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Current Colorectal Cancer Reports
Published in: Current Colorectal Cancer Reports 1/2017

01-02-2017 | Personalized Medicine in Colorectal Cancer (D Cunningham and EC Smyth, Section Editors)

Molecular Stratification of Colorectal Cancer: Moving from the Laboratory to Clinical Practice

Authors: Michael Davidson, David Cunningham

Published in: Current Colorectal Cancer Reports | Issue 1/2017

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Abstract

Purpose of Review

Colorectal cancer is increasingly recognised as a heterogeneous disease entity, and subtyping is carried out based upon clinical and pathological characteristics, individual somatic gene mutations and, more recently, gene expression profiling. This paper will discuss advances in the molecular stratification of colorectal cancer and the potential challenges and applications for real-world clinical management.

Recent Findings

Beyond the established biomarkers of RAS and BRAF mutational status, a number of rarer genetic mutations have been identified, and trials are ongoing to identify and target these effectively. Differing subtyping systems based on gene expression profiling have also been proposed which have now been integrated into four consensus molecular subtypes, and the prognostic and predictive significance of these subtypes is being investigated. Molecular subtyping is methodologically challenging, and simpler classifier systems based on immunohistochemical correlate markers have been developed which may allow for wider clinical application.

Summary

Emerging genetic biomarkers and gene expression-based molecular subtyping have increased understanding of the underlying biological complexity of colorectal cancer but have not significantly impacted upon clinical decision-making or treatment as yet. Prospective validation is required to establish their role in predicting response to existing and emerging therapies.
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Metadata
Title
Molecular Stratification of Colorectal Cancer: Moving from the Laboratory to Clinical Practice
Authors
Michael Davidson
David Cunningham
Publication date
01-02-2017
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Current Colorectal Cancer Reports / Issue 1/2017
Print ISSN: 1556-3790
Electronic ISSN: 1556-3804
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11888-017-0347-8

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