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Current Gastroenterology Reports
Published in: Current Gastroenterology Reports 2/2011

01-04-2011

Cholangiocarcinoma: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, Pathogenesis, and Diagnosis

Authors: Halim Charbel, Firas H. Al-Kawas

Published in: Current Gastroenterology Reports | Issue 2/2011

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Abstract

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a rare tumor arising from the epithelium of the intrahepatic or the extrahepatic bile ducts. It is rarely diagnosed before 40 years of age except in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis. CCA is usually clinically silent until the tumor obstructs the bile ducts. Carbohydrate antigen 19-9 is the most commonly used tumor marker, and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography is the best available imaging modality for CCA. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and cholangioscopy allow tissue acquisition. Positron emission tomography may play a role in identifying occult metastases. Tissue diagnosis is obtained by brush cytology or bile duct biopsy.
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Metadata
Title
Cholangiocarcinoma: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, Pathogenesis, and Diagnosis
Authors
Halim Charbel
Firas H. Al-Kawas
Publication date
01-04-2011
Publisher
Current Science Inc.
Published in
Current Gastroenterology Reports / Issue 2/2011
Print ISSN: 1522-8037
Electronic ISSN: 1534-312X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11894-011-0178-8

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