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BMC Infectious Diseases
Published in: BMC Infectious Diseases 1/2009

Open Access 01-12-2009 | Case report

Newly formed cystic lesions for the development of pneumomediastinum in Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia

Authors: Ju-Yeon Cho, Dong-Min Kim, Yong Eun Kwon, Sung Ho Yoon, Seung Il Lee

Published in: BMC Infectious Diseases | Issue 1/2009

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Abstract

Background

Pneumocystis jirovecii, formerly named Pneumocystis carinii, is one of the most common opportunistic infections in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients.

Case presentations

We encountered two cases of spontaneous pneumomediastinum with subcutaneous emphysema in HIV-infected patients being treated for Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole.

Conclusion

Clinicians should be aware that cystic lesions and bronchiectasis can develop in spite of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole treatment for P. jirovecii pneumonia. The newly formed bronchiectasis and cyst formation that were noted in follow up high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) but were not visible on HRCT at admission could be risk factors for the development of pneumothorax or pneumomediastinum with subcutaneous emphysema in HIV-patients.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
Newly formed cystic lesions for the development of pneumomediastinum in Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia
Authors
Ju-Yeon Cho
Dong-Min Kim
Yong Eun Kwon
Sung Ho Yoon
Seung Il Lee
Publication date
01-12-2009
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Infectious Diseases / Issue 1/2009
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2334
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2334-9-171

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Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

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WHO estimates that half of all patients worldwide are non-adherent to their prescribed medication. The consequences of poor adherence can be catastrophic, on both the individual and population level.

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