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Current Atherosclerosis Reports

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01-02-2021 | Arterial Occlusive Disease | Vascular Biology (H. Pownall, Section Editor)

High-Density Lipoproteins and Serum Amyloid A (SAA)

Author: Nancy R. Webb

Published in: Current Atherosclerosis Reports | Issue 2/2021

Abstract

Purpose of Review

Serum amyloid A (SAA) is a highly sensitive acute phase reactant that has been linked to a number of chronic inflammatory diseases. During a systemic inflammatory response, liver-derived SAA is primarily found on high-density lipoprotein (HDL). The purpose of this review is to discuss recent literature addressing the pathophysiological functions of SAA and the significance of its association with HDL.

Recent Findings

Studies in gene-targeted mice establish that SAA contributes to atherosclerosis and some metastatic cancers. Accumulating evidence indicates that the lipidation state of SAA profoundly affects its bioactivities, with lipid-poor, but not HDL-associated, SAA capable of inducing inflammatory responses in vitro and in vivo. Factors that modulate the equilibrium between lipid-free and HDL-associated SAA have been identified.

Summary

HDL may serve to limit SAA’s bioactivities in vivo. Understanding the factors leading to the release of systemic SAA from HDL may provide insights into chronic disease mechanisms.

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Title: High-Density Lipoproteins and Serum Amyloid A (SAA)
Author: Nancy R. Webb
Publication date: 01-02-2021
Publisher: Springer US
Keyword: Arterial Occlusive Disease
Published in: Current Atherosclerosis Reports / Issue 2/2021
Print ISSN: 1523-3804
Electronic ISSN: 1534-6242
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11883-020-00901-4

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