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Annals of Nuclear Medicine
Published in: Annals of Nuclear Medicine 4/2019

Open Access 01-04-2019 | Original Article

18F-FDG and 11C-choline uptake in proliferating tumor cells is dependent on the cell cycle in vitro

Authors: Motoi Roppongi, Mitsuru Izumisawa, Kazunori Terasaki, Yasushi Muraki, Masanori Shozushima

Published in: Annals of Nuclear Medicine | Issue 4/2019

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Abstract

Objective

Among different PET tracers, 18F-fludeoxyglucose (FDG) and 11C-choline are known to have a high tumor uptake correlated with a high mitotic index of tumor cells. Thus, the uptake of 18F-FDG and 11C-choline may be dependent on the cell cycle. In the present study, we examined the uptake of 18F-FDG and 11C-choline in cancer cell lines by cell cycle synchronization to clarify the biological properties of cancer cells with respect to each tracer.

Methods

HeLa S3 Cells were synchronized by the double thymidine (TdR) block methods. 18F-FDG and 11C-choline were administered to synchronized cells, and the radioactivity per cell was measured to compare the cellular uptake of the tracers during S, G2/M, and G1 phases. Flow cytometry (FCM) was performed to measure the proportion of cells in G1, S, and G2/M phases. Furthermore, the levels of glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) and choline transporter-like protein 1 (CTL1) in the cell were evaluated by FCM.

Results

The uptake of 18F-FDG was the highest in S to G2/M phases, and markedly decreased in G1 phase. The uptake of 11C-choline reached its peak in G2/M, and decreased in G1 phase. The level of GLUT1 expression was similar to that of 18F-FDG uptake during the cell cycle, and the level of CTL1 expression was similar to that of 11C-choline uptake throughout the cell cycle.

Conclusions

In this in vitro study, we demonstrated that 18F-FDG and 11C-choline had the highest uptake in S to G2/M phases and in G2/M phase, respectively, with a rapid decrease in G1 phase. These findings suggest that 18F-FDG and 11C-choline have a high accumulation in tumor cells with a high mitotic index. Furthermore, our study suggests that the expression of GLUT1 and CTL1 has cell cycle dependence, and the changes of 18F-FDG and 11C-choline accumulation seem to be caused by the above properties of these transporters.
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Metadata
Title
18F-FDG and 11C-choline uptake in proliferating tumor cells is dependent on the cell cycle in vitro
Authors
Motoi Roppongi
Mitsuru Izumisawa
Kazunori Terasaki
Yasushi Muraki
Masanori Shozushima
Publication date
01-04-2019
Publisher
Springer Singapore
Published in
Annals of Nuclear Medicine / Issue 4/2019
Print ISSN: 0914-7187
Electronic ISSN: 1864-6433
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12149-018-01325-6

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