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Current Diabetes Reports
Published in: Current Diabetes Reports 12/2018

Open Access 01-12-2018 | Genetics (AP Morris, Section Editor)

Genetics of Monogenic Diabetes: Present Clinical Challenges

Authors: Shivani Misra, Katharine R. Owen

Published in: Current Diabetes Reports | Issue 12/2018

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Abstract

Purpose of Review

Monogenic forms of diabetes have specific treatments that differ from the standard care provided for type 1 and type 2 diabetes, making the appropriate diagnosis essential. In this review, we discuss current clinical challenges that remain, including improving case-finding strategies, particularly those that have transethnic applicability, and understanding the interpretation of genetic variants as pathogenic, with clinically meaningful impacts.

Recent Findings

Biomarker approaches to the stratification for genetic testing now appear to be most effective in identifying cases of monogenic diabetes, and use of genetic risk scores may also prove useful. However, applicability in all ethnic groups is lacking. Challenges remain in the classification of genes as diabetes-causing and the interpretation of genetic variants at the clinical interface.

Summary

Since the discovery that genetic defects can cause neonatal or young-onset diabetes, multiple causal genes have been identified and there have been many advances in strategies to detect genetic forms of diabetes and their treatments. Approaches learnt from monogenic diabetes are now being translated to polygenic diabetes.
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Metadata
Title
Genetics of Monogenic Diabetes: Present Clinical Challenges
Authors
Shivani Misra
Katharine R. Owen
Publication date
01-12-2018
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Current Diabetes Reports / Issue 12/2018
Print ISSN: 1534-4827
Electronic ISSN: 1539-0829
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11892-018-1111-4

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