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Current Osteoporosis Reports

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01-06-2018 | Biomechanics (G Niebur and J Wallace, Section Editors)

The Role of Matrix Composition in the Mechanical Behavior of Bone

Authors: Mustafa Unal, Amy Creecy, Jeffry S. Nyman

Published in: Current Osteoporosis Reports | Issue 3/2018

Abstract

Purpose of Review

While thinning of the cortices or trabeculae weakens bone, age-related changes in matrix composition also lower fracture resistance. This review summarizes how the organic matrix, mineral phase, and water compartments influence the mechanical behavior of bone, thereby identifying characteristics important to fracture risk.

Recent Findings

In the synthesis of the organic matrix, tropocollagen experiences various post-translational modifications that facilitate a highly organized fibril of collagen I with a preferred orientation giving bone extensibility and several toughening mechanisms. Being a ceramic, mineral is brittle but increases the strength of bone as its content within the organic matrix increases. With time, hydroxyapatite-like crystals experience carbonate substitutions, the consequence of which remains to be understood. Water participates in hydrogen bonding with organic matrix and in electrostatic attractions with mineral phase, thereby providing stability to collagen-mineral interface and ductility to bone.

Summary

Clinical tools sensitive to age- and disease-related changes in matrix composition that the affect mechanical behavior of bone could potentially improve fracture risk assessment.

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Title: The Role of Matrix Composition in the Mechanical Behavior of Bone
Authors: Mustafa Unal
Amy Creecy
Jeffry S. Nyman
Publication date: 01-06-2018
Publisher: Springer US
Published in: Current Osteoporosis Reports / Issue 3/2018
Print ISSN: 1544-1873
Electronic ISSN: 1544-2241
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11914-018-0433-0

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The Role of Matrix Composition in the Mechanical Behavior of Bone

Abstract

Purpose of Review

Recent Findings

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Abstract

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