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Current Rheumatology Reports
Published in: Current Rheumatology Reports 4/2018

01-04-2018 | Scleroderma (J Varga, Section Editor)

Macrophages, Wound Healing, and Fibrosis: Recent Insights

Authors: Kate S. Smigiel, William C. Parks

Published in: Current Rheumatology Reports | Issue 4/2018

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Abstract

Purpose of Review

Macrophages are central players in the immune response following tissue injury. These cells perform many functions, and the changing tissue microenvironment during injury shapes macrophage phenotype down a variety of polarized pathways. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the roles of macrophages during different stages of tissue injury, repair, and—if repair is not achieved—fibrosis.

Recent Findings

Macrophages present early in inflammation are functionally distinct from those at later stages. The predominant macrophage phenotype must transition from pro-inflammatory to pro-reparative to facilitate wound healing and scar resolution. If macrophages fail to acquire a tissue-healing phenotype, dysregulated signals can be drivers of disease processes, such as sustained, exuberant inflammation—as occurs in arthropathies—and fibrosis.

Summary

Comprehensive understanding of the roles of specific macrophage populations at different stages of the repair process will support the development of immune-targeted therapies for diseases such as fibrosis.
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Metadata
Title
Macrophages, Wound Healing, and Fibrosis: Recent Insights
Authors
Kate S. Smigiel
William C. Parks
Publication date
01-04-2018
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Current Rheumatology Reports / Issue 4/2018
Print ISSN: 1523-3774
Electronic ISSN: 1534-6307
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11926-018-0725-5

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