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European Review of Aging and Physical Activity
Published in: European Review of Aging and Physical Activity 2/2006

Open Access 01-09-2006 | Academic Literature Review

Diabetes, aging and physical activity

Authors: Bruce Frier, Pearl Yang, Albert W. Taylor

Published in: European Review of Aging and Physical Activity | Issue 2/2006

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Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease affecting the regulation of insulin and glucose causing a disruption in the normal control of counterregulatory hormones and macronutrients, resulting in blood glucose accumulation. Metabolic deregulation leads to the production of noxious substances that have a particular propensity for damaging vascular and nervous structures. Physiological changes observed with aging are correlated with a concomitant increase in DM and its associated complications. Long-term complications, including peripheral and central neuropathies, micro- and macrovascular damage, retinopathy, and nephropathy are the major causes of mortality in diabetics [cardiovascular disease (CVD) being the primary complication causing death in this population]. All-cause mortality is three to four times greater in the DM population; hence, management of DM is of timely importance, particularly with a projected prevalence increase of 134% within the next 25 years among individuals over the age of 65 years. Exercise modalities, including endurance and resistance training, were employed to improve glycemic/metabolic control and to ameliorate the progression of DM-related complications. Several risk factors, including glucose levels, blood pressure, lipid/cholesterol profile, and BMI, are reportedly improved with these modes of exercise. However, not all studies demonstrate an improvement in risk factors, but consistently note improvement in complications and a reduction of DM incidence. There is convincing evidence that exercise, with or without specific improvements to traditional DM-related risk factors, is an effective therapy for the management of DM.
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Metadata
Title
Diabetes, aging and physical activity
Authors
Bruce Frier
Pearl Yang
Albert W. Taylor
Publication date
01-09-2006
Publisher
Springer-Verlag
Published in
European Review of Aging and Physical Activity / Issue 2/2006
Print ISSN: 1813-7253
Electronic ISSN: 1861-6909
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11556-006-0010-x

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