Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress 2023 EHA Congress 2023 ASCO Annual Meeting
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on sleep in brain health

LIVE: Thursday 2nd May 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)

Quality sleep is essential for health. But what happens to our brains when sleep patterns are disturbed? Join our experts to explore the interplay between sleep disruption and neurological diseases, and the questions that you need to be asking your patients to help you prevent the harmful effects of sleep deprivation.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
Immunologic Research
Published in: Immunologic Research 3/2017

01-06-2017 | Original Article

Immunoprophylaxis of multi-antigen peptide (MAP) vaccine for human lymphatic filariasis

Authors: Christiana Immanuel, Aparnaa Ramanathan, Malathi Balasubramaniyan, Vishal Kishor Khatri, Nitin Purushottam Amdare, Donthamsetty Nageswara Rao, Maryada Venkata Rami Reddy, Kaliraj Perumal

Published in: Immunologic Research | Issue 3/2017

Login to get access

Abstract

Human lymphatic filariasis, the parasitic disease caused by the filarial nematodes Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi, and Brugia timori, is ranked as the second most complex clinical condition leading to permanent and long-term disability. The multiple antigen peptide (MAP) approach is an effective method to chemically synthesize and deliver multiple T and B cell epitopes as the constituents of a single immunogen. Here, we report on the design, chemical synthesis, and immunoprophylaxis of three epitopes that have been identified from promising vaccine candidates reported in our previous studies, constructed as MAP on an inert lysine core for human lymphatic filariasis in Jird model. Two epitopes from Thioredoxin and one epitope from Transglutaminase were constructed as MAP in an inert lysine core. The immunoprophylaxis of the synthetic vaccine construct studied in Jird models showed protective antibody (1 in 64,000 titer) and cellular immune response. Thioredoxin-Transglutaminase MAP (TT MAP) conferred a significantly high protection of 63.04% compared to control (8.5%). Multi-antigen peptide vaccine is one best approach to provide immunity against multiple antigens delivered by the complex filarial parasite.
Literature
1.
Hotez PJ, Molyneux DH, Fenwick A, Kumaresan J, Sonia Ehrlich Sachs PH, Sachs JD, et al. Control of neglected tropical diseases. N Engl J Med. 2007;357:1018–27.CrossRefPubMed
2.
Ghedin E, Wang S, Spiro D, Caler E, Zhao Q, Crabtree J, et al. Draft Genome of the Filarial Nematode Parasite Brugia malayi. Science. 2007;317(5845):1756–60. doi:10.​1126/​science.​1145406.
3.
Knox DP. Parasite vaccines: recent progress in, and problems associated with their development. The Open Infectious diseases journal. 2010;4:63–73.
4.
Ravindran B, Satapathy AK, Sahoo PK, Mohanty MC. Protective immunity in human lymphatic filariasis: problems and prospects. Med Microbiol Immunol. 2003;192(1):41–6.PubMed
5.
Madhumathi J, Prabhu PR, Anugraha G, Kiran P, Rao DN, Reddy MVR, et al. Identification and characterization of nematode specific protective epitopes of Brugia malayi TRX towards development of synthetic vaccine construct for lymphatic filariasis. Vaccine. 2010;28:5038–48.CrossRefPubMed
6.
Maizels R, Blaxter M, Scott A. Immunological genomics of Brugia malayi: filarial genes implicated in immune evasion and protective immunity. Parasite Immunol. 2001;23:327–44.CrossRefPubMed
7.
8.
9.
Chandrashekar R, Mehta K. Transglutaminase-catalyzed reactions in the growth, maturation and development of parasitic nematodes. Parasitol Today. 2000;16:1.CrossRef
10.
Devarajan E, Mishra PK, Thirugnanam S, Mehta K, Chandrashekar R, Perumal K. Molecular characterization of Brugia malayi transglutaminase. Parasitol Res. 2004;93:145–50.CrossRefPubMed
11.
Uma V, Vivek P, Prabhu PR, Gajalakshmi D, Reddy MV, Kaliraj P. Evaluation of immunoprophylactic efficacy of Brugia malayi transglutaminase (BmTGA) in single and multiple antigen vaccination with BmALT-2 and BmTPX for human lymphatic filariasis. AmJTrop Med Hyg. 2009;80(2):319–24.
12.
Nardin EH, Mauricio Calvo-Calle J, Oliveira GA, Nussenzweig RS, Schneider M, Tiercy J, et al. A totally synthetic polyoxime malaria vaccine containing plasmodium falciparum B cell and universal T cell epitopes elicits immune responses in volunteers of diverse HLA types. J Immunol. 2001;166:481–9. doi:10.​4049/​jimmunol.​166.​1.​481.CrossRefPubMed
13.
Fujita Y, Taguchi H. Current status of multiple antigen-presenting peptide vaccine systems: application of organic and inorganic nanoparticles. Chemistry Central Journal. 2011;5:48.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
14.
Vil ar MM, Barrientos F, Almeida M, Thaumaturgo N, Simpson A, Garratt R, et al. An experimental bivalent peptide vaccine against schistosomiasis and fascioliasis. Vaccine. 2003;22(1):137–44.CrossRef
15.
Mahajan B, Berzofsky JA, Boykins RA, Majam V, Zheng H, Chattopadhyay R, et al. Multiple antigen peptide vaccines against plasmodium falciparum malaria. Infect Immun. 2010;4613–4624. doi:10.​1128/​IAI.​00533-10.
16.
Saha S, Raghava GPS. BcePred: prediction of continuous B-Cell epitopes in antigenic sequences using physico-chemical properties. In: Nicosia G, Cutello V, Bentley PJ, Timmis J, editors. Artificial immune systems. ICARIS 2004. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 3239. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2004.
17.
Peters B, Sidney J, Bourne P, Bui HH, Buus S, Doh G. The design and implementation of the immune epitope data base and analysis resource. Immunogenetics. 2005;57(5):326–36.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
18.
Singh H, Raghava GPS. ProPred: prediction of HLA-DR binding sites. Bioinformatics. 2001;17(12):1236–7.CrossRefPubMed
19.
Zhang GL, Srinivasan KN, Veeramani A, August JT, Brusic V. PREDBALB/c: a system for the prediction of peptide binding to H2d molecules, a haplotype of the BALB/c mouse. Nucleic Acids Res. 2005;33:W180–3.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
20.
Rao KV, Eswaran M, Ravi V, Gnanasekhar B, Narayanan RB, Kaliraj P. The Wuchereria bancrofti orthologue of Brugia malayi SXP1 and the diagnosis of bancroftian filariasis. Mol Biochem Parasitol. 2000;107:71–80.CrossRefPubMed
21.
Lalitha P, Ravichandran M, Suba KP, Narayanan RB, Kunthala J. Quantitative assessment of circulating antigens in human lymphatic filariasis: a field evaluation of monoclonal antibody-based ELISA using blood collected on filter strips. Tropical Med Int Health. 1998;3:41–5.CrossRef
22.
Suzuki T, Seregeg IG. A mass dissection technique for determining infectivity rate of filariasis vectors. Jpn J Exp Med. 1979;49:117–21.PubMed
23.
Sänger I, Lämmler G, Kimmiq P. Filarial infections of Ma stomys natalensis and their relevance for experimental chemotherapy. Acta Trop. 1981;38:277–88.PubMed
24.
Houweling TA, Van Pelt FG. A simple method for producing a monospecific antiserum against IgM. J Immunol Methods. 1975;8:1–8.CrossRefPubMed
25.
Chandrashekar R, Rao UR, Parab PB, Subrahmanyam D. Brugia malayi: serum dependent cell-mediated reactions to microfilariae. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 1985;16:15–21.PubMed
26.
Moskwa B. Trichinella spiralis: in vitro cytotoxicity of peritoneal cells against synchronous newborn larvae of different age. Parasitol Res. 1999;85:59–63.CrossRefPubMed
27.
Abraham D, Lange AM, Yutanawiboonchai W, Trpis M, Dickerson JW, Swenson B. Survival and development of larval Onchocerca volvulus in diffusion chambers implanted in primate and rodent hosts. J Parasitol. 1993;79(4):571–82.CrossRefPubMed
28.
Gnanasekar M, Rao KV, He YX, Mishra PK, Nutman TB, Kaliraj P. Novel phage display-based subtractive screening to identify vaccine candidates of Brugia malayi. Infect Immun. 2004;72(8):4707–15.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
29.
Uma V, Prabhu PR, Vivek P, Gajalakshmi D, Reddy MV, Perumal K. Immune responses generated by intramuscular DNA immunization of Brugia malayi transglutaminase (BmTGA) in mice. Parasitology. 2009;136(8):887–94.CrossRef
30.
LoVerde PT. Do antioxidants play a role in schistosome host–pa rasite interactions? Parasitol Today. 1998;14(7):284–28.CrossRefPubMed
31.
LoVerde PT, Carvalho-Queiroz C, Cook R. Vaccination with antioxidant enzymes confers protective immunity against challenge infection with Schistosoma mansoni. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2004;99(Suppl. I):37–43.CrossRefPubMed
32.
King CL, Nutman TB. Regulation of the immune response in lymphatic filariasis and onchocerciasis. Immunol Today. 1991;12(3):54–8.CrossRef
33.
Hoerauf A, Satoguina J, Saeftel M, Specht S. Immunomodulation by filarial nematodes. Parasite Immunol. 2005;27(10–11):417–29.CrossRefPubMed
34.
Madhumathi J, Anugraha G, Prabhu PR, Pradiba D, Kaliraj P. Proliferative responses of Brugia malayi TPX-1 and its epitopic peptide in an endemic population of human lymphatic filariasis. Microbes Infect. 2011; 602–607.
35.
Thirugnanam S, Pandiaraja P, Ramaswamy K, Murugan V, Gnanasekar M, Nandakumar K, et al. Brugia malayi: comparison of protective immune responses induced by Bm-alt-2 DNA, recombinant Bm-ALT-2 protein and prime-boost vaccine regimens in a jird model. Exp Parasitol. 2007;116:483–91.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
36.
Srinivasan KN, Brusic V, August JT. New technologies for vaccine development. Drug Dev Res. 2004;62:383–92.CrossRef
37.
Bhargavi R, Ramalingam T, Rajan TV. Critical role for IgM in host protection in experimental filarial infection. J Immunol. 2005;175:1827–33.CrossRef
38.
39.
Nutman TB, Kumaraswami V. Regulation of the immune response in lymphatic filariasis: perspectives on acute and chronic infection with Wuchereria bancrofti in South India. Parasite Immunol. 2001;23:389–99.CrossRefPubMed
40.
Volkmann L, Saeftel M, Bain O, Fischer K, Fleischer B, Hoerauf A. Interleukin-4 is essential for the control of microfilariae in murine infection with the filaria Litomosoides sigmodontis. Infect Immun. 2001;69(5):2950–6.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
41.
Volkmann L, Bain O, Saeftel M, Specht S, Fischer K, Brombacher F, et al. Murine filariasis: interleukin 4 and interleukin 5 lead to containment of different worm developmental stages. Med Microbiol Immunol. 2003;192(1):23–31.PubMed
42.
Martin C, Al-Qaoud KM, Ungeheuer MN, Paehle K, Vuong PN. IL-5 is essential for vaccine-induced protection and for resolution of primary infection in murine filariasis. Med Microbiol Immunol. 2000;189(2):67–74.CrossRefPubMed
43.
Martin C, Le Goff L, Ungeheuer M-N, Vuong PN and Bain O. Drastic reduction of a filarial infection in eosinophilic interleukin-5 transgenic mice. Infect Immun. 2000;3651–3656.
44.
Chandrashekar R, Tsuji N, Morales T, Ozols V, Mehta K. An ERp60-like protein from the filarial parasite Dirofilaria immitis has both transglutaminase and protein disulfide isomerase activity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998;95:531–6.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
45.
Blasko B, Madi A, Fesus L. Thioredoxin motif of Caenorhabditis elegans PDI-3 provides Cys and His catalytic residues for transglutaminase activity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2003;303:1142–7.CrossRefPubMed
46.
Babu S, Blauvelt CP, Kumaraswami V, Nutman TB. Diminished expression and function of TLR in lymphatic filariasis: a novel mechanism of immune dysregulation. J Immunol. 2005;175:1170–6.CrossRefPubMed
Metadata
Title
Immunoprophylaxis of multi-antigen peptide (MAP) vaccine for human lymphatic filariasis
Authors
Christiana Immanuel
Aparnaa Ramanathan
Malathi Balasubramaniyan
Vishal Kishor Khatri
Nitin Purushottam Amdare
Donthamsetty Nageswara Rao
Maryada Venkata Rami Reddy
Kaliraj Perumal
Publication date
01-06-2017
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Immunologic Research / Issue 3/2017
Print ISSN: 0257-277X
Electronic ISSN: 1559-0755
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12026-017-8911-5

Other articles of this Issue 3/2017

Immunologic Research 3/2017 Go to the issue

Original Article

Individualized correction of insulin measurement in hemolyzed serum samples

Original Article

NLRP3 inflammasome activation regulated by NF-κB and DAPK contributed to paraquat-induced acute kidney injury

Original Article

Retrospective analysis of 55 twin neonates with haemolytic disease of the newborn

Original Article

Validation of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the quantification of citrullinated histone H3 as a marker for neutrophil extracellular traps in human plasma

Original Article

Glycyrrhizin ameliorates experimental colitis through attenuating interleukin-17-producing T cell responses via regulating antigen-presenting cells

Original Article

The distribution and function of human memory T cell subsets in lung cancer