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Respiratory Research
Published in: Respiratory Research 1/2006

Open Access 01-12-2006 | Review

Epigenetics and airways disease

Authors: Ian M Adcock, Paul Ford, Kazuhiro Ito, P J Barnes

Published in: Respiratory Research | Issue 1/2006

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Abstract

Epigenetics is the term used to describe heritable changes in gene expression that are not coded in the DNA sequence itself but by post-translational modifications in DNA and histone proteins. These modifications include histone acetylation, methylation, ubiquitination, sumoylation and phosphorylation. Epigenetic regulation is not only critical for generating diversity of cell types during mammalian development, but it is also important for maintaining the stability and integrity of the expression profiles of different cell types. Until recently, the study of human disease has focused on genetic mechanisms rather than on non-coding events. However, it is becoming increasingly clear that disruption of epigenetic processes can lead to several major pathologies, including cancer, syndromes involving chromosomal instabilities, and mental retardation. Furthermore, the expression and activity of enzymes that regulate these epigenetic modifications have been reported to be abnormal in the airways of patients with respiratory disease. The development of new diagnostic tools might reveal other diseases that are caused by epigenetic alterations. These changes, despite being heritable and stably maintained, are also potentially reversible and there is scope for the development of 'epigenetic therapies' for disease.
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Metadata
Title
Epigenetics and airways disease
Authors
Ian M Adcock
Paul Ford
Kazuhiro Ito
P J Barnes
Publication date
01-12-2006
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Respiratory Research / Issue 1/2006
Electronic ISSN: 1465-993X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/1465-9921-7-21

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