Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress 2023 EHA Congress 2023 ASCO Annual Meeting
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

At a glance: The ONWARDS insulin icodec trials

A round-up of the ONWARDS phase 3 clinical trials evaluating the novel weekly insulin icodec in people with diabetes.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders
Published in: Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders 2/2016

01-06-2016

New chemosensory component in the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES): first-year results for measured olfactory dysfunction

Authors: Howard J. Hoffman, Shristi Rawal, Chuan-Ming Li, Valerie B. Duffy

Published in: Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders | Issue 2/2016

Login to get access

Abstract

The U.S. NHANES included chemosensory assessments in the 2011–2014 protocol. We provide an overview of this protocol and 2012 olfactory exam findings. Of the 1818 NHANES participants aged ≥40 years, 1281 (70.5 %) completed the exam; non-participation mostly was due to time constraints. Health technicians administered an 8-item, forced-choice, odor identification task scored as normosmic (6–8 odors identified correctly) versus olfactory dysfunction, including hyposmic (4–5 correct) and anosmic/severe hyposmic (0–3 correct). Interviewers recorded self-reported smell alterations (during past year, since age 25, phantosmia), histories of sinonasal problems, xerostomia, dental extractions, head or facial trauma, and chemosensory-related treatment and changes in quality of life. Olfactory dysfunction was found in 12.4 % (13.3 million adults; 55 % males/45 % females) including 3.2 % anosmic/severe hyposmic (3.4 million; 74 % males/26 % females). Selected age-specific prevalences were 4.2 % (40–49 years), 12.7 % (60–69 years), and 39.4 % (80+ years). Among adults ≥70 years, misidentification rates for warning odors were 20.3 % for smoke and 31.3 % for natural gas. The highest sensitivity (correctly identifying dysfunction) and specificity (correctly identifying normosmia) of self-reported olfactory alteration was among anosmics/severe hyposmics (54.4 % and 78.1 %, respectively). In age- and sex-adjusted logistic regression analysis, risk factors of olfactory dysfunction were racial/ethnic minority, income-to-poverty ratio ≤ 1.1, education <high school, and heavy drinking. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity reduced risk of impairment. Olfactory dysfunction is prevalent, particularly among older adults. Inexpensive, brief odor identification tests coupled with questions (smell problems past year, since age 25, phantosmia) could screen for marked dysfunction. Healthcare providers should be prepared to offer education on non-olfactory avoidance of hazardous events.
Literature
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Coldwell SE, Mennella JA, Duffy VB, Pelchat ML, Griffith JW, Smutzer G, et al. Gustation assessment using the NIH Toolbox. Neurology. 2013;80(11 Suppl 3):S20–4.
7.
Dalton P, Doty RL, Murphy C, Frank R, Hoffman HJ, Maute C, et al. Olfactory assessment using the NIH Toolbox. Neurology. 2013;80(11 Suppl 3):S32–6.
8.
9.
Rawal S, Hoffman HJ, Bainbridge KE, Huedo-Medina TB, Duffy VB. Prevalence and risk factors of self-reported smell and taste alterations: results from the 2011-2012 US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Chem Senses. 2016;41(1):69–76.CrossRefPubMed
10.
Rawal S, Hoffman HJ, Chapo AK, Duffy VB. Sensitivity and specificity of self-reported olfactory dysfunction in a home-based study of independent-living. Healthy Older Women Chemosens Percept. 2014;7(304):108–16.CrossRefPubMed
11.
Murphy C, Schubert C, Cruickshanks K, Klein B, Klein R, Nondahl D. Prevalence of olfactory impairment in older adults. J Am Med Assoc. 2002;288(18):2307–12.CrossRef
12.
Schubert CR, Cruickshanks KJ, Fischer ME, Huang GH, Klein BE, Klein R, et al. Olfactory impairment in an adult population: the Beaver Dam Offspring Study. Chem Senses. 2012;37(4):325–34.
13.
Hoffman H, Ishii E, MacTurk R. Age-related changes in the prevalence of smell/taste problems among the United States adult population. Results of the 1994 Disability Supplement to the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS). Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1998;855:716–22.
14.
Rawal S, Hoffman HJ, Honda M, Huedo-Medina TB, Duffy VB. The taste and smell protocol in the 2011-2014 U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES): test-retest reliability and validity testing. Chemosens Percept. 2015;8(3):138–48.
15.
Wehling E, Nordin S, Espeseth T, Reinvang I, Lundervold AJ. Unawareness of olfactory dysfunction and its association with cognitive functioning in middle aged and old adults. Arch Clin Neuropsychol. 2011;26(3):260–9.CrossRefPubMed
16.
Bramerson A, Johansson L, Ek L, Nordin S, Bende M. Prevalence of olfactory dysfunction: the Skovde population-based study. Laryngoscope. 2004;114(4):733–7.CrossRefPubMed
17.
Shu CH, Hummel T, Lee PL, Chiu CH, Lin SH, Yuan BC. The proportion of self-rated olfactory dysfunction does not change across the life span. Am J Rhinol Allergy. 2009;23(4):413–6.CrossRefPubMed
18.
Lee WH, Wee JH, Kim DK, Rhee CS, Lee CH, Ahn S, et al. Prevalence of subjective olfactory dysfunction and its risk factors: Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. PLoS One. 2013;8(5):e62725.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
19.
Michikawa T, Nishiwaki Y, Takebayashi T. Are you conscious of any age-related taste impairment? Prevalence of and factors associated with taste impairment in Japan. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2011;59(5):951–3.CrossRefPubMed
20.
Welge-Lussen A, Dorig P, Wolfensberger M, Krone F, Hummel T. A study about the frequency of taste disorders. J Neurol. 2011;258(3):386–92.CrossRefPubMed
21.
Bartoshuk LM, Duffy VB, Green BG, Hoffman HJ, Ko CW, Lucchina LA, et al. Valid across-group comparisons with labeled scales: the gLMS versus magnitude matching. Physiol Behav. 2004;82(1):109–14.CrossRefPubMed
22.
Galindo-Cuspinera V, Waeber T, Antille N, Hartmann C, Stead N, Martin N. Reliability of threshold and suprathreshold methods for taste phenotyping: characterization with PROP and sodium chloride. Chemosens Percept. 2009;2(4):214–28.
23.
Pepino MY, Bradley D, Eagon JC, Sullivan S, Abumrad NA, Klein S. Changes in taste perception and eating behavior after bariatric surgery-induced weight loss in women. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2014;22(5):E13–20.CrossRef
24.
Pelletier CA, Steele CM. Influence of the perceived taste intensity of chemesthetic stimuli on swallowing parameters given age and genetic taste differences in healthy adult women. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2014;57(1):46–56.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
25.
McAnally HM, Poulton R, Hancox RJ, Prescott J, Welch D. Psychosocial correlates of 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP) ratings in a birth cohort. Appetite. 2007;49(3):700–3.CrossRefPubMed
26.
Cruickshanks KJ, Schubert CR, Snyder DJ, Bartoshuk LM, Huang GH, Klein BE, et al. Measuring taste impairment in epidemiologic studies: the Beaver Dam Offspring Study. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2009;1170:543–52.
27.
Dias AG, Rousseau D, Duizer L, Cockburn M, Chiu W, Nielsen D, et al. Genetic variation in putative salt taste receptors and salt taste perception in humans. Chem Senses. 2013;38(2):137–45.CrossRefPubMed
28.
Rawal S, Hayes JE, Wallace MR, Bartoshuk LM, Duffy VB. Do polymorphisms in the TAS1R1 gene associate with broader differences in human taste intensity? Chem Senses. 2013;38(8):719–28.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
29.
Fischer ME, Cruickshanks KJ, Pankow JS, Pankratz N, Schubert CR, Huang GH, et al. The associations between 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP) intensity and taste intensities differ by TAS2R38 haplotype. J Nutrigenet Nutrigenomics. 2014;7(3):143–52.CrossRefPubMed
30.
Dinehart ME, Hayes JE, Bartoshuk LM, Lanier SL, Duffy VB. Bitter taste markers explain variability in vegetable sweetness, bitterness, and intake. Physiol Behav. 2006;87(2):304–13.CrossRefPubMed
31.
Hayes JE, Sullivan BS, Duffy VB. Explaining variability in sodium intake through oral sensory phenotype, salt sensation and liking. Physiol Behav. 2010;100(4):369–80.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
32.
Fischer ME, Cruickshanks KJ, Schubert CR, Pinto A, Huang GH, Klein BE, et al. The association of taste with change in adiposity-related health measures. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2014;114(8):1195–202.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
33.
Simchen U, Koebnick C, Hoyer S, Issanchou S, Zunft HJ. Odour and taste sensitivity is associated with body weight and extent of misreporting of body weight. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2006;60(6):698–705.CrossRefPubMed
34.
Kveton J, Bartoshuk L. The effect of unilateral chorda tympani damage on taste. Laryngoscope. 1994;104(1):25–9.CrossRefPubMed
35.
Yanagisawa K, Bartoshuk LM, Catalanotto FA, Karrer TA, Kveton JF. Anesthesia of the chorda tympani nerve and taste phantoms. Physiol Behav. 1997;63(3):329–35.CrossRef
36.
Sipiora ML, Murtaugh MA, Gregoire MB, Duffy VB. Bitter taste perception and severe vomiting in pregnancy. Physiol Behav. 2000;69(3):259–67.CrossRefPubMed
37.
Bartoshuk LM, Catalanotto F, Hoffman H, Logan H, Snyder DJ. Taste damage (otitis media, tonsillectomy and head and neck cancer), oral sensations and BMI. Physiol Behav. 2012;107(4):516–26.CrossRefPubMed
38.
Duffy VB, Peterson J, Bartoshuk LM. Associations between taste genetics, oral sensations and alcohol intake. Physiol Behav. 2004;82(2–3):435–45.CrossRefPubMed
39.
Reed DR, Zhu G, Breslin PA, Duke FF, Henders AK, Campbell MJ, et al. The perception of quinine taste intensity is associated with common genetic variants in a bitter receptor cluster on chromosome 12. Hum Mol Genet. 2010;19(21):4278–85.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
40.
Cowart B, Yokomukai Y, Beauchamp G. Bitter taste in aging: compound-specific decline in sensitivity. Physiol Behav. 1994;56(6):1237–41.CrossRefPubMed
41.
Campbell MC, Ranciaro A, Froment A, Hirbo J, Omar S, Bodo JM, et al. Evolution of functionally diverse alleles associated with PTC bitter taste sensitivity in Africa. Mol Biol Evol. 2012;29(4):1141–53.CrossRefPubMed
42.
Bartoshuk LM, Duffy VB, Miller Jr IJ. PTC/PROP tasting: anatomy, psychophysics, and sex effects. Physiol Behav. 1994;56(6):1165–71.
43.
Tepper BJ. Nutritional implications of genetic taste variation: the role of PROP sensitivity and other taste phenotypes. Annu Rev Nutr. 2008;28:367–88.CrossRefPubMed
44.
Akmal A, Kung J. Propylthiouracil, and methimazole, and carbimazole-related hepatotoxicity. Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2014;13(10):1397–406.CrossRefPubMed
45.
Coldwell S, Duffy V, Bartoshuk L, Griffith J, Hoffman H. The NIH Toolbox brief gustation assessment protocol (abstract). 2013;Abstracts from the 35th Annual Meeting of AChemS—Chem Senses:A114.
46.
Doty R, Frye R. Influence of nasal obstruction on smell function. Otolaryngol Clin N Am. 1989;22:397–441.
47.
Hummel T, Sekinger B, Wolf SR, Pauli E, Kobal G. 'Sniffin' sticks': olfactory performance assessed by the combined testing of odor identification, odor discrimination and olfactory threshold. Chem Senses. 1997;22(1):39–52.CrossRefPubMed
48.
Cain WS, Rabin MD. Comparability of two tests of olfactory functioning. Chem Senses. 1989;14(4):479–85.CrossRef
49.
Doty R, Shaman P, Dann M. Development of the University of Pennsylvania smell identification test: a standardized microencapsulated test of olfactory function. Physiol Behav. 1984;34:489–502.CrossRef
50.
Schumm LP, McClintock M, Williams S, Leitsch S, Lundstrom J, Hummel T, et al. Assessment of sensory function in the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2009;64(Suppl 1):i76–85.
51.
52.
53.
54.
Sabanayagam C, Shankar A. Income is a stronger predictor of mortality than education in a national sample of US adults. J Health Popul Nutr. 2012;20:82–6.
55.
Doty RL, Shaman P, Applebaum SL, Giberson R, Siksorski L, Rosenberg L. Smell identification ability: changes with age. Science. 1984;226(4681):1441–2.CrossRefPubMed
56.
Ship J, Weiffenbach J. Age, gender, medical treatment and medication effects on smell identification. J Gerontol. 1993;48:M26–32.CrossRefPubMed
57.
Wysocki CJ, Gilbert AN. The National Geographic Smell Survey: effects of age are heterogeneous. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1989;561:12–28.
58.
Schubert CR, Cruickshanks KJ, Fischer ME, Huang GH, Klein R, Tsai MY, et al. Carotid intima media thickness, atherosclerosis, and 5-year decline in odor identification: the Beaver Dam Offspring Study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2015;70(7):879–84.
59.
Vennemann M, Hummel T, Berger K. The association between smoking and smell and taste impairment in the general population. J Neurol. 2008;255(8):1121–6.CrossRefPubMed
60.
Mullol J, Alobid I, Marino-Sanchez F, Quinto L, de Haro J, Bernal-Sprekelsen M et al. Furthering the understanding of olfaction, prevalence of loss of smell and risk factors: a population-based survey (OLFACAT study). BMJ Open. 2012;2(6).
61.
Wilson RS, Arnold SE, Tang Y, Bennett DA. Odor identification and decline in different cognitive domains in old age. Neuroepidemiology. 2006;26(2):61–7.CrossRefPubMed
62.
Roberts RO, Christianson TJ, Kremers WK, Mielke MM, Machulda MM, Vassilaki M, et al. Association between olfactory dysfunction and amnestic mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer disease dementia. JAMA Neurol. 2016;73(1):93–101.CrossRefPubMed
63.
Pinto JM, Wroblewski KE, Kern DW, Schumm LP, McClintock MK. The rate of age-related olfactory decline among the general population of older U.S. adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2015;70(11):1435–41.CrossRefPubMed
64.
Pence TS, Reiter ER, DiNardo LJ, Costanzo RM. Risk factors for hazardous events in olfactory-impaired patients. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2014;140(10):951–5.CrossRefPubMed
65.
Suchowersky O, Reich S, Perlmutter J, Zesiewicz T, Gronseth G, Weiner WJ, et al. Practice parameter: diagnosis and prognosis of new onset Parkinson disease (an evidence-based review): Report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology. 2006;66(7):968–75.
66.
67.
68.
Malaty J, Malaty IA. Smell and taste disorders in primary care. Am Fam Physician. 2013;88(12):852–9.PubMed
69.
Eekhof JA, De Bock GH, Schaapveld K, Springer MP. Screening for hearing and visual loss among elderly with questionnaires and tests: which method is the most convincing for action? Scand J Prim Health Care. 2000;18(4):203–7.CrossRefPubMed
70.
Nguyen AD, Shenton ME, Levitt JJ. Olfactory dysfunction in schizophrenia: a review of neuroanatomy and psychophysiological measurements. Harv Rev Psychiatry. 2010;18(5):279–92.CrossRefPubMed
71.
Knaapila A, Tuorila H, Kyvik KO, Wright MJ, Keskitalo K, Hansen J, et al. Self-ratings of olfactory function reflect odor annoyance rather than olfactory acuity. Laryngoscope. 2008;118(12):2212–7.CrossRefPubMed
72.
Kuk JL, Ardern CI. The influence of ethnicity and gender on the association between measured obesity and cardiorespiratory fitness with self-rated overweight, physical activity and health. Perspect Public Health. 2014;134(1):38–43.CrossRefPubMed
73.
Schubert CR, Cruickshanks KJ, Nondahl DM, Klein BE, Klein R, Fischer ME. Association of exercise with lower long-term risk of olfactory impairment in older adults. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2013;139(10):1061–6.CrossRefPubMed
74.
Menon C, Westervelt HJ, Jahn DR, Dressel JA, O'Bryant SE. Normative performance on the brief smell identification test (BSIT) in a multi-ethnic bilingual cohort: a project FRONTIER study. Clin Neuropsychol. 2013;27(6):946–61.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
75.
Boesveldt S, Lindau ST, McClintock MK, Hummel T, Lundstrom JN. Gustatory and olfactory dysfunction in older adults: a national probability study. Rhinology. 2011;49(3):324–30.PubMedPubMedCentral
76.
Doty RL, Petersen I, Mensah N, Christensen K. Genetic and environmental influences on odor identification ability in the very old. Psychol Aging. 2011;26(4):864–71.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
77.
Martinez-Martin P, Falup Pecurariu C, Odin P, van Hilten JJ, Antonini A, Rojo-Abuin JM, et al. Gender-related differences in the burden of non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease. J Neurol. 2012;259(8):1639–47.CrossRefPubMed
78.
Krantz EM, Schubert CR, Dalton DS, Zhong W, Huang GH, Klein BE, et al. Test-retest reliability of the San Diego odor identification test and comparison with the brief smell identification test. Chem Senses. 2009;34(5):435–40.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
79.
Doty RL, Applebaum S, Zusho H, Settle RG. Sex differences in odor identification ability: a cross-cultural analysis. Neuropsychologia. 1985;23(5):667–72.CrossRefPubMed
80.
Pinto JM, Schumm LP, Wroblewski KE, Kern DW, McClintock MK. Racial disparities in olfactory loss among older adults in the United States. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2014;69(3):323–9.CrossRefPubMed
81.
Ross GW, Petrovitch H, Abbott RD, Tanner CM, Popper J, Masaki K, et al. Association of olfactory dysfunction with risk for future Parkinson's disease. Ann Neurol. 2008;63(2):167–73.CrossRefPubMed
82.
Shiga H, Yamamoto J, Kitamura M, Nakagawa H, Matsubasa T, Seo A, et al. Combinations of two odorants of smell identification test for screening of olfactory impairment. Auris Nasus Larynx. 2014;41(6):523–7.CrossRefPubMed
83.
Ogihara H, Kobayashi M, Nishida K, Kitano M, Takeuchi K. Applicability of the cross-culturally modified University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test in a Japanese population. Am J Rhinol Allergy. 2011;25(6):404–10. doi:10.​2500/​ajra.​2011.​25.​3658.CrossRefPubMed
84.
Patel HH, Straight CE, Lehman EB, Tanner M, Carr MM. Indications for tonsillectomy: a 10 year retrospective review. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2014;78(12):2151–5.CrossRefPubMed
85.
Grob GN. The rise and decline of tonsillectomy in twentieth-century America. J Hist Med Allied Sci. 2007;62(4):383–421.CrossRefPubMed
86.
Holbrook EH, Leopold DA. An updated review of clinical olfaction. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2006;14(1):23–8.CrossRefPubMed
87.
Revai K, Dobbs LA, Nair S, Patel JA, Grady JJ, Chonmaitree T. Incidence of acute otitis media and sinusitis complicating upper respiratory tract infection: the effect of age. Pediatrics. 2007;119(6):e1408–12.CrossRefPubMed
88.
89.
Takano K, Yamamoto M, Kondo A, Takahashi H, Himi T. A clinical study of olfactory dysfunction in patients with Mikulicz's disease. Auris Nasus Larynx. 2011;38(3):347–51.CrossRefPubMed
90.
Kamel UF, Maddison P, Whitaker R. Impact of primary Sjogren's syndrome on smell and taste: effect on quality of life. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2009;48(12):1512–4.CrossRef
91.
Coelho DH, Costanzo RM. Posttraumatic olfactory dysfunction. Auris Nasus Larynx. 2016 Apr;43(2):137–43.
92.
Stuck BA, Hummel T. Olfaction in allergic rhinitis: a systematic review. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2015;136(6):1460–70.CrossRefPubMed
93.
Schubert CR, Cruickshanks KJ, Klein BE, Klein R, Nondahl DM. Olfactory impairment in older adults: five-year incidence and risk factors. Laryngoscope. 2011;121(4):873–8.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
94.
Maurage P, Callot C, Chang B, Philippot P, Rombaux P, de Timary P. Olfactory impairment is correlated with confabulation in alcoholism: towards a multimodal testing of orbitofrontal cortex. PLoS One. 2011;6(8):e23190.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
95.
Pasala S, Barr T, Messaoudi I. Impact of alcohol abuse on the adaptive immune system. Alcohol Res. 2015;37(2):185–97.PubMedPubMedCentral
96.
Selya AS, Oancea SC, Thapa S. Time to first cigarette, a proxy of nicotine dependence, increases the risk of pulmonary impairment, independently of current and lifetime smoking behavior. Nicotine Tob Res. 2016;18(6):1431–9.CrossRefPubMed
97.
Glennon S-G, Litt M, Duffy VB. Olfactory but not taste dysfunction among chronic smokers: baseline results from an e-cigarette intervention. Association for Chemoreception Sciences Annual Meeting; Bonita Springs, FL: Chemical Senses; 2016. p. in press (abstract).
98.
Glennon S-G, Rawal S, Hoffman H, Duffy V. Chronic cigarette exposure associates with self-reported smell alterations: findings from the U.S. National Health and nutrition examination survey (NHANES) 2011-2012. Association for Chemoreception Sciences Annual Meeting. Bonita Springs, FL: Chemical Senses. 2015;40(7):624–5.
99.
Fishman EI, Steeves JA, Zipunnikov V, Koster A, Berrigan D, Harris TA et al. Association between objectively measured physical activity and mortality in NHANES. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2016.
100.
Cain WS, Gent JF, Goodspeed RB, Leonard G. Evaluation of olfactory dysfunction in the Connecticut chemosensory clinical research center. Laryngoscope. 1988;98:83–8.CrossRefPubMed
101.
Metadata
Title
New chemosensory component in the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES): first-year results for measured olfactory dysfunction
Authors
Howard J. Hoffman
Shristi Rawal
Chuan-Ming Li
Valerie B. Duffy
Publication date
01-06-2016
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders / Issue 2/2016
Print ISSN: 1389-9155
Electronic ISSN: 1573-2606
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11154-016-9364-1

Other articles of this Issue 2/2016

Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders 2/2016 Go to the issue

EditorialNotes

EDITORIAL: “The Koch’s” view on the sense of taste in endocrinology

ReviewPaper

Oral sensory nerve damage: Causes and consequences

ReviewPaper

Lipids and obesity: Also a matter of taste?

ReviewPaper

Artificial sweeteners and metabolic dysregulation: Lessons learned from agriculture and the laboratory

ReviewPaper

The development of sweet taste: From biology to hedonics

ReviewPaper

A Genome-Wide Association Study in isolated populations reveals new genes associated to common food likings

ACC 2024 Congress Coverage

Heart Failure Video

Year in Review: Heart failure and cardiomyopathies

Watch now

Watch this official video from ACC.24. Dr. Biykem Bozkurt discuss last year's major advances in heart failure and cardiomyopathies.

Semaglutide benefits people with type 2 diabetes and obesity-related heart failure

16-04-2024 Type 2 Diabetes News

Incentivised to exercise

11-04-2024 Lifestyle Modifications News

New intervention for STEMI-related cardiogenic shock

10-04-2024 Myocardial Infarction News

» View more highlights on the ACC 2024 congress hub page

Image Credits