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Current Diabetes Reports

Published in:

01-03-2017 | Immunology, Transplantation, and Regenerative Medicine (L Piemonti and V Sordi, Section Editors)

Porcine Islet Xenografts: a Clinical Source of ß-Cell Grafts

Authors: Bassem F. Salama, Gregory S. Korbutt

Published in: Current Diabetes Reports | Issue 3/2017

Abstract

Purpose of Review

Diabetes is medical and social burden affecting millions around the world. Despite intensive therapy, insulin fails to maintain adequate glucose homeostasis and often results in episodes of hypoglycemic unawareness. Islet transplantation is a propitious replacement therapy, and incremental improvements in islet isolation and immunosuppressive drugs have made this procedure a feasible option. Shortage of donors, graft loss, and toxic immunosuppressive agents are few of many hurdles against making human allogenic islet transplantation a routine procedure.

Recent Findings

Xenografts—especially pig islets—offer a logical alternative source for islets. Current preclinical studies have revealed problems such as optimal islet source, zoonosis, and immune rejection. These issues are slowing clinical application.

Summary

Genetically modified pigs, encapsulation devices, and new immune-suppressive regimens can confer graft protection. In addition, extrahepatic transplant sites are showing promising results. Notwithstanding few approved clinical human trials, and available data from non-human primates, recent reports indicate that porcine islets are closer to be the promising solution to cure diabetes.

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Title: Porcine Islet Xenografts: a Clinical Source of ß-Cell Grafts
Authors: Bassem F. Salama
Gregory S. Korbutt
Publication date: 01-03-2017
Publisher: Springer US
Published in: Current Diabetes Reports / Issue 3/2017
Print ISSN: 1534-4827
Electronic ISSN: 1539-0829
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11892-017-0846-7

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Porcine Islet Xenografts: a Clinical Source of ß-Cell Grafts

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