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BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies
Published in: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 1/2022

Open Access 01-12-2022 | Arthritis | Research

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Suppression of NF-κB signaling by ECN in an arthritic model of inflammation

Authors: Amna Khan, Li Zhang, Chang Hu Li, Ashraf Ullah Khan, Bushra Shal, Adnan Khan, Sajjad Ahmad, Fakhar ud Din, Zia ur rehman, Feng Wang, Salman Khan

Published in: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies | Issue 1/2022

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Abstract

Background

The 7β-(3-ethyl-cis-crotonoyloxy)-1α-(2-methylbutyryloxy)-3,14-dehydro-Z-notonipetranone (ECN), a sesquiterpenoid isolated from the Tussilago farfara Linneaus (Asteraceae), was evaluated against acute Carrageenan and chronic complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritis in mice.

Methods

Acute and chronic arthritis were induced by administering Carrageenan and CFA to the intraplantar surface of the mouse paw. Edema, mechanical allodynia, mechanical hyperalgesia, and thermal hyperalgesia were assessed in the paw. Similarly, histological and immunohistological parameters were assessed following arthritis induced by CFA. Antioxidants, inflammatory cytokines, and oxidative stress markers were also studied in all the treated groups.

Results

The ECN treatment significantly attenuated edema in the paw and elevated the nocifensive threshold following induction of this inflammatory model. Furthermore, ECN treatment markedly improved the arthritis index and distress symptoms, while attenuating the CFA-induced edema in the paw. ECN treatment also improved the histological parameters in the paw tissue compared to the control. At the same time, there was a significant reduction in edema and erosion in the ECN-treated group, as measured by radiographic analysis. Using the Comet’s assay, we showed that ECN treatment protected the DNA from chronic CFA-induced arthritis. Immunohistochemistry analysis showed a marked decrease in the expression level of p-JNK (phosphorylated C-Jun N-terminal kinase), NF-κB (Nuclear factor-kappa B), COX-2 (Cyclooxygenase-2), and TNF-α (Tumour necrosis factor-alpha) compared to the CFA-treated group. Biophysical analysis involving molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations, and binding free energies of ECN were performed to explore the underlying mechanism.

Conclusion

ECN exhibited significant anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic activity against Carrageenan and CFA-induced models.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Suppression of NF-κB signaling by ECN in an arthritic model of inflammation
Authors
Amna Khan
Li Zhang
Chang Hu Li
Ashraf Ullah Khan
Bushra Shal
Adnan Khan
Sajjad Ahmad
Fakhar ud Din
Zia ur rehman
Feng Wang
Salman Khan
Publication date
01-12-2022
Publisher
BioMed Central
Keywords
Arthritis
Edema
Published in
BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies / Issue 1/2022
Electronic ISSN: 2662-7671
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-022-03629-7

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