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Current Diabetes Reports
Published in: Current Diabetes Reports 6/2014

01-06-2014 | Pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes and Insulin Resistance (RM Watanabe, Section Editor)

Lipotoxicity in the Pancreatic Beta Cell: Not Just Survival and Function, but Proliferation as Well?

Authors: Rohit B. Sharma, Laura C. Alonso

Published in: Current Diabetes Reports | Issue 6/2014

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Abstract

Free fatty acids (FFAs) exert both positive and negative effects on beta cell survival and insulin secretory function, depending on concentration, duration, and glucose abundance. Lipid signals are mediated not only through metabolic pathways, but also through cell surface and nuclear receptors. Toxicity is modulated by positive signals arising from circulating factors such as hormones, growth factors and incretins, as well as negative signals such as inflammatory mediators and cytokines. Intracellular mechanisms of lipotoxicity include metabolic interference and cellular stress responses such as oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and possibly autophagy. New findings strengthen an old hypothesis that lipids may also impair compensatory beta cell proliferation. Clinical observations continue to support a role for lipid biology in the risk and progression of both type 1 (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). This review summarizes recent work in this important, rapidly evolving field.
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Metadata
Title
Lipotoxicity in the Pancreatic Beta Cell: Not Just Survival and Function, but Proliferation as Well?
Authors
Rohit B. Sharma
Laura C. Alonso
Publication date
01-06-2014
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Current Diabetes Reports / Issue 6/2014
Print ISSN: 1534-4827
Electronic ISSN: 1539-0829
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11892-014-0492-2

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