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Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports

Published in:

01-09-2021 | Long-COVID Syndrome | Neurology of Systemic Diseases (J. Biller, Section Editor)

The Neurological Manifestations of Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Authors: Narges Moghimi, Mario Di Napoli, José Biller, James E. Siegler, Rahul Shekhar, Louise D. McCullough, Michelle S. Harkins, Emily Hong, Danielle A. Alaouieh, Gelsomina Mansueto, Afshin A. Divani

Published in: Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports | Issue 9/2021

Abstract

Purpose of Review

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is a global health challenge. This review aims to summarize the incidence, risk factors, possible pathophysiology, and proposed management of neurological manifestations of post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) or neuro-PASC based on the published literature.

Recent Findings

The National Institutes of Health has noted that PASC is a multi-organ disorder ranging from mild symptoms to an incapacitating state that can last for weeks or longer following recovery from initial infection with SARS-CoV-2. Various pathophysiological mechanisms have been proposed as the culprit for the development of PASC. These include, but are not limited to, direct or indirect invasion of the virus into the brain, immune dysregulation, hormonal disturbances, elevated cytokine levels due to immune reaction leading to chronic inflammation, direct tissue damage to other organs, and persistent low-grade infection. A multidisciplinary approach for the treatment of neuro-PASC will be required to diagnose and address these symptoms. Tailored rehabilitation and novel cognitive therapy protocols are as important as pharmacological treatments to treat neuro-PASC effectively.

Summary

With recognizing the growing numbers of COVID-19 patients suffering from neuro-PASC, there is an urgent need to identify affected individuals early to provide the most appropriate and efficient treatments. Awareness among the general population and health care professionals about PASC is rising, and more efforts are needed to understand and treat this new emerging challenge. In this review, we summarize the relevant scientific literature about neuro-PASC.

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Title: The Neurological Manifestations of Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Authors: Narges Moghimi
Mario Di Napoli
José Biller
James E. Siegler
Rahul Shekhar
Louise D. McCullough
Michelle S. Harkins
Emily Hong
Danielle A. Alaouieh
Gelsomina Mansueto
Afshin A. Divani
Publication date: 01-09-2021
Publisher: Springer US
Keywords: Long-COVID Syndrome
SARS-CoV-2
COVID-19
Post-COVID Syndrome
Fatigue
Published in: Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports / Issue 9/2021
Print ISSN: 1528-4042
Electronic ISSN: 1534-6293
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11910-021-01130-1

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

The Neurological Manifestations of Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Abstract

Purpose of Review

Recent Findings

Summary

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Purpose of Review

Recent Findings

Summary

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