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Arthritis Research & Therapy
Published in: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2/2001

01-01-2001 | Review

Articular cartilage and changes in Arthritis: Cell biology of osteoarthritis

Authors: Linda J Sandell, Thomas Aigner

Published in: Arthritis Research & Therapy | Issue 2/2001

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Abstract

The reaction patterns of chondrocytes in osteoarthritis can be summarized in five categories: (1) proliferation and cell death (apoptosis); changes in (2) synthetic activity and (3) degradation; (4) phenotypic modulation of the articular chondrocytes; and (5) formation of osteophytes. In osteoarthritis, the primary responses are reinitiation of synthesis of cartilage macromolecules, the initiation of synthesis of types IIA and III procollagens as markers of a more primitive phenotype, and synthesis of active proteolytic enzymes. Reversion to a fibroblast-like phenotype, known as 'dedifferentiation', does not appear to be an important component. Proliferation plays a role in forming characteristic chondrocyte clusters near the surface, while apoptosis probably occurs primarily in the calcified cartilage.
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Metadata
Title
Articular cartilage and changes in Arthritis: Cell biology of osteoarthritis
Authors
Linda J Sandell
Thomas Aigner
Publication date
01-01-2001
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Arthritis Research & Therapy / Issue 2/2001
Electronic ISSN: 1478-6362
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/ar148

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