Otake
Masaru Kuroda
Daisuke Terashita
Hachidai Takahashi
Kazuhiko Sakaguchi
Yushi Hirota
Takuo Emoto
Hilman Zulkifli Amin
Taiji Mizoguchi
Tomohiro Hayashi
Naoto Sasaki
Tomoya Yamashita
Wataru Ogawa
Ken-ichi Hirata
Publication date
01-12-2017
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Cardiovascular Diabetology / Issue 1/2017
Electronic ISSN: 1475-2840
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12933-017-0577-8

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