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Current Infectious Disease Reports
Published in: Current Infectious Disease Reports 10/2017

01-10-2017 | HIV/AIDS (C Yoon, Section Editor)

Primary HIV Infection: Clinical Presentation, Testing, and Treatment

Authors: Aurélia Henn, Clara Flateau, Sébastien Gallien

Published in: Current Infectious Disease Reports | Issue 10/2017

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Abstract

Purpose of Review

The purpose of this review was to provide current data on clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of primary HIV infection (PHI).

Recent Findings

In 65 to 95% of cases, PHI causes acute retroviral syndrome presenting with unspecific flu-like symptoms. Symptomatic PHI was associated with a faster clinical and immunological progression of HIV infection. Point-of-care tests remain less sensitive than fourth-generation immunoassays (IA) in PHI, especially after tenofovir-based prophylaxis use. Early antiretroviral treatment (ART) started during PHI prevents HIV transmission and decreases viral and immunological reservoir constitution. Recommended ART regimens in PHI are combinations of tenofovir and emtricitabine with either darunavir/ritonavir, or dolutegravir.

Summary

Starting ART the earliest is highly recommended for clinical, virological, immunological, and public health benefits. Reducing HIV reservoir constitution in PHI may optimize potential opportunities for future functional cure.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
Primary HIV Infection: Clinical Presentation, Testing, and Treatment
Authors
Aurélia Henn
Clara Flateau
Sébastien Gallien
Publication date
01-10-2017
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Current Infectious Disease Reports / Issue 10/2017
Print ISSN: 1523-3847
Electronic ISSN: 1534-3146
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11908-017-0588-3

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WHO estimates that half of all patients worldwide are non-adherent to their prescribed medication. The consequences of poor adherence can be catastrophic, on both the individual and population level.

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16-04-2024 Type 2 Diabetes News

Incentivised to exercise

11-04-2024 Lifestyle Modifications News

New intervention for STEMI-related cardiogenic shock

10-04-2024 Myocardial Infarction News

» View more highlights on the ACC 2024 congress hub page

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