Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

LIVE: Thursday 27th June 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)
Join our expert panel to discover why you need to understand the drivers of non-adherence in your patients, and how you can optimize medication adherence in your clinics to drastically improve patient outcomes.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
Malaria Journal
Published in: Malaria Journal 1/2008

Open Access 01-12-2008 | Research

Cytokine-associated neutrophil extracellular traps and antinuclear antibodies in Plasmodium falciparum infected children under six years of age

Authors: Virginia S Baker, Godwin E Imade, Norman B Molta, Pallavi Tawde, Sunday D Pam, Michael O Obadofin, Soloman A Sagay, Daniel Z Egah, Daniel Iya, Bangmboye B Afolabi, Murray Baker, Karen Ford, Robert Ford, Kenneth H Roux, Thomas CS Keller III

Published in: Malaria Journal | Issue 1/2008

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

In Plasmodium falciparum-infected children, the relationships between blood cell histopathology, blood plasma components, development of immunocompetence and disease severity remain poorly understood. Blood from Nigerian children with uncomplicated malaria was analysed to gain insight into these relationships. This investigation presents evidence for circulating neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and antinuclear IgG antibodies (ANA). The presence of NETs and ANA to double-stranded DNA along with the cytokine profiles found suggests autoimmune mechanisms that could produce pathogenesis in children, but immunoprotection in adults.

Methods

Peripheral blood smear slides and blood samples obtained from 21 Nigerian children under six years of age, presenting with uncomplicated malaria before and seven days after initiation of sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) treatment were analysed. The slides were stained with Giemsa and with DAPI. Levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IFN-γ, IL-2, TNF, CRP, and IL-6, select anti-inflammatory cytokines TGF-β and IL-10, and ANA were determined by immunoassay.

Results

The children exhibited circulating NETs with adherent parasites and erythrocytes, elevated ANA levels, a Th2 dominated cytokine profile, and left-shifted leukocyte differential counts. Nonspecific ANA levels were significant in 86% of the children pretreatment and in 100% of the children seven days after SP treatment, but in only 33% of age-matched control samples collected during the season of low parasite transmission. Levels of ANA specific for dsDNA were significant in 81% of the children both pre-treatment and post treatment.

Conclusion

The results of this investigation suggest that NET formation and ANA to dsDNA may induce pathology in falciparum-infected children, but activate a protective mechanism against falciparum malaria in adults. The significance of in vivo circulating chromatin in NETs and dsDNA ANA as a causative factor in the hyporesponsiveness of CpG oligonucleotide-based malaria vaccines is discussed.
Appendix
Available only for authorised users
Literature
1.
Good MF, Xu H, Wykes M, Engwerda CR: Development and regulation of cell-mediated immune responses to the blood stages of malaria: implications for vaccine research. Annu Rev Immunol. 2005, 23: 69-99. 10.1146/annurev.immunol.23.021704.115638.CrossRefPubMed
2.
Malaguarnera L, Musumeci S: The immune response to Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Lancet Infect Dis. 2002, 2: 472-478. 10.1016/S1473-3099(02)00344-4.CrossRefPubMed
3.
Stevenson MM, Riley EM: Innate immunity to malaria. Nat Rev Immunol. 2004, 4: 169-180. 10.1038/nri1311.CrossRefPubMed
4.
Millington OR, Di Lorenzo C, Phillips RS, Garside P, Brewer JM: Suppression of adaptive immunity to heterologous antigens during Plasmodium infection through hemozoin-induced failure of dendritic cell function. J Biol. 2006, 5: 5-10.1186/jbiol34.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
5.
Nussenblatt V, Mukasa G, Metzger A, Ndeezi G, Garrett E, Semba RD: Anemia and interleukin-10, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and erythropoietin levels among children with acute, uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 2001, 8: 1164-1170. 10.1128/CDLI.8.6.1164-1170.2001.PubMedCentralPubMed
6.
Griffiths MJ, Shafi MJ, Popper SJ, Hemingway CA, Kortok MM, Wathen A, Rockett KA, Mott R, Levin M, Newton CR, Marsh K, Relman DA, Kwiatkowski DP: Genomewide analysis of the host response to malaria in Kenyan children. J Infect Dis. 2005, 191: 1599-1611. 10.1086/429297.CrossRef
7.
Nzila A, Ward SA, Marsh K, Sims PF, Hyde JE: Comparative folate metabolism in humans and malaria parasites (part II): activities as yet untargeted or specific to Plasmodium. Trends Parasitol. 2005, 21: 334-339. 10.1016/j.pt.2005.05.008.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
8.
Nzila A, Ward SA, Marsh K, Sims PF, Hyde JE: Comparative folate metabolism in humans and malaria parasites (part I): pointers for malaria treatment from cancer chemotherapy. Trends Parasitol. 2005, 21: 292-298. 10.1016/j.pt.2005.04.002.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
9.
Chillemi R, Zappacosta B, Simpore J, Persichilli S, Musumeci M, Musumeci S: Hyperhomocysteinemia in acute Plasmodium falciparum malaria: an effect of host-parasite interaction. Clin Chim Acta. 2004, 348: 113-120. 10.1016/j.cccn.2004.05.007.CrossRefPubMed
10.
Gregson A, Plowe CV: Mechanisms of resistance of malaria parasites to antifolates. Pharmacol Rev. 2005, 57: 117-145. 10.1124/pr.57.1.4.CrossRefPubMed
11.
Many A, Schreiber L, Rosner S, Lessing JB, Eldor A, Kupferminc MJ: Pathologic features of the placenta in women with severe pregnancy complications and thrombophilia. Obstet Gynecol. 2001, 98: 1041-1044. 10.1016/S0029-7844(01)01621-0.CrossRefPubMed
12.
Bulgan Kilicdag E, Ay G, Celik A, Ustundag B, Ozercan I, Simsek M: Oxidant-antioxidant system changes relative to placental-umbilical pathology in patients with preeclampsia. Hypertens Pregnancy. 2005, 24: 147-157. 10.1081/PRG-200059863.CrossRefPubMed
13.
Moore JM, Chaisavaneeyakorn S, Perkins DJ, Othoro C, Otieno J, Nahlen BL, Shi YP, Udhayakumar V: Hemozoin differentially regulates proinflammatory cytokine production in human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive and -seronegative women with placental malaria. Infect Immun. 2004, 72: 7022-7029. 10.1128/IAI.72.12.7022-7029.2004.PubMedCentralCrossRef
14.
Llurba E, Gratacos E, Martin-Gallan P, Cabero L, Dominguez C: A comprehensive study of oxidative stress and antioxidant status in preeclampsia and normal pregnancy. Free Radic Biol Med. 2004, 37: 557-570. 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2004.04.035.CrossRefPubMed
15.
Muller S: Redox and antioxidant systems of the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Mol Microbiol. 2004, 53: 1291-1305. 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2004.04257.x.CrossRefPubMed
16.
Pabon A, Carmona J, Burgos LC, Blair S: Oxidative stress in patients with non-complicated malaria. Clin Biochem. 2003, 36: 71-78. 10.1016/S0009-9120(02)00423-X.CrossRefPubMed
17.
Taylor PR, Carugati A, Fadok VA, Cook HT, Andrews M, Carroll MC, Savill JS, Henson PM, Botto M, Walport MJ: A hierarchical role for classical pathway complement proteins in the clearance of apoptotic cells in vivo. J Exp Med. 2000, 192: 359-366. 10.1084/jem.192.3.359.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
18.
Stoute JA, Odindo AO, Owuor BO, Mibei EK, Opollo MO, Waitumbi JN: Loss of red blood cell-complement regulatory proteins and increased levels of circulating immune complexes are associated with severe malarial anemia. J Infect Dis. 2003, 187: 522-525. 10.1086/367712.CrossRefPubMed
19.
Ciurana CL, Zwart B, van Mierlo G, Hack CE: Complement activation by necrotic cells in normal plasma environment compares to that by late apoptotic cells and involves predominantly IgM. Eur J Immunol. 2004, 34: 2609-2619. 10.1002/eji.200425045.CrossRefPubMed
20.
Dernellis J, Panaretou M: Effects of C-reactive protein and the third and fourth components of complement (C3 and C4) on incidence of atrial fibrillation. Am J Cardiol. 2006, 97: 245-248. 10.1016/j.amjcard.2005.08.027.CrossRefPubMed
21.
Kravitz MS, Pitashny M, Shoenfeld Y: Protective Molecules-C-Reactive Protein (CRP), Serum Amyloid P (SAP), Pentraxin3 (PTX3), Mannose-Binding Lectin (MBL), and Apolipoprotein A1 (Apo A1), and Their Autoantibodies: Prevalence and Clinical Significance in Autoimmunity. J Clin Immunol. 2005, 25: 582-591. 10.1007/s10875-005-7828-2.CrossRefPubMed
22.
Roumenina LT, Kantardjiev AA, Atanasov BP, Waters P, Gadjeva M, Reid KB, Mantovani A, Kishore U, Kojouharova MS: Role of Ca2+ in the electrostatic stability and the functional activity of the globular domain of human C1q. Biochemistry. 2005, 44: 14097-14109. 10.1021/bi051186n.CrossRefPubMed
23.
Li SH, Szmitko PE, Weisel RD, Wang CH, Fedak PW, Li RK, Mickle DA, Verma S: C-reactive protein upregulates complement-inhibitory factors in endothelial cells. Circulation. 2004, 109: 833-836. 10.1161/01.CIR.0000117087.27524.0E.CrossRefPubMed
24.
Daniel-Ribeiro CT: Is there a role for autoimmunity in immune protection against malaria?. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2000, 95: 199-207.CrossRefPubMed
25.
Chaiyaroj SC, Rutta AS, Muenthaisong K, Watkins P, Na Ubol M, Looareesuwan S: Reduced levels of transforming growth factor-beta1, interleukin-12 and increased migration inhibitory factor are associated with severe malaria. Acta Trop. 2004, 89: 319-327. 10.1016/j.actatropica.2003.10.010.CrossRefPubMed
26.
Coltel N, Combes V, Hunt NH, Grau GE: Cerebral malaria -- a neurovascular pathology with many riddles still to be solved. Curr Neurovasc Res. 2004, 1: 91-110. 10.2174/1567202043480116.CrossRefPubMed
27.
Dalton DK, Haynes L, Chu CQ, Swain SL, Wittmer S: Interferon gamma eliminates responding CD4 T cells during mycobacterial infection by inducing apoptosis of activated CD4 T cells. J Exp Med. 2000, 192: 117-122. 10.1084/jem.192.1.117.PubMedCentralCrossRef
28.
Griffiths MJ, Ndungu F, Baird KL, Muller DP, Marsh K, Newton CR: Oxidative stress and erythrocyte damage in Kenyan children with severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Br J Haematol. 2001, 113: 486-491. 10.1046/j.1365-2141.2001.02758.x.CrossRefPubMed
29.
Jennings VM, Actor JK, Lal AA, Hunter RL: Cytokine profile suggesting that murine cerebral malaria is an encephalitis. Infect Immun. 1997, 65: 4883-4887.PubMedCentralPubMed
30.
Kern P, Hemmer CJ, Van Damme J, Gruss HJ, Dietrich M: Elevated tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-6 serum levels as markers for complicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Am J Med. 1989, 87: 139-143.CrossRefPubMed
31.
Kurtzhals JA, Adabayeri V, Goka BQ, Akanmori BD, Oliver-Commey JO, Nkrumah FK, Behr C, Hviid L: Low plasma concentrations of interleukin 10 in severe malarial anaemia compared with cerebral and uncomplicated malaria. Lancet. 1998, 351: 1768-1772. 10.1016/S0140-6736(97)09439-7.CrossRefPubMed
32.
May J, Lell B, Luty AJ, Meyer CG, Kremsner PG: Plasma interleukin-10:Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha ratio is associated with TNF promoter variants and predicts malarial complications. J Infect Dis. 2000, 182: 1570-1573. 10.1086/315857.CrossRef
33.
Malaguarnera L, Imbesi RM, Pignatelli S, Simpore J, Malaguarnera M, Musumeci S: Increased levels of interleukin-12 in Plasmodium falciparum malaria: correlation with the severity of disease. Parasite Immunol. 2002, 24: 387-389. 10.1046/j.1365-3024.2002.00478.x.CrossRefPubMed
34.
Means RT, Krantz SB: Progress in understanding the pathogenesis of the anemia of chronic disease. Blood. 1992, 80: 1639-1647.PubMed
35.
Wassmer SC, de Souza JB, Frere C, Candal FJ, Juhan-Vague I, Grau GE: TGF-beta1 released from activated platelets can induce TNF-stimulated human brain endothelium apoptosis: a new mechanism for microvascular lesion during cerebral malaria. J Immunol. 2006, 176: 1180-1184.CrossRefPubMed
36.
Rae C, McQuillan JA, Parekh SB, Bubb WA, Weiser S, Balcar VJ, Hansen AM, Ball HJ, Hunt NH: Brain gene expression, metabolism, and bioenergetics: interrelationships in murine models of cerebral and noncerebral malaria. Faseb J. 2004, 18: 499-510. 10.1096/fj.03-0543com.CrossRefPubMed
37.
Gupta AK, Hasler P, Holzgreve W, Gebhardt S, Hahn S: Induction of neutrophil extracellular DNA lattices by placental microparticles and IL-8 and their presence in preeclampsia. Hum Immunol. 2005, 66: 1146-1154. 10.1016/j.humimm.2005.11.003.CrossRefPubMed
38.
Urban CF, Reichard U, Brinkmann V, Zychlinsky A: Neutrophil extracellular traps capture and kill Candida albicans yeast and hyphal forms. Cell Microbiol. 2006, 8: 668-676. 10.1111/j.1462-5822.2005.00659.x.CrossRefPubMed
39.
Festjens N, Vanden Berghe T, Vandenabeele P: Necrosis, a well-orchestrated form of cell demise: signalling cascades, important mediators and concomitant immune response. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2006, 1757: 1371-1387. 10.1016/j.bbabio.2006.06.014.CrossRefPubMed
40.
Fuchs TA, Abed U, Goosmann C, Hurwitz R, Schulze I, Wahn V, Weinrauch Y, Brinkmann V, Zychlinsky A: Novel cell death program leads to neutrophil extracellular traps. J Cell Biol. 2007, 176: 231-241. 10.1083/jcb.200606027.PubMedCentralCrossRef
41.
Golstein P, Kroemer G: Cell death by necrosis: towards a molecular definition. Trends Biochem Sci. 2007, 32: 37-43. 10.1016/j.tibs.2006.11.001.CrossRefPubMed
42.
Brinkmann V, Reichard U, Goosmann C, Fauler B, Uhlemann Y, Weiss DS, Weinrauch Y, Zychlinsky A: Neutrophil extracellular traps kill bacteria. Science. 2004, 303: 1532-1535. 10.1126/science.1092385.CrossRefPubMed
43.
Gurunathan S, Wu CY, Freidag BL, Seder RA: DNA vaccines: a key for inducing long-term cellular immunity. Curr Opin Immunol. 2000, 12: 442-447. 10.1016/S0952-7915(00)00118-7.CrossRefPubMed
44.
Bevaart L, Van Ojik HH, Sun AW, Sulahian TH, Leusen JH, Weiner GJ, Van De Winkel JG, Van Vugt MJ: CpG oligodeoxynucleotides enhance FcgammaRI-mediated cross presentation by dendritic cells. Int Immunol. 2004, 16: 1091-1098. 10.1093/intimm/dxh110.CrossRefPubMed
45.
Katung PY: Socio-economic factors responsible for poor utilisation of the primary health care services in a rural community in Nigeria. Niger J Med. 2001, 10: 28-29.PubMed
46.
Molta NB, Watila IM, Ogucho S: Responses of Plasmodium falciparum infections to antimalarial drugs in north eastern Nigeria --Part 1: 1988-1995. Journal of Pharmacy and Bioresources. 2004, 1: 51-60.
47.
Schellenberg D, Menendez C, Kahigwa E, Font F, Galindo C, Acosta C, Schellenberg JA, Aponte JJ, Kimario J, Urassa H, Mshinda H, Tanner M, Alonso P: African children with malaria in an area of intense Plasmodium falciparum transmission: features on admission to the hospital and risk factors for death. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1999, 61: 431-438.PubMed
48.
WHO/AFRO: Manual of Infection Prevention and Control Policies and Guidelines. 2001, Harare, Zimbabwe, World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa
49.
Kobayashi Y, Ozawa M, Maruo N, Kondo M: [Megakaryocyte ploidy in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome--by microcytofluorometry with DAPI staining after removal of Wright-Giemsa staining]. Rinsho Ketsueki. 1989, 30: 1915-1922.PubMed
50.
O'Conner BH: A color atlas and instruction manual of peripheral cell morphology. 1984, Philadelphia, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
51.
Harmening DM: Clinical Hematology. 2002, Philadelphia, F.A. Davis Company, 4th
52.
53.
Urban CF, Lourido S, Zychlinsky A: How do microbes evade neutrophil killing?. Cell Microbiol. 2006, 8: 1687-1696. 10.1111/j.1462-5822.2006.00792.x.CrossRefPubMed
54.
Buchanan JT, Simpson AJ, Aziz RK, Liu GY, Kristian SA, Kotb M, Feramisco J, Nizet V: DNase expression allows the pathogen group A Streptococcus to escape killing in neutrophil extracellular traps. Curr Biol. 2006, 16: 396-400. 10.1016/j.cub.2005.12.039.CrossRefPubMed
55.
Rothfield NF, Stollar BD: The relation of immunoglobulin class, pattern of anti-nuclear antibody, and complement-fixing antibodies to DNA in sera from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. J Clin Invest. 1967, 46: 1785-1794.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
56.
Hahn BH: Antibodies to DNA. N Engl J Med. 1998, 338: 1359-1368. 10.1056/NEJM199805073381906.CrossRef
57.
Rothfield NF: Clinical significance of antinuclear antibodies. J Med Assoc Ga. 1967, 56: 491-494.PubMed
58.
Cairo MS: Prevention and treatment of hyperuricemia in hematological malignancies. Clin Lymphoma. 2002, 3 Suppl 1: S26-31.CrossRef
59.
Arese M, Strasly M, Ruva C, Costamagna C, Ghigo D, MacAllister R, Verzetti G, Tetta C, Bosia A, Bussolino F: Regulation of nitric oxide synthesis in uraemia. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1995, 10: 1386-1397.PubMed
60.
61.
Phillips RE, Pasvol G: Anaemia of Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Baillieres Clin Haematol. 1992, 5: 315-330.CrossRefPubMed
62.
Toure-Balde A, Sarthou JL, Aribot G, Michel P, Trape JF, Rogier C, Roussilhon C: Plasmodium falciparum induces apoptosis in human mononuclear cells. Infect Immun. 1996, 64: 744-750.PubMedCentralPubMed
63.
Mortensen RF, Zhong W: Regulation of phagocytic leukocyte activities by C-reactive protein. J Leukoc Biol. 2000, 67: 495-500.PubMed
64.
65.
Zhouhong C, Flanders KC, Bertolette D, LA L, JU W, WT P, JJ L, FW R, AB R: Levels of phosphor-Smad2/3 are sensors of the interplay between effects of TGF-B and retinoic acid on monocytic and granulocytic differentiation of HL-60 cells. Blood. 2003, 101: 498-507. 10.1182/blood-2002-05-1549.CrossRef
66.
Torzewski M, Rist C, Mortensen RF, Zwaka TP, Bienek M, Waltenberger J, Koenig W, Schmitz G, Hombach V, Torzewski J: C-reactive protein in the arterial intima: role of C-reactive protein receptor-dependent monocyte recruitment in atherogenesis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2000, 20: 2094-2099.CrossRefPubMed
67.
Gurunathan S, Klinman DM, Seder RA: DNA vaccines: immunology, application, and optimization*. Annu Rev Immunol. 2000, 18: 927-974. 10.1146/annurev.immunol.18.1.927.CrossRefPubMed
68.
Takeda K, Akira S: Toll-like receptors in innate immunity. Int Immunol. 2005, 17: 1-14. 10.1093/intimm/dxh186.CrossRef
Metadata
Title
Cytokine-associated neutrophil extracellular traps and antinuclear antibodies in Plasmodium falciparum infected children under six years of age
Authors
Virginia S Baker
Godwin E Imade
Norman B Molta
Pallavi Tawde
Sunday D Pam
Michael O Obadofin
Soloman A Sagay
Daniel Z Egah
Daniel Iya
Bangmboye B Afolabi
Murray Baker
Karen Ford
Robert Ford
Kenneth H Roux
Thomas CS Keller III
Publication date
01-12-2008
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Malaria Journal / Issue 1/2008
Electronic ISSN: 1475-2875
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-7-41

Other articles of this Issue 1/2008

Malaria Journal 1/2008 Go to the issue

Research

An experimental hut evaluation of Olyset® nets against anopheline mosquitoes after seven years use in Tanzanian villages

Research

Impact of urban agriculture on malaria vectors in Accra, Ghana

Research

One-year delayed effect of fog on malaria transmission: a time-series analysis in the rain forest area of Mengla County, south-west China

Research

Prevalence of pfmdr1, pfcrt, pfdhfr and pfdhps mutations associated with drug resistance, in Luanda, Angola

Research

No miRNA were found in Plasmodium and the ones identified in erythrocytes could not be correlated with infection

Research

Randomized, comparative study of the efficacy and safety of artesunate plus amodiaquine, administered as a single daily intake versus two daily intakes in the treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria
Live Webinar | 27-06-2024 | 18:00 (CEST)

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Reserve your place

Live: Thursday 27th June 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)

WHO estimates that half of all patients worldwide are non-adherent to their prescribed medication. The consequences of poor adherence can be catastrophic, on both the individual and population level.

Join our expert panel to discover why you need to understand the drivers of non-adherence in your patients, and how you can optimize medication adherence in your clinics to drastically improve patient outcomes.

Prof. Kevin Dolgin
Prof. Florian Limbourg
Prof. Anoop Chauhan
Developed by: Springer Medicine
Obesity Clinical Trial Summary

At a glance: The STEP trials

Read more

A round-up of the STEP phase 3 clinical trials evaluating semaglutide for weight loss in people with overweight or obesity.

Developed by: Springer Medicine

Highlights from the ACC 2024 Congress

Year in Review: Pediatric cardiology

Pediatric Cardiology Video

Watch Dr. Anne Marie Valente present the last year's highlights in pediatric and congenital heart disease in the official ACC.24 Year in Review session.

Year in Review: Pulmonary vascular disease

Cardiopulmonary Comorbidity Video

The last year's highlights in pulmonary vascular disease are presented by Dr. Jane Leopold in this official video from ACC.24.

Year in Review: Valvular heart disease

Valvular Heart Disease Video

Watch Prof. William Zoghbi present the last year's highlights in valvular heart disease from the official ACC.24 Year in Review session.

Year in Review: Heart failure and cardiomyopathies

Heart Failure Video

Watch this official video from ACC.24. Dr. Biykem Bozkurt discusses last year's major advances in heart failure and cardiomyopathies.

ACC 2024 Congress Coverage

Year in Review: Heart failure and cardiomyopathies

Heart Failure Video

Watch this official video from ACC.24. Dr. Biykem Bozkurt discusses last year's major advances in heart failure and cardiomyopathies.

Watch now

Semaglutide benefits people with type 2 diabetes and obesity-related heart failure

16-04-2024 Type 2 Diabetes News

Incentivised to exercise

11-04-2024 Lifestyle Modifications News

New intervention for STEMI-related cardiogenic shock

10-04-2024 Myocardial Infarction News

» View more highlights on the ACC 2024 congress hub page

Image Credits