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NeuroMolecular Medicine
Published in: NeuroMolecular Medicine 4/2008

01-12-2008 | Review Paper

Mitochondrial Medicine for Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases

Author: P. Hemachandra Reddy

Published in: NeuroMolecular Medicine | Issue 4/2008

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Abstract

Mitochondria are key cytoplasmic organelles, responsible for generating cellular energy, regulating intracellular calcium levels, altering the reduction-oxidation potential of cells, and regulating cell death. Increasing evidence suggests that mitochondria play a central role in aging and in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Freidriech ataxia. Further, several lines of evidence suggest that mitochondrial dysfunction is an early event in most late-onset neurodegenerative diseases. Biochemical and animal model studies of inherited neurodegenerative diseases have revealed that mutant proteins of these diseases are associated with mitochondria. Mutant proteins are reported to block the transport of nuclear-encoded mitochondrial proteins to mitochondria, interact with mitochondrial proteins and disrupt the electron transport chain, induce free radicals, cause mitochondrial dysfunction, and, ultimately, damage neurons. This article discusses critical issues of mitochondria causing dysfunction in aging and neurodegenerative diseases, and discusses the potential of developing mitochondrial medicine, particularly mitochondrially targeted antioxidants, to treat aging and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Metadata
Title
Mitochondrial Medicine for Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases
Author
P. Hemachandra Reddy
Publication date
01-12-2008
Publisher
Humana Press Inc
Published in
NeuroMolecular Medicine / Issue 4/2008
Print ISSN: 1535-1084
Electronic ISSN: 1559-1174
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12017-008-8044-z

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