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Journal of General Internal Medicine
Published in: Journal of General Internal Medicine 11/2021

Open Access 01-11-2021 | Original Research

A Scoping Review of Professional Identity Formation in Undergraduate Medical Education

Authors: Shiva Sarraf-Yazdi, MD, MEHP, Yao Neng Teo, Ashley Ern Hui How, Yao Hao Teo, Sherill Goh, Cheryl Shumin Kow, Wei Yi Lam, Ruth Si Man Wong, Haziratul Zakirah Binte Ghazali, Sarah-Kei Lauw, Javier Rui Ming Tan, Ryan Bing Qian Lee, Yun Ting Ong, Natalie Pei Xin Chan, Clarissa Wei Shuen Cheong, Nur Haidah Ahmad Kamal, Alexia Sze Inn Lee, BSc (Psychological Science), Lorraine Hui En Tan, Annelissa Mien Chew Chin, MSc (Info & Lit), Min Chiam, MSc (Medical Humanities), Lalit Kumar Radha Krishna, MBChB, FRCP, FAMS, MA (Medical Education), MA (Medical Ethics), PhD (Medical Ethics)

Published in: Journal of General Internal Medicine | Issue 11/2021

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Abstract

Background

Professional identity formation (PIF) in medical students is a multifactorial phenomenon, shaped by ways that clinical and non-clinical experiences, expectations and environmental factors merge with individual values, beliefs and obligations. The relationship between students’ evolving professional identity and self-identity or personhood remains ill-defined, making it challenging for medical schools to support PIF systematically and strategically. Primarily, to capture prevailing literature on PIF in medical school education, and secondarily, to ascertain how PIF influences on medical students may be viewed through the lens of the ring theory of personhood (RToP) and to identify ways that medical schools support PIF.

Methods

A systematic scoping review was conducted using the systematic evidence-based approach. Articles published between 1 January 2000 and 1 July 2020 related to PIF in medical students were searched using PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, ERIC and Scopus. Articles of all study designs (quantitative and qualitative), published or translated into English, were included. Concurrent thematic and directed content analyses were used to evaluate the data.

Results

A total of 10443 abstracts were identified, 272 full-text articles evaluated, and 76 articles included. Thematic and directed content analyses revealed similar themes and categories as follows: characteristics of PIF in relation to professionalism, role of socialization in PIF, PIF enablers and barriers, and medical school approaches to supporting PIF.

Discussion

PIF involves iterative construction, deconstruction and inculcation of professional beliefs, values and behaviours into a pre-existent identity. Through the lens of RToP, factors were elucidated that promote or hinder students’ identity development on individual, relational or societal levels. If inadequately or inappropriately supported, enabling factors become barriers to PIF. Medical schools employ an all-encompassing approach to support PIF, illuminating the need for distinct and deliberate longitudinal monitoring and mentoring to foster students’ balanced integration of personal and professional identities over time.
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Metadata
Title
A Scoping Review of Professional Identity Formation in Undergraduate Medical Education
Authors
Shiva Sarraf-Yazdi, MD, MEHP
Yao Neng Teo
Ashley Ern Hui How
Yao Hao Teo
Sherill Goh
Cheryl Shumin Kow
Wei Yi Lam
Ruth Si Man Wong
Haziratul Zakirah Binte Ghazali
Sarah-Kei Lauw
Javier Rui Ming Tan
Ryan Bing Qian Lee
Yun Ting Ong
Natalie Pei Xin Chan
Clarissa Wei Shuen Cheong
Nur Haidah Ahmad Kamal
Alexia Sze Inn Lee, BSc (Psychological Science)
Lorraine Hui En Tan
Annelissa Mien Chew Chin, MSc (Info & Lit)
Min Chiam, MSc (Medical Humanities)
Lalit Kumar Radha Krishna, MBChB, FRCP, FAMS, MA (Medical Education), MA (Medical Ethics), PhD (Medical Ethics)
Publication date
01-11-2021
Publisher
Springer International Publishing
Published in
Journal of General Internal Medicine / Issue 11/2021
Print ISSN: 0884-8734
Electronic ISSN: 1525-1497
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-021-07024-9

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Regional Variation in Fracture-Associated Prescription Drug Use and Hip Fractures in Long-Term Care: an Observational Study

Viewpoint

Leading with Love: Five Practical Tips

Clinical Image

Non-small Cell Lung Cancer as Skeletal Muscle Metastasis

ACC 2024 Congress Coverage

Heart Failure Video

Year in Review: Heart failure and cardiomyopathies

Watch now

Watch this official video from ACC.24. Dr. Biykem Bozkurt discuss last year's major advances in heart failure and cardiomyopathies.

Semaglutide benefits people with type 2 diabetes and obesity-related heart failure

16-04-2024 Type 2 Diabetes News

Incentivised to exercise

11-04-2024 Lifestyle Modifications News

New intervention for STEMI-related cardiogenic shock

10-04-2024 Myocardial Infarction News

» View more highlights on the ACC 2024 congress hub page

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