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01-03-2020 | Sleep Apnea | Metabolism (M Dalamaga, Section Editor)

Sleep Apnea, Obesity, and Disturbed Glucose Homeostasis: Epidemiologic Evidence, Biologic Insights, and Therapeutic Strategies

Authors: Gabriella Pugliese, Luigi Barrea, Daniela Laudisio, Ciro Salzano, Sara Aprano, Annamaria Colao, Silvia Savastano, Giovanna Muscogiuri

Published in: Current Obesity Reports | Issue 1/2020

Abstract

Purpose of Review

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), obesity, and disturbed glucose homeostasis are usually considered distinct clinical condition, although they are tightly related to each other. The aim of our manuscript is to provide an overview of the current evidence on OSA, obesity, and disturbed glucose homeostasis providing epidemiologic evidence, biological insights, and therapeutic strategies.

Recent Findings

The mechanisms hypothesized to be involved in this complex interplay are the following: (1) “direct weight-dependent” mechanisms, according to which fat excess compromises respiratory mechanics, and (2) “indirect weight-dependent” mechanisms such as hyperglycemia, insulin resistance and secondary hyperinsulinemia, leptin resistance and other hormonal dysregulations frequently found in subjects with obesity, type 2 diabetes, and/or sleep disorders. Moreover, the treatment of each of these clinical conditions, through weight loss induced by diet or bariatric surgery, the use of anti-obesity or antidiabetic drugs, and continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), seems to positively influence the others.

Summary

These recent data suggest not only that there are multiple connections among these diseases but also that treating one of them may result in an improvement of the others.

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Title: Sleep Apnea, Obesity, and Disturbed Glucose Homeostasis: Epidemiologic Evidence, Biologic Insights, and Therapeutic Strategies
Authors: Gabriella Pugliese
Luigi Barrea
Daniela Laudisio
Ciro Salzano
Sara Aprano
Annamaria Colao
Silvia Savastano
Giovanna Muscogiuri
Publication date: 01-03-2020
Publisher: Springer US
Keywords: Sleep Apnea
Obesity
Obesity
Insulins
Hyperglycemia
Diabetes
Insulins
Type 2 Diabetes
Published in: Current Obesity Reports / Issue 1/2020
Electronic ISSN: 2162-4968
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13679-020-00369-y

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Highlights from the ACC 2024 Congress

Year in Review: Pediatric cardiology

Pediatric Cardiology Video

Watch Dr. Anne Marie Valente present the last year's highlights in pediatric and congenital heart disease in the official ACC.24 Year in Review session.

Year in Review: Pulmonary vascular disease

Cardiopulmonary Comorbidity Video

The last year's highlights in pulmonary vascular disease are presented by Dr. Jane Leopold in this official video from ACC.24.

Year in Review: Valvular heart disease

Valvular Heart Disease Video

Watch Prof. William Zoghbi present the last year's highlights in valvular heart disease from the official ACC.24 Year in Review session.

Year in Review: Heart failure and cardiomyopathies

Heart Failure Video

Watch this official video from ACC.24. Dr. Biykem Bozkurt discuss last year's major advances in heart failure and cardiomyopathies.

ACC 2024 Congress Coverage

Year in Review: Heart failure and cardiomyopathies

Heart Failure Video

Watch this official video from ACC.24. Dr. Biykem Bozkurt discuss last year's major advances in heart failure and cardiomyopathies.

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Semaglutide benefits people with type 2 diabetes and obesity-related heart failure

16-04-2024 Type 2 Diabetes News

Incentivised to exercise

11-04-2024 Lifestyle Modifications News

New intervention for STEMI-related cardiogenic shock

10-04-2024 Myocardial Infarction News

» View more highlights on the ACC 2024 congress hub page

Image Credits

STEP AAG HeroTeaserCollection image/© Tarek / Generated with AI / Stock.adobe.com, ACC 2024 Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease: Year in Review/© 2024 American College of Cardiology, ACC 2024 Pulmonary Vascular Disease: Year in Review/© 2024 American College of Cardiology, ACC 2024 Valvular Heart Disease: Year in Review/© 2024 American College of Cardiology, ACC 2024 HF and Cardiomyopathies: Year in Review/© 2024 American College of Cardiology, Woman out walking/© Seventyfour / stock.adobe.com (symbolic image with model), Woman checking smartwatch /© saltdium / stock.adobe.com (symbolic image with model), Cardiac catheterization/© Damian / stock.adobe.com