Skip to main content
Top
Published in: BMC Women's Health 1/2021

Open Access 01-12-2021 | Mood Disorders | Research article

Profiles of instrumental, emotional, and informational support in Chinese breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy: a latent class analysis

Authors: Tingting Cai, Qingmei Huang, Changrong Yuan

Published in: BMC Women's Health | Issue 1/2021

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

To date, few studies have assessed social relationships in patients with breast cancer during their chemotherapy process. This study aimed to explore profiles of instrumental, emotional, and informational support in Chinese breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.

Methods

In a cross-sectional study performed between September 2018 and September 2020 in China, 638 patients with breast cancer completed demographic information questionnaires, the PROMIS-Social Relationships Short Forms, the PROMIS-Anxiety Short Form, and the PROMIS-Depression Short Form. Analysis of variance and chi-square tests were performed to examine between-group differences in demographic characteristics, anxiety, and depression outcomes across the identified latent classes. Multinomial logistic regression was performed to identify the correlation of significant variables among the identified classes.

Results

Three profiles of social relationships were identified: Class 1-low social relationships group (14.3%), Class 2-high instrumental support, medium emotional and informational support group (24.6%), and Class 3-high social relationships group (61.1%). The findings revealed the heterogeneity of instrumental, emotional, and informational support in Chinese breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, which was significantly correlated with educational background, monthly family income, health insurance, and employment status. Additionally, patients with low instrumental, emotional, and informational support were more likely to report high levels of anxiety and depression.

Conclusions

When conducting interventions to promote social relationships during the chemotherapy process, healthcare providers should consider the sociodemographic characteristics, anxiety levels, and depression symptoms of patients with breast cancer and identify high-risk patients for tailored interventions.
Literature
1.
go back to reference Torre LA, Bray F, Siegel RL, Ferlay J, Lortet-Tieulent J, Jemal A. Global cancer statistics, 2012. Cancer J Clin. 2015;65(2):87–108.CrossRef Torre LA, Bray F, Siegel RL, Ferlay J, Lortet-Tieulent J, Jemal A. Global cancer statistics, 2012. Cancer J Clin. 2015;65(2):87–108.CrossRef
2.
go back to reference Chen IH, Wang CH, Wang SY, Cheng SY, Yu TJ, Kuo SF. Mediating effects of shoulder-arm exercise on the postoperative severity of symptoms and quality of life of women with breast cancer. BMC Women’s Health. 2020;20:101.CrossRef Chen IH, Wang CH, Wang SY, Cheng SY, Yu TJ, Kuo SF. Mediating effects of shoulder-arm exercise on the postoperative severity of symptoms and quality of life of women with breast cancer. BMC Women’s Health. 2020;20:101.CrossRef
3.
go back to reference Aberaraw R, Boka A, Teshome R, Yeshambel A. Social networks and quality of life among female breast cancer patients at Tikur Anbessa specialized hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2019. BMC Women’s Health. 2020;20:50.CrossRef Aberaraw R, Boka A, Teshome R, Yeshambel A. Social networks and quality of life among female breast cancer patients at Tikur Anbessa specialized hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2019. BMC Women’s Health. 2020;20:50.CrossRef
4.
go back to reference Spatuzzi R, Vespa A, Lorenzi P, Miccinesi G, Ricciuti M, Cifarelli W, Susi M, Fabrizio T, Ferrari MG, Ottaviani M, Giulietti MV, Merico F, Aieta M. Evaluation of social support, quality of life, and body image in women with breast cancer. Breast Care. 2016;11(1):28–32.CrossRef Spatuzzi R, Vespa A, Lorenzi P, Miccinesi G, Ricciuti M, Cifarelli W, Susi M, Fabrizio T, Ferrari MG, Ottaviani M, Giulietti MV, Merico F, Aieta M. Evaluation of social support, quality of life, and body image in women with breast cancer. Breast Care. 2016;11(1):28–32.CrossRef
5.
go back to reference Sammarco A, Konecny LM. Quality of life, social support, and uncertainty among Latina breast cancer survivors. Oncol Nurs Forum. 2008;35:844–9.CrossRef Sammarco A, Konecny LM. Quality of life, social support, and uncertainty among Latina breast cancer survivors. Oncol Nurs Forum. 2008;35:844–9.CrossRef
6.
go back to reference Kroenke CH, Quesenberry C, Kwan ML, Sweeney C, Castillo A, Caan BJ. Social networks, social support, and burden in relationships, and mortality after breast cancer diagnosis in the Life After Breast Cancer Epidemiology (LACE) Study. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2012;137(1):261–71.CrossRef Kroenke CH, Quesenberry C, Kwan ML, Sweeney C, Castillo A, Caan BJ. Social networks, social support, and burden in relationships, and mortality after breast cancer diagnosis in the Life After Breast Cancer Epidemiology (LACE) Study. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2012;137(1):261–71.CrossRef
7.
go back to reference Pereira MG, Brito L, Smith T. Dyadic adjustment, family coping, body image, quality of life and psychological morbidity in patients with psoriasis and their partners. Int J Behav Med. 2012;19:280–7.CrossRef Pereira MG, Brito L, Smith T. Dyadic adjustment, family coping, body image, quality of life and psychological morbidity in patients with psoriasis and their partners. Int J Behav Med. 2012;19:280–7.CrossRef
8.
go back to reference Oh GH, Yeom CW, Shim EJ, Jung D, Lee KM, Son KL, Kim WH, Moon JY, Jung S, Kim TY, Im SA, Lee KH, Hahm BJ. The effect of perceived social support on chemotherapy-related symptoms in patients with breast cancer: a prospective observational study. J Psychosom Res. 2019;130:109911.CrossRef Oh GH, Yeom CW, Shim EJ, Jung D, Lee KM, Son KL, Kim WH, Moon JY, Jung S, Kim TY, Im SA, Lee KH, Hahm BJ. The effect of perceived social support on chemotherapy-related symptoms in patients with breast cancer: a prospective observational study. J Psychosom Res. 2019;130:109911.CrossRef
9.
go back to reference Shrestha JS, Shresta A, Spkata A, Sharma R, Shrestha S, Gautam M. Social support, quality of life and mental health status in breast cancer patients. Cancer Rep Rev. 2017;1(2):1–5. Shrestha JS, Shresta A, Spkata A, Sharma R, Shrestha S, Gautam M. Social support, quality of life and mental health status in breast cancer patients. Cancer Rep Rev. 2017;1(2):1–5.
10.
go back to reference Kroenke CH, Kubzansky LD, Schernhammer ES, Holmes MD, Kawachi I. Social networks, social support, and survival after a breast cancer diagnosis. J Clin Oncol. 2006;24(7):1105–11.CrossRef Kroenke CH, Kubzansky LD, Schernhammer ES, Holmes MD, Kawachi I. Social networks, social support, and survival after a breast cancer diagnosis. J Clin Oncol. 2006;24(7):1105–11.CrossRef
11.
go back to reference Crookes DM, Shelton RC, Tehranifar P, Aycinena C, Gaffney AO, Koch P, Contento IR, Greenlee H. Social networks and social support for healthy eating among Latina breast cancer survivors: implications for social and behavioral interventions. J Cancer Surviv. 2016;10(2):291–301.CrossRef Crookes DM, Shelton RC, Tehranifar P, Aycinena C, Gaffney AO, Koch P, Contento IR, Greenlee H. Social networks and social support for healthy eating among Latina breast cancer survivors: implications for social and behavioral interventions. J Cancer Surviv. 2016;10(2):291–301.CrossRef
12.
go back to reference Gottlieb BH, Bergen AE. Social support concepts and measures. J Psychosom Res. 2010;69:511–20.CrossRef Gottlieb BH, Bergen AE. Social support concepts and measures. J Psychosom Res. 2010;69:511–20.CrossRef
13.
go back to reference Messina CR, Lane DS, Glanz K, Taylor V, Powell L. Relationship of social support and social burden to repeated breast cancer screening in the women’s health initiative. Health Psychol. 2004;23(6):582–94.CrossRef Messina CR, Lane DS, Glanz K, Taylor V, Powell L. Relationship of social support and social burden to repeated breast cancer screening in the women’s health initiative. Health Psychol. 2004;23(6):582–94.CrossRef
14.
go back to reference Cella D, Yount S, Rothrock N, Gershon R, Cook K, Reeve B, Ader D, Fries JF, Bruce B, Rose M. The Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS): progress of an NIH Roadmap cooperative group during its first two years. Med Care. 2017;45(5):S3-11.CrossRef Cella D, Yount S, Rothrock N, Gershon R, Cook K, Reeve B, Ader D, Fries JF, Bruce B, Rose M. The Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS): progress of an NIH Roadmap cooperative group during its first two years. Med Care. 2017;45(5):S3-11.CrossRef
15.
go back to reference Lanza ST, Rhoades BL. Latent class analysis: an alternative perspective on subgroup analysis in prevention and treatment. Prev Sci. 2013;14(2):157–68.CrossRef Lanza ST, Rhoades BL. Latent class analysis: an alternative perspective on subgroup analysis in prevention and treatment. Prev Sci. 2013;14(2):157–68.CrossRef
16.
go back to reference Hahn EA, DeWalt DA, Bode RK, Garcia SF, DeVellis RF, Correia H, Cella D. New English and Spanish social health measures will facilitate evaluating health determinants. Health Psychol. 2014;33:490–9.CrossRef Hahn EA, DeWalt DA, Bode RK, Garcia SF, DeVellis RF, Correia H, Cella D. New English and Spanish social health measures will facilitate evaluating health determinants. Health Psychol. 2014;33:490–9.CrossRef
17.
go back to reference Cai TT, Huang QM, Wu FL, Huang YS, Yang Y, Zhu R, Yuan CY. Latent class analysis of social function of breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy based on Patient-reported outcomes. J Nurs Train. 2020;5(5):S3-11. Cai TT, Huang QM, Wu FL, Huang YS, Yang Y, Zhu R, Yuan CY. Latent class analysis of social function of breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy based on Patient-reported outcomes. J Nurs Train. 2020;5(5):S3-11.
18.
go back to reference Sunderland M, Batterham P, Calear A, Carragher N. Validity of the PROMIS depression and anxiety common metrics in an online sample of Australian adults. Qual Life Res. 2018;27(9):2453–8.CrossRef Sunderland M, Batterham P, Calear A, Carragher N. Validity of the PROMIS depression and anxiety common metrics in an online sample of Australian adults. Qual Life Res. 2018;27(9):2453–8.CrossRef
19.
go back to reference Taple BJ, Griffith JW, Wolf MS. Interview administration of PROMIS Depression and Anxiety Short Forms. Health Lit Res Pract. 2019;3(3):e196-204.PubMedPubMedCentral Taple BJ, Griffith JW, Wolf MS. Interview administration of PROMIS Depression and Anxiety Short Forms. Health Lit Res Pract. 2019;3(3):e196-204.PubMedPubMedCentral
20.
go back to reference Recklitis CJ, Blackmon JE, Chang G. Screening young adult cancer survivors with the PROMIS Depression Short Form (PROMIS-D-SF): comparison with a structured clinical diagnostic interview. Cancer. 2020;126(7):1568–75.CrossRef Recklitis CJ, Blackmon JE, Chang G. Screening young adult cancer survivors with the PROMIS Depression Short Form (PROMIS-D-SF): comparison with a structured clinical diagnostic interview. Cancer. 2020;126(7):1568–75.CrossRef
21.
go back to reference Yang CC, Yang CC. Separating latent classes by information criteria. J Classif. 2007;24(2):183–203.CrossRef Yang CC, Yang CC. Separating latent classes by information criteria. J Classif. 2007;24(2):183–203.CrossRef
22.
go back to reference Adler-Baeder F, Bradford A, Skuban E, Lucier-Greer M, Ketring S, Smith T. Demographic predictors of relationship and marriage education participants’ pre- and post-program relational and individual functioning. J Couple Relationsh Ther. 2010;9(2):113–32.CrossRef Adler-Baeder F, Bradford A, Skuban E, Lucier-Greer M, Ketring S, Smith T. Demographic predictors of relationship and marriage education participants’ pre- and post-program relational and individual functioning. J Couple Relationsh Ther. 2010;9(2):113–32.CrossRef
23.
go back to reference Ahnquist J, Wamala SP, Lindstrom M. Social determinants of health: a question of social or economic capital? Interaction effects of socioeconomic factors on health outcomes. Soc Sci Med. 2012;74(6):930–9.CrossRef Ahnquist J, Wamala SP, Lindstrom M. Social determinants of health: a question of social or economic capital? Interaction effects of socioeconomic factors on health outcomes. Soc Sci Med. 2012;74(6):930–9.CrossRef
24.
go back to reference Barton AW, Beach SRH, Bryant CM, Lavner JA, Brody GH. Stress spillover, African Americans’ couple and health outcomes, and the stress-buffering effect of family-centered prevention. J Fam Psychol. 2018;32(2):186–96.CrossRef Barton AW, Beach SRH, Bryant CM, Lavner JA, Brody GH. Stress spillover, African Americans’ couple and health outcomes, and the stress-buffering effect of family-centered prevention. J Fam Psychol. 2018;32(2):186–96.CrossRef
25.
go back to reference Carlson RG, Barden SM, Daire AP, Greene J. Influence of relationship education on relationship satisfaction for low-income couples. J Couns Dev. 2014;92(4):418–27.CrossRef Carlson RG, Barden SM, Daire AP, Greene J. Influence of relationship education on relationship satisfaction for low-income couples. J Couns Dev. 2014;92(4):418–27.CrossRef
26.
go back to reference Schmidt JE, Andrykowski MA. The role of social and dispositional variables associated with emotional processing in adjustment to breast cancer: an internet-based study. Health Psychol. 2004;23:259–66.CrossRef Schmidt JE, Andrykowski MA. The role of social and dispositional variables associated with emotional processing in adjustment to breast cancer: an internet-based study. Health Psychol. 2004;23:259–66.CrossRef
27.
go back to reference Coughlin SS. Social determinants of breast cancer risk, stage, and survival. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2019;177(3):537–48.CrossRef Coughlin SS. Social determinants of breast cancer risk, stage, and survival. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2019;177(3):537–48.CrossRef
28.
go back to reference Tamminga SJ, de Boer AG, Verbeek JH, Frings-Dresen MH. Breast cancer survivors’ views of factors that influence the return-to-work process-a qualitative study. Scand J Work Environ Health. 2012;38(2):144–54.CrossRef Tamminga SJ, de Boer AG, Verbeek JH, Frings-Dresen MH. Breast cancer survivors’ views of factors that influence the return-to-work process-a qualitative study. Scand J Work Environ Health. 2012;38(2):144–54.CrossRef
29.
go back to reference Tamminga SJ, Coenen P, Paalman C, de Boer AGEM, Aaronson NK, Oldenburg HAS, van Leeuwen FE, van der Beek AJ, Duijts SFA, Schaapveld M. Factors associated with an adverse work outcome in breast cancer survivors 5–10 years after diagnosis: a cross-sectional study. J Cancer Surviv. 2019;13(1):108–16.CrossRef Tamminga SJ, Coenen P, Paalman C, de Boer AGEM, Aaronson NK, Oldenburg HAS, van Leeuwen FE, van der Beek AJ, Duijts SFA, Schaapveld M. Factors associated with an adverse work outcome in breast cancer survivors 5–10 years after diagnosis: a cross-sectional study. J Cancer Surviv. 2019;13(1):108–16.CrossRef
30.
go back to reference Paalman CH, van Leeuwen FE, Aaronson NK, de Boer AGEM, van de Poll-Franse L, Oldenburg HAS, Schaapveld M. Employment and social benefits up to 10 years after breast cancer diagnosis: a population-based study. Br J Cancer. 2016;114(1):81–7.CrossRef Paalman CH, van Leeuwen FE, Aaronson NK, de Boer AGEM, van de Poll-Franse L, Oldenburg HAS, Schaapveld M. Employment and social benefits up to 10 years after breast cancer diagnosis: a population-based study. Br J Cancer. 2016;114(1):81–7.CrossRef
31.
go back to reference Olsson M, Nilsson M, Fugl-Meyer K, Petersson LM, Wennman-Larsen A, Kjeldgård L, Alexanderson K. Life satisfaction of women of working age shortly after breast cancer surgery. Qual Life Res. 2017;26(3):673–84.CrossRef Olsson M, Nilsson M, Fugl-Meyer K, Petersson LM, Wennman-Larsen A, Kjeldgård L, Alexanderson K. Life satisfaction of women of working age shortly after breast cancer surgery. Qual Life Res. 2017;26(3):673–84.CrossRef
32.
go back to reference Vayr F, Montastruc M, Savall F, Despas HF. Work adjustments and employment among breast cancer survivors: a French prospective study. Support Care Cancer. 2020;28:185–92.CrossRef Vayr F, Montastruc M, Savall F, Despas HF. Work adjustments and employment among breast cancer survivors: a French prospective study. Support Care Cancer. 2020;28:185–92.CrossRef
33.
go back to reference Miyashita M, Ohno S, Kataoka A, Kataoka A, Tokunaga E, Masuda N, Shien T, Kawabata K, Takahashi M. Unmet information needs and quality of life in young breast cancer survivors in Japan. Cancer Nurs. 2015;38(6):E1-11.CrossRef Miyashita M, Ohno S, Kataoka A, Kataoka A, Tokunaga E, Masuda N, Shien T, Kawabata K, Takahashi M. Unmet information needs and quality of life in young breast cancer survivors in Japan. Cancer Nurs. 2015;38(6):E1-11.CrossRef
34.
go back to reference Leng J, Lee T, Sarpel U, Lau J, Li Y, Cheng C, Chang MD, Gany F. Identifying the informational and psychological needs of Chinese immigrant cancer patients: a focus group study. Support Care Cancer. 2012;20(12):321–9.CrossRef Leng J, Lee T, Sarpel U, Lau J, Li Y, Cheng C, Chang MD, Gany F. Identifying the informational and psychological needs of Chinese immigrant cancer patients: a focus group study. Support Care Cancer. 2012;20(12):321–9.CrossRef
35.
go back to reference Fu MR, Xu B, Liu Y, Haber J. ‘Making the best of it’: Chinese women’s experiences of adjusting to breast cancer diagnosis and treatment. J Adv Nurs. 2008;63(2):155–65.CrossRef Fu MR, Xu B, Liu Y, Haber J. ‘Making the best of it’: Chinese women’s experiences of adjusting to breast cancer diagnosis and treatment. J Adv Nurs. 2008;63(2):155–65.CrossRef
36.
go back to reference Shensa A, Sidani JE, Escobar-Viera CG, Switzer GE, Primack BA, Choukas-Bradley S. Emotional support from social media and face-to-face relationships: associations with depression risk among young adults. J Affect Disord. 2020;260:38–44.CrossRef Shensa A, Sidani JE, Escobar-Viera CG, Switzer GE, Primack BA, Choukas-Bradley S. Emotional support from social media and face-to-face relationships: associations with depression risk among young adults. J Affect Disord. 2020;260:38–44.CrossRef
37.
go back to reference Wang Y, Zhu X, Yi J, Tang L, He J, Chen G, Li LY, Yang YL. Benefit finding predicts depressive and anxious symptoms in women with breast cancer. Qual Life Res. 2015;24(11):2681–8.CrossRef Wang Y, Zhu X, Yi J, Tang L, He J, Chen G, Li LY, Yang YL. Benefit finding predicts depressive and anxious symptoms in women with breast cancer. Qual Life Res. 2015;24(11):2681–8.CrossRef
Metadata
Title
Profiles of instrumental, emotional, and informational support in Chinese breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy: a latent class analysis
Authors
Tingting Cai
Qingmei Huang
Changrong Yuan
Publication date
01-12-2021
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Women's Health / Issue 1/2021
Electronic ISSN: 1472-6874
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-021-01307-3

Other articles of this Issue 1/2021

BMC Women's Health 1/2021 Go to the issue