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BMC Infectious Diseases
Published in: BMC Infectious Diseases 1/2016

Open Access 01-12-2016 | Review

The habitat of Coccidioides spp. and the role of animals as reservoirs and disseminators in nature

Authors: María del Rocío Reyes-Montes, María Ameyali Pérez-Huitrón, Jorge Luis Ocaña-Monroy, María Guadalupe Frías-De-León, Erick Martínez-Herrera, Roberto Arenas, Esperanza Duarte-Escalante

Published in: BMC Infectious Diseases | Issue 1/2016

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Abstract

Background

Coccidioidomycosis, a potentially fatal fungal infection, is considered an emergent mycotic disease because of the increased incidence of fungal infections registered over recent years. Infection occurs through the inhalation of arthroconidia from two main species of Coccidioides: Coccidioides immitis and C. posadasii, which are both endemic to arid and semi-arid regions of North America. Coccidioides species not only infect humans but can also infect other mammals (land, aquatic, wild or domestic), reptiles and birds.

Objective

To obtain information regarding the habitat of Coccidioides spp. and the animals infected by this fungus and to identify the role that infected animals play as reservoirs and disseminators of this fungus in nature.

Materials

A literature review was conducted to identify the habitat of Coccidioides spp. and the infected non-human animal species targeted by this fungus.

Results and conclusions

This review allows us to suggest that Coccidioides spp. may be classified as halotolerant organisms; nevertheless, to perpetuate their life cycle, these organisms depend on different animal species (reservoirs) that serve as a link with the environment, by acting as disseminators of the fungi in nature.
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Metadata
Title
The habitat of Coccidioides spp. and the role of animals as reservoirs and disseminators in nature
Authors
María del Rocío Reyes-Montes
María Ameyali Pérez-Huitrón
Jorge Luis Ocaña-Monroy
María Guadalupe Frías-De-León
Erick Martínez-Herrera
Roberto Arenas
Esperanza Duarte-Escalante
Publication date
01-12-2016
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Infectious Diseases / Issue 1/2016
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2334
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-016-1902-7

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