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The journal of nutrition, health & aging
Published in: The journal of nutrition, health & aging 4/2019

01-04-2019

Regulation of Amino Acid Transporters and Sensors in Response to a High protein Diet: A Randomized Controlled Trial in Elderly Men

Authors: N. Zeng, U. Prodhan, R. F. d’Souza, F. Ramzan, S. M. Mitchell, P. Sharma, S. O. Knowles, N. C. Roy, A. Sjödin, K.-H. Wagner, A. M. Milan, D. Cameron-Smith, Cameron J. Mitchell

Published in: The journal of nutrition, health & aging | Issue 4/2019

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Abstract

Background

The mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) is fundamental for many cellular processes, yet it is often dysregulated with aging. Increased amino acid (AA) availability is correlated with the expression of AA transporters (AAT) and mTORC1 activity. Although many AA sensors and mediators have been proposed to relay the AA signal to mTORC1, it has not yet been determined if chronic dietary intervention affects the expression of AAT, sensors and mediators and their relationships with mTORC1 activity.

Objective and Design

This study investigated whether the consumption of a diet containing either the current recommended daily allowance (RDA) of protein intake (0.8 g/kg/d) or twice the RDA (2RDA) for ten weeks affected the expression of targets associated with AA transport, sensing and mTORC1 regulation in 26 older men (70-81 years).

Method

Muscle biopsies were collected before and after the intervention under fasting conditions. Diets were controlled by providing fully prepared meals and snacks. Western blot and quantitative polymerase chain reaction were used to measure protein and gene expression respectively.

Results

Consumption of 2RDA reduced the protein expression of L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1). However, plasma leucine concentration and basal mTORC1 activity were unaltered. The downregulation of LAT1 did not affect the expression of AA sensors and mediators, including leucyl tRNA synthetase (LRS), cytosolic arginine sensor for mTORC1 (CASTOR1), Sestrin2 and Rag proteins. Instead, total ribosomal protein S6 (RPS6) was upregulated with 2RDA.

Conclusion

Ten weeks of 2RDA diet did not affect the fasting mTORC1 signaling, but increased total RPS6 might suggest improved muscular translational capacity to maintain muscular mass.
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Metadata
Title
Regulation of Amino Acid Transporters and Sensors in Response to a High protein Diet: A Randomized Controlled Trial in Elderly Men
Authors
N. Zeng
U. Prodhan
R. F. d’Souza
F. Ramzan
S. M. Mitchell
P. Sharma
S. O. Knowles
N. C. Roy
A. Sjödin
K.-H. Wagner
A. M. Milan
D. Cameron-Smith
Cameron J. Mitchell
Publication date
01-04-2019
Publisher
Springer Paris
Published in
The journal of nutrition, health & aging / Issue 4/2019
Print ISSN: 1279-7707
Electronic ISSN: 1760-4788
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12603-019-1171-4

Other articles of this Issue 4/2019

The journal of nutrition, health & aging 4/2019 Go to the issue

OriginalPaper

Overwhelming Underuse of Bisphosphonates in French Nursing Home Residents After Proximal Femoral Fracture

Letter to the Editor

Insufficient Reporting of Randomization Procedures and Unexplained Unequal Allocation: A Commentary on “Dairy-Based and Energy-Enriched Berry-Based Snacks Improve or Maintain Nutritional and Functional Status in Older People in Home Care”

OriginalPaper

Association Between Orthostatic Hypotension and Frailty in Hospitalized Older Patients: A Geriatric Syndrome More Than a Cardiovascular Condition

OriginalPaper

Effectiveness of Cardiovascular Evaluations and Interventions on Fall Risk: A Scoping Review

Letter to the Editor

Case for Validated Instead of Standard Cut-Offs for SARC-CalF

OriginalPaper

The Effect of Branched Chain Amino Acids-Enriched Nutritional Supplements on Activities of Daily Living and Muscle Mass in Inpatients with Gait Impairments: A Randomized Controlled Trial

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