A 47-year-old man presented with sudden onset of nontraumatic back pain. MRI showed multiple compression fractures within the thoracic and lumbar spine (Fig. 1). Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan demonstrated osteoporosis. Biochemical studies were unremarkable (normal serum and urine protein electrophoresis, parathyroid hormone, testosterone, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and 24-hour urine calcium). The patient failed conservative management and underwent a laminectomy with spinal fusion. An iliac crest biopsy was performed intraoperatively to look for secondary causes of osteoporosis.