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Tumor Biology
Published in: Tumor Biology 7/2014

01-07-2014 | Review

Focus on genetic and epigenetic events of colorectal cancer pathogenesis: implications for molecular diagnosis

Authors: Federica Zoratto, Luigi Rossi, Monica Verrico, Anselmo Papa, Enrico Basso, Angelo Zullo, Luigi Tomao, Adriana Romiti, Giuseppe Lo Russo, Silverio Tomao

Published in: Tumor Biology | Issue 7/2014

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Abstract

Originally, colorectal cancer (CRC) tumorigenesis was understood as a multistep process that involved accumulation of tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes mutations, such as APC, TP53 and KRAS. However, this assumption proposed a relatively limited repertoire of genetic alterations. In the last decade, there have been major advances in knowledge of multiple molecular pathways involved in CRC pathogenesis, particularly regarding cytogenetic and epigenetic events. Microsatellite instability, chromosomal instability and CpG island methylator phenotype are the most analyzed cytogenetic changes, while DNA methylation, modifications in histone proteins and microRNAs (miRNAs) were analyzed in the field of epigenetic alterations. Therefore, CRC development results from interactions at many levels between genetic and epigenetic amendments. Furthermore, hereditary cancer syndrome and individual or environmental risk factors should not be ignored. The difficulties in this setting are addressed to understand the molecular basis of individual susceptibility to CRC and to determine the roles of genetic and epigenetic alterations, in order to yield more effective prevention strategies in CRC patients and directing their treatment. This review summarizes the most investigated biomolecular pathways involved in CRC pathogenesis, their role as biomarkers for early CRC diagnosis and their possible use to stratify susceptible patients into appropriate screening or surveillance programs.
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Metadata
Title
Focus on genetic and epigenetic events of colorectal cancer pathogenesis: implications for molecular diagnosis
Authors
Federica Zoratto
Luigi Rossi
Monica Verrico
Anselmo Papa
Enrico Basso
Angelo Zullo
Luigi Tomao
Adriana Romiti
Giuseppe Lo Russo
Silverio Tomao
Publication date
01-07-2014
Publisher
Springer Netherlands
Published in
Tumor Biology / Issue 7/2014
Print ISSN: 1010-4283
Electronic ISSN: 1423-0380
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13277-014-1845-9

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Influence of different hypoxia models on metastatic potential of SGC-7901 gastric cancer cells
Webinar | 19-02-2024 | 17:30 (CET)

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on antibody–drug conjugates in cancer

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Antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) are novel agents that have shown promise across multiple tumor types. Explore the current landscape of ADCs in breast and lung cancer with our experts, and gain insights into the mechanism of action, key clinical trials data, existing challenges, and future directions.

Dr. Véronique Diéras
Prof. Fabrice Barlesi
Developed by: Springer Medicine
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