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BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies
Published in: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 1/2022

Open Access 01-12-2022 | Research

Neuroprotective effects of Lippia javanica (Burm.F.) Spreng. Herbal tea infusion on Lead-induced oxidative brain damage in Wistar rats

Authors: Zubair Suleman, Godwill A. Engwa, Mathulo Shauli, Hannibal T. Musarurwa, Ndinashe A. Katuruza, Constance R. Sewani-Rusike

Published in: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies | Issue 1/2022

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Abstract

Background

Though Lippia javanica (Burm.f.) Spreng antioxidant activity has been demonstrated, its effect in protecting the brain from lead (Pb)-induced oxidative damage is unknown. This study investigated the effect of L. javanica against Pb-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis and acetylcholinesterase activity in rat’s brain.

Methods

L. javanica herbal tea infusion was prepared, its phytochemical constituent was revealed by liquid chromatography-Mass spectrometer (LC-MS) and was administered simultaneously with Pb. Four groups of male Wistar rats (n = 5/group) were used: control received distilled water; Pb-acetate group received 50 mg Pb/ Kg bodyweight (bw), treatment group received 50 mg Pb/ Kg Pb-acetate + 5 ml/kg bw L. javanica and L. javanica group received 5 ml/Kg bw of L. javanica tea infusion only. After 6 weeks of treatment, oxidative status, acetylcholinesterase activity, inflammation and apoptosis was assessed in brain tissue which was also histologically examined.

Results

Mean brain and heart weight was reduced (p < 0.05) while liver and spleen weights were increased (p < 0.05) in Pb exposed animals but were prevented by L. juvanica treatment. Treatment with L. javanica increased (p < 0.05) overall brain antioxidant status (glutathione and superoxide dismutase activities) and reduced lipid peroxidation (p < 0.05) compared to the Pb exposed animals. Pro-inflammatory cytokine tumour necrotic factor-alpha, pro-apoptosis Bax protein and anticholinesterase activity were reduced (p < 0.05) in Pb-L. javanica treated animals compared to the Pb exposed group. Histological examination confirmed neuroprotective effects of L. javanica as evidenced by reduced apoptosis/necrosis and inflammation-induced vacuolization and oedema in the hippocampus. The L. javanica treatment alone had no detrimental effects to the rats. LC-MS analysis revealed L. javanica to be rich in phenolics.

Conclusions

This study demonstrated that L. javanica, rich in phenolics was effective in reducing Pb-induced brain oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, acetylcholinesterase activity and neuronal damage.
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Metadata
Title
Neuroprotective effects of Lippia javanica (Burm.F.) Spreng. Herbal tea infusion on Lead-induced oxidative brain damage in Wistar rats
Authors
Zubair Suleman
Godwill A. Engwa
Mathulo Shauli
Hannibal T. Musarurwa
Ndinashe A. Katuruza
Constance R. Sewani-Rusike
Publication date
01-12-2022
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies / Issue 1/2022
Electronic ISSN: 2662-7671
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-021-03471-3

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