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Current Osteoporosis Reports
Published in: Current Osteoporosis Reports 4/2018

01-08-2018 | Craniofacial Skeleton (WE Roberts, Section Editor)

Part I: Development and Physiology of the Temporomandibular Joint

Authors: David L. Stocum, W. Eugene Roberts

Published in: Current Osteoporosis Reports | Issue 4/2018

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Abstract

Purpose of Review

Investigate the developmental physiology of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), a unique articulation between the cranium and the mandible.

Recent Findings

Principal regulatory factors for TMJ and disc development are Indian hedgehog (IHH) and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP-2). The mechanism is closely associated with ear morphogenesis. Secondary condylar cartilage emerges as a subperiosteal blastema on the medial surface of the posterior mandible. The condylar articular surface is immunoreactive for tenascin-C, so it is a modified fibrous periosteum with an underlying proliferative zone (cambrium layer) that differentiates into fibrocartilage. The latter cushions high loads and subsequently produces endochondral bone. The TMJ is a heavily loaded joint with three cushioning layers of fibrocartilage in the disc, as well as in subarticular zones in the fossa and mandibular condyle.

Summary

The periosteal articular surface produces fibrocartilage to resist heavy loads, and has unique healing and adaptive properties for maintaining life support functions under adverse environmental conditions.
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Metadata
Title
Part I: Development and Physiology of the Temporomandibular Joint
Authors
David L. Stocum
W. Eugene Roberts
Publication date
01-08-2018
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Current Osteoporosis Reports / Issue 4/2018
Print ISSN: 1544-1873
Electronic ISSN: 1544-2241
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11914-018-0447-7

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Part II: Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ)—Regeneration, Degeneration, and Adaptation