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Current HIV/AIDS Reports
Published in: Current HIV/AIDS Reports 3/2014

01-09-2014 | Complications of Antiretroviral Therapy (JM Kilby, Section Editor)

Bone Alterations Associated with HIV

Authors: Amy H. Warriner, Michael Mugavero, E. Turner Overton

Published in: Current HIV/AIDS Reports | Issue 3/2014

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Abstract

HIV infection and initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) have been consistently associated with decreased bone mineral density (BMD), with growing evidence linking HIV to an increased risk of fracture. This is especially concerning with the expanding number of older persons living with HIV. Interestingly, recent data suggest that HIV-infected children and youth fail to achieve peak BMD, possibly increasing their lifetime risk of fracture. Elucidating the causes of the bone changes in HIV-positive persons is challenging because of the multifactorial nature of bone disease in HIV, including contribution of the virus, immunosuppression, ART toxicity, and traditional osteoporosis risk factors, such as age, lower weight, tobacco, and alcohol use. Thus, practitioners must recognize the risk of low BMD and fractures and appropriately screen patients for osteoporosis if risk factors exist. If fractures do occur or elevated fracture risk is detected through screening, treatment with bisphosphonate medications appears safe and effective in the HIV + population.
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Metadata
Title
Bone Alterations Associated with HIV
Authors
Amy H. Warriner
Michael Mugavero
E. Turner Overton
Publication date
01-09-2014
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Current HIV/AIDS Reports / Issue 3/2014
Print ISSN: 1548-3568
Electronic ISSN: 1548-3576
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11904-014-0216-x

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