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At a glance: The ONWARDS insulin icodec trials

A round-up of the ONWARDS phase 3 clinical trials evaluating the novel weekly insulin icodec in people with diabetes.
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Sports Medicine
Published in: Sports Medicine 6/2018

01-06-2018 | Systematic Review

The Effect of Chronic Exercise Training on Leptin: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Authors: Michael V. Fedewa, Elizabeth D. Hathaway, Christie L. Ward-Ritacco, Tyler D. Williams, Ward C. Dobbs

Published in: Sports Medicine | Issue 6/2018

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Abstract

Background

Leptin is a hormone associated with satiety, lipid oxidation, energy expenditure, and energy homeostasis. To date, the current body of research examining the effect of chronic exercise training on leptin has yielded inconsistent results.

Objective

The purpose of this meta-analysis was to provide a quantitative estimate of the magnitude of change in leptin levels following participation in exercise interventions lasting ≥ 2 weeks.

Methods

All studies included were peer-reviewed and published in English. To be included, studies randomized human participants to an exercise training group or non-exercise comparison group for an exercise training intervention. Leptin levels were measured at baseline, during, and/or after completion of the exercise training program. Random-effects models were used to aggregate a mean effect size (ES) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and identify potential moderators.

Results

Seventy-two randomized controlled trials met the inclusion criteria and resulted in 107 effects (n = 3826). The mean ES of 0.24 (95% CI 0.16–0.32, p < 0.0001) indicated a decrease in leptin following an exercise training program. A decrease in %Fat (β = − 0.07, p < 0.01) was associated with a decrease in leptin after accounting for the type of control group (β = − 0.38, p < 0.0001) used in each study.

Conclusion

These results suggest that engaging in chronic exercise training (≥ 2 weeks) is associated with a decrease in leptin levels for individuals regardless of age and sex. However, a greater decrease in leptin occurred with a decreased percentage of body fat.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
The Effect of Chronic Exercise Training on Leptin: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors
Michael V. Fedewa
Elizabeth D. Hathaway
Christie L. Ward-Ritacco
Tyler D. Williams
Ward C. Dobbs
Publication date
01-06-2018
Publisher
Springer International Publishing
Published in
Sports Medicine / Issue 6/2018
Print ISSN: 0112-1642
Electronic ISSN: 1179-2035
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-018-0897-1

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