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Infectious Diseases and Therapy
Published in: Infectious Diseases and Therapy 2/2017

Open Access 01-06-2017 | Review

The Burden and Long-term Respiratory Morbidity Associated with Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in Early Childhood

Authors: Brigitte Fauroux, Eric A. F. Simões, Paul A. Checchia, Bosco Paes, Josep Figueras-Aloy, Paolo Manzoni, Louis Bont, Xavier Carbonell-Estrany

Published in: Infectious Diseases and Therapy | Issue 2/2017

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Abstract

Introduction

The REGAL (RSV Evidence—a Geographical Archive of the Literature) series provide a comprehensive review of the published evidence in the field of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in Western countries over the last 20 years. The objective of this fifth publication was to determine the long-term respiratory morbidity associated with RSV lower respiratory tract infection (RSV LRTI) in early life.

Methods

A systematic review was undertaken for articles published between January 1, 1995 and December 31, 2015. This was supplemented by inclusion of papers published whilst drafting the manuscript. Studies reporting data on the incidence and long-term wheezing and asthma following RSV LRTI in early life were included. Study quality and strength of evidence (SOE) were graded using recognized criteria.

Results

A total of 2337 studies were identified of which 74 were included. Prospective, epidemiologic studies consistently demonstrated that RSV LRTI is a significant risk factor for on-going respiratory morbidity characterized by transient early wheezing and recurrent wheezing and asthma within the first decade of life and possibly into adolescence and adulthood (high SOE). RSV LRTI was also associated with impaired lung function in these children (high SOE). Respiratory morbidity has been shown to result in reduced quality of life and increased healthcare resource use (moderate SOE). The mechanisms through which RSV contributes to wheezing/asthma development are not fully understood, but appear to relate to the viral injury, preexisting abnormal lung function and/or other factors that predispose to wheezing/asthma, including genetic susceptibility, altered immunology, eosinophilia, and associated risk factors such as exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (high SOE).

Conclusion

There is growing evidence that RSV LRTI in early childhood is associated with long-term wheezing and asthma and impaired lung function. Future research should aim to fully elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms through which RSV causes recurrent wheezing/asthma.
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Metadata
Title
The Burden and Long-term Respiratory Morbidity Associated with Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in Early Childhood
Authors
Brigitte Fauroux
Eric A. F. Simões
Paul A. Checchia
Bosco Paes
Josep Figueras-Aloy
Paolo Manzoni
Louis Bont
Xavier Carbonell-Estrany
Publication date
01-06-2017
Publisher
Springer Healthcare
Published in
Infectious Diseases and Therapy / Issue 2/2017
Print ISSN: 2193-8229
Electronic ISSN: 2193-6382
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40121-017-0151-4

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