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Open Access 01-03-2020 | Obesity | Epidemiology • Review

The prevalence of obstructive sleep apnoea in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Authors: Hassan Kahal, Ioannis Kyrou, Olalekan A. Uthman, Anna Brown, Samantha Johnson, Peter D. H. Wall, Andrew Metcalfe, David G. Parr, Abd A. Tahrani, Harpal S. Randeva

Published in: Sleep and Breathing | Issue 1/2020

Abstract

Background

Obesity is a common risk factor for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). Both PCOS and OSA are associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Hence, it is important to determine the burden of OSA in women with PCOS.

Methods

We searched electronic databases (MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Scopus, Web of Science, OpenGrey, CENTRAL), conference abstracts, and reference lists of relevant articles, up to January 2019. No restriction for language or publication status. Studies that examined the presence of OSA in women with PCOS using polysomnography and/or level III devices were eligible for inclusion.

Results

Seventeen studies involving 648 participants were included. Our meta-analysis showed that 35.0% (95% CI 22.2–48.9%) of women with PCOS had OSA. This prevalence was not affected by variation in PCOS definition between studies. Approximately one-tenth of the variation in OSA prevalence was related to differences in study population (higher in adults than adolescents and mixed populations), and around one-tenth was related to sample size (higher in smaller studies). OSA prevalence was markedly higher in obese versus lean women with PCOS, and in women with PCOS compared to controls (odds ratio = 3.83, 95% CI 1.43–10.24, eight studies, 957 participants (349 PCOS and 608 controls)). However, most of the studies were at high risk of selection bias, did not account for important confounders, included predominantly women with class II obesity, and were conducted in one country (USA).

Conclusions

Future studies need to examine the true prevalence of OSA in a more representative sample of women with PCOS. Nevertheless, our results suggest that the prevalence of OSA in women with PCOS and obesity is high and clinicians should have a high index of suspicion of OSA in these women.

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Title: The prevalence of obstructive sleep apnoea in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Hassan Kahal
Ioannis Kyrou
Olalekan A. Uthman
Anna Brown
Samantha Johnson
Peter D. H. Wall
Andrew Metcalfe
David G. Parr
Abd A. Tahrani
Harpal S. Randeva
Publication date: 01-03-2020
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Keywords: Obesity
Obesity
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Polysomnography
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Published in: Sleep and Breathing / Issue 1/2020
Print ISSN: 1520-9512
Electronic ISSN: 1522-1709
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-019-01835-1

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APAP therapy does not improve impaired sleep quality and sympatho-vagal balance: a randomized trial in patients with obstructive sleep apnea and systolic heart failure

Validity analysis of respiratory events of polysomnography using a plethysmography chest and abdominal belt

Differences in electroencephalographic spectra during pre-sleep wakefulness, N1, and R sleep between comorbid insomnia and obstructive sleep apnea

Tongue peak pressure: a tool to aid in the identification of obstruction sites in patients with obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome

Do symptoms of sleepiness and insomnia in US veterans with obstructive sleep apnea vary by age?

Electrocardiogram-based sleep analysis for sleep apnea screening and diagnosis

Highlights from the ACC 2024 Congress

ACC 2024 Congress Coverage