T2-weighted MRI signal intensity as a predictor of hormonal and tumoral responses to somatostatin receptor ligands in acromegaly: a perspective

go back to reference Katznelson L, Laws ER Jr, Melmed S, Molitch ME, Murad MH, Utz A, Wass JA (2014) Acromegaly: an endocrine society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 99(11):3933–3951. doi:10.1210/jc.2014-2700 CrossRefPubMed Katznelson L, Laws ER Jr, Melmed S, Molitch ME, Murad MH, Utz A, Wass JA (2014) Acromegaly: an endocrine society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 99(11):3933–3951. doi:10.​1210/​jc.​2014-2700 CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Mao ZG, Zhu YH, Tang HL, Wang DY, Zhou J, He DS, Lan H, Luo BN, Wang HJ (2010) Preoperative lanreotide treatment in acromegalic patients with macroadenomas increases short-term postoperative cure rates: a prospective, randomised trial. Eur J Endocrinol 162(4):661–666. doi:10.1530/eje-09-0908 CrossRefPubMed Mao ZG, Zhu YH, Tang HL, Wang DY, Zhou J, He DS, Lan H, Luo BN, Wang HJ (2010) Preoperative lanreotide treatment in acromegalic patients with macroadenomas increases short-term postoperative cure rates: a prospective, randomised trial. Eur J Endocrinol 162(4):661–666. doi:10.​1530/​eje-09-0908 CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Fougner SL, Bollerslev J, Svartberg J, Oksnes M, Cooper J, Carlsen SM (2014) Preoperative octreotide treatment of acromegaly: long-term results of a randomised controlled trial. Eur J Endocrinol/Eur Fed Endocr Soc 171(2):229–235. doi:10.1530/eje-14-0249 CrossRef Fougner SL, Bollerslev J, Svartberg J, Oksnes M, Cooper J, Carlsen SM (2014) Preoperative octreotide treatment of acromegaly: long-term results of a randomised controlled trial. Eur J Endocrinol/Eur Fed Endocr Soc 171(2):229–235. doi:10.​1530/​eje-14-0249 CrossRef

go back to reference Jaffrain-Rea M-L, Angelini M, Gargano D, Tichomirowa MA, Daly AF, Vanbellinghen J-F, D’Innocenzo E, Barlier A, Giangaspero F, Esposito V, Ventura L, Arcella A, Theodoropoulou M, Naves LA, Fajardo C, Zacharieva S, Rohmer V, Brue T, Gulino A, Cantore G, Alesse E, Beckers A (2009) Expression of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) and AHR-interacting protein in pituitary adenomas: pathological and clinical implications. Endocr-relat Cancer 16(3) 1029–1043.CrossRefPubMed Jaffrain-Rea M-L, Angelini M, Gargano D, Tichomirowa MA, Daly AF, Vanbellinghen J-F, D’Innocenzo E, Barlier A, Giangaspero F, Esposito V, Ventura L, Arcella A, Theodoropoulou M, Naves LA, Fajardo C, Zacharieva S, Rohmer V, Brue T, Gulino A, Cantore G, Alesse E, Beckers A (2009) Expression of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) and AHR-interacting protein in pituitary adenomas: pathological and clinical implications. Endocr-relat Cancer 16(3) 1029–1043.CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Kasuki L, Vieira Neto L, Wildemberg LE, Colli LM, de Castro M, Takiya CM, Gadelha MR (2012) AIP expression in sporadic somatotropinomas is a predictor of the response to octreotide LAR therapy independent of SSTR2 expression. Endocr-relat Cancer 19(3) L25–29. doi:10.1530/erc-12-0020 CrossRefPubMed Kasuki L, Vieira Neto L, Wildemberg LE, Colli LM, de Castro M, Takiya CM, Gadelha MR (2012) AIP expression in sporadic somatotropinomas is a predictor of the response to octreotide LAR therapy independent of SSTR2 expression. Endocr-relat Cancer 19(3) L25–29. doi:10.​1530/​erc-12-0020 CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Ferone D, de Herder WW, Pivonello R, Kros JM, van Koetsveld PM, de Jong T, Minuto F, Colao A, Lamberts SW, Hofland LJ (2008) Correlation of in vitro and in vivo somatotropic adenoma responsiveness to somatostatin analogs and dopamine agonists with immunohistochemical evaluation of somatostatin and dopamine receptors and electron microscopy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 93(4):1412–1417. doi:10.1210/jc.2007-1358 CrossRefPubMed Ferone D, de Herder WW, Pivonello R, Kros JM, van Koetsveld PM, de Jong T, Minuto F, Colao A, Lamberts SW, Hofland LJ (2008) Correlation of in vitro and in vivo somatotropic adenoma responsiveness to somatostatin analogs and dopamine agonists with immunohistochemical evaluation of somatostatin and dopamine receptors and electron microscopy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 93(4):1412–1417. doi:10.​1210/​jc.​2007-1358 CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Taboada GF, Luque RM, Neto LV, Machado Ede O, Sbaffi BC, Domingues RC, Marcondes JB, Chimelli LM, Fontes R, Niemeyer P, de Carvalho DP, Kineman RD, Gadelha MR (2008) Quantitative analysis of somatostatin receptor subtypes (1–5) gene expression levels in somatotropinomas and correlation to in vivo hormonal and tumor volume responses to treatment with octreotide LAR. Eur J Endocrinol/Eur Fed Endocr Soc 158(3):295–303. doi:10.1530/eje-07-0562 CrossRef Taboada GF, Luque RM, Neto LV, Machado Ede O, Sbaffi BC, Domingues RC, Marcondes JB, Chimelli LM, Fontes R, Niemeyer P, de Carvalho DP, Kineman RD, Gadelha MR (2008) Quantitative analysis of somatostatin receptor subtypes (1–5) gene expression levels in somatotropinomas and correlation to in vivo hormonal and tumor volume responses to treatment with octreotide LAR. Eur J Endocrinol/Eur Fed Endocr Soc 158(3):295–303. doi:10.​1530/​eje-07-0562 CrossRef

go back to reference Iacovazzo D, Carlsen E, Lugli F, Chiloiro S, Piacentini S, Bianchi A, Giampietro A, Mormando M, Clear AJ, Doglietto F, Anile C, Maira G, Lauriola L, Rindi G, Roncaroli F, Pontecorvi A, Korbonits M, De Marinis, L (2016) Factors predicting pasireotide responsiveness in somatotroph pituitary adenomas resistant to first-generation somatostatin analogues: an immunohistochemical study. Eur J Endocrinol/Eur Fed Endocr Soc 174(2):241–250. doi:10.1530/eje-15-0832 CrossRef Iacovazzo D, Carlsen E, Lugli F, Chiloiro S, Piacentini S, Bianchi A, Giampietro A, Mormando M, Clear AJ, Doglietto F, Anile C, Maira G, Lauriola L, Rindi G, Roncaroli F, Pontecorvi A, Korbonits M, De Marinis, L (2016) Factors predicting pasireotide responsiveness in somatotroph pituitary adenomas resistant to first-generation somatostatin analogues: an immunohistochemical study. Eur J Endocrinol/Eur Fed Endocr Soc 174(2):241–250. doi:10.​1530/​eje-15-0832 CrossRef

go back to reference Bhayana S, Booth GL, Asa SL, Kovacs K, Ezzat S (2005) The implication of somatotroph adenoma phenotype to somatostatin analog responsiveness in acromegaly. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 90(11):6290–6295. doi:10.1210/jc.2005-0998 CrossRefPubMed Bhayana S, Booth GL, Asa SL, Kovacs K, Ezzat S (2005) The implication of somatotroph adenoma phenotype to somatostatin analog responsiveness in acromegaly. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 90(11):6290–6295. doi:10.​1210/​jc.​2005-0998 CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Daly AF, Tichomirowa MA, Petrossians P, Heliovaara E, Jaffrain-Rea ML, Barlier A, Naves LA, Ebeling T, Karhu A, Raappana A, Cazabat L, De Menis E, Montanana CF, Raverot G, Weil RJ, Sane T, Maiter D, Neggers S, Yaneva M, Tabarin A, Verrua E, Eloranta E, Murat A, Vierimaa O, Salmela PI, Emy P, Toledo RA, Sabate MI, Villa C, Popelier M, Salvatori R, Jennings J, Longas AF, Labarta Aizpun JI, Georgitsi M, Paschke R, Ronchi C, Valimaki M, Saloranta C, De Herder W, Cozzi R, Guitelman M, Magri F, Lagonigro MS, Halaby G, Corman V, Hagelstein MT, Vanbellinghen JF, Barra GB, Gimenez-Roqueplo AP, Cameron FJ, Borson-Chazot F, Holdaway I, Toledo SP, Stalla GK, Spada A, Zacharieva S, Bertherat J, Brue T, Bours V, Chanson P, Aaltonen LA, Beckers, A (2010) Clinical characteristics and therapeutic responses in patients with germ-line AIP mutations and pituitary adenomas: an international collaborative study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 95(11):E373–E383. doi:10.1210/jc.2009-2556 CrossRefPubMed Daly AF, Tichomirowa MA, Petrossians P, Heliovaara E, Jaffrain-Rea ML, Barlier A, Naves LA, Ebeling T, Karhu A, Raappana A, Cazabat L, De Menis E, Montanana CF, Raverot G, Weil RJ, Sane T, Maiter D, Neggers S, Yaneva M, Tabarin A, Verrua E, Eloranta E, Murat A, Vierimaa O, Salmela PI, Emy P, Toledo RA, Sabate MI, Villa C, Popelier M, Salvatori R, Jennings J, Longas AF, Labarta Aizpun JI, Georgitsi M, Paschke R, Ronchi C, Valimaki M, Saloranta C, De Herder W, Cozzi R, Guitelman M, Magri F, Lagonigro MS, Halaby G, Corman V, Hagelstein MT, Vanbellinghen JF, Barra GB, Gimenez-Roqueplo AP, Cameron FJ, Borson-Chazot F, Holdaway I, Toledo SP, Stalla GK, Spada A, Zacharieva S, Bertherat J, Brue T, Bours V, Chanson P, Aaltonen LA, Beckers, A (2010) Clinical characteristics and therapeutic responses in patients with germ-line AIP mutations and pituitary adenomas: an international collaborative study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 95(11):E373–E383. doi:10.​1210/​jc.​2009-2556 CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Beckers A, Lodish M, Giampaolo T, Rostomyan L, Lee M, Faucz FR, Yuan B, Choong C, Caberg JH, Verrua E, Naves LA, Cheetham T, Young J, Lysy P, Petrossians P, Cotterill A, Shah N, Metzger D, Castermans E, Ambrosio MR, Villa C, Strebkova N, Mazerkina N, Gaillard S, Barcelos Barra G, Casulari LA, Neggers S, Salvatori R, Jaffrain-Rea ML, Zacharin M, Lecumberri Santamaria B, Zacharieva S, Lim EM, Mantovani G, Zatelli MC, Collins MT, Bonneville JF, Quezado M, Chittiboina P, Oldfield E, Bours V, Liu P, de Herder WW, Pellegata NS, Lupski JR, Daly AF, Stratakis CA (2015) X-linked acrogigantism (X-LAG) syndrome: clinical profile and therapeutic responses. Endocr-relat Cancer. doi:10.1530/erc-15-0038 PubMedCentral Beckers A, Lodish M, Giampaolo T, Rostomyan L, Lee M, Faucz FR, Yuan B, Choong C, Caberg JH, Verrua E, Naves LA, Cheetham T, Young J, Lysy P, Petrossians P, Cotterill A, Shah N, Metzger D, Castermans E, Ambrosio MR, Villa C, Strebkova N, Mazerkina N, Gaillard S, Barcelos Barra G, Casulari LA, Neggers S, Salvatori R, Jaffrain-Rea ML, Zacharin M, Lecumberri Santamaria B, Zacharieva S, Lim EM, Mantovani G, Zatelli MC, Collins MT, Bonneville JF, Quezado M, Chittiboina P, Oldfield E, Bours V, Liu P, de Herder WW, Pellegata NS, Lupski JR, Daly AF, Stratakis CA (2015) X-linked acrogigantism (X-LAG) syndrome: clinical profile and therapeutic responses. Endocr-relat Cancer. doi:10.​1530/​erc-15-0038 PubMedCentral

go back to reference Barlier A, Gunz G, Zamora AJ, Morange-Ramos I, Figarella-Branger D, Dufour H, Enjalbert A, Jaquet P (1998) Pronostic and therapeutic consequences of Gs alpha mutations in somatotroph adenomas. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 83(5):1604–1610. doi:10.1210/jcem.83.5.4797 PubMed Barlier A, Gunz G, Zamora AJ, Morange-Ramos I, Figarella-Branger D, Dufour H, Enjalbert A, Jaquet P (1998) Pronostic and therapeutic consequences of Gs alpha mutations in somatotroph adenomas. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 83(5):1604–1610. doi:10.​1210/​jcem.​83.​5.​4797 PubMed

go back to reference Hagiwara A, Inoue Y, Wakasa K, Haba T, Tashiro T, Miyamoto T (2003) Comparison of growth hormone–producing and non–growth hormone–producing pituitary adenomas: imaging characteristics and pathologic correlation1. Radiology 228(2):533–538CrossRefPubMed Hagiwara A, Inoue Y, Wakasa K, Haba T, Tashiro T, Miyamoto T (2003) Comparison of growth hormone–producing and non–growth hormone–producing pituitary adenomas: imaging characteristics and pathologic correlation1. Radiology 228(2):533–538CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Potorac I, Petrossians P, Daly AF, Schillo F, Ben Slama C, Nagi S, Sahnoun M, Brue T, Girard N, Chanson P, Nasser G, Caron P, Bonneville F, Raverot G, Lapras V, Cotton F, Delemer B, Higel B, Boulin A, Gaillard S, Luca F, Goichot B, Dietemann JL, Beckers A, Bonneville JF (2015) Pituitary MRI characteristics in 297 acromegaly patients based on T2-weighted sequences. Endocr-relat Cancer 22(2) 169–177. doi:10.1530/erc-14-0305 CrossRefPubMed Potorac I, Petrossians P, Daly AF, Schillo F, Ben Slama C, Nagi S, Sahnoun M, Brue T, Girard N, Chanson P, Nasser G, Caron P, Bonneville F, Raverot G, Lapras V, Cotton F, Delemer B, Higel B, Boulin A, Gaillard S, Luca F, Goichot B, Dietemann JL, Beckers A, Bonneville JF (2015) Pituitary MRI characteristics in 297 acromegaly patients based on T2-weighted sequences. Endocr-relat Cancer 22(2) 169–177. doi:10.​1530/​erc-14-0305 CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Puig-Domingo M, Resmini E, Gomez-Anson B, Nicolau J, Mora M, Palomera E, Marti C, Halperin I, Webb SM (2010) Magnetic resonance imaging as a predictor of response to somatostatin analogs in acromegaly after surgical failure. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 95(11):4973–4978CrossRefPubMed Puig-Domingo M, Resmini E, Gomez-Anson B, Nicolau J, Mora M, Palomera E, Marti C, Halperin I, Webb SM (2010) Magnetic resonance imaging as a predictor of response to somatostatin analogs in acromegaly after surgical failure. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 95(11):4973–4978CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Heck A, Ringstad G, Fougner SL, Casar-Borota O, Nome T, Ramm-Pettersen J, Bollerslev J (2012) Intensity of pituitary adenoma on T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging predicts the response to octreotide treatment in newly diagnosed acromegaly. Clin Endocrinol 77(1):72–78CrossRef Heck A, Ringstad G, Fougner SL, Casar-Borota O, Nome T, Ramm-Pettersen J, Bollerslev J (2012) Intensity of pituitary adenoma on T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging predicts the response to octreotide treatment in newly diagnosed acromegaly. Clin Endocrinol 77(1):72–78CrossRef

go back to reference Potorac I, Petrossians P, Daly AF, Alexopoulou O, Borot S, Sahnoun-Fathallah M, Castinetti F, Devuyst F, Jaffrain-Rea ML, Briet C, Luca F, Lapoirie M, Zoicas F, Simoneau I, Diallo AM, Muhammad A, Kelestimur F, Nazzari E, Centeno RG, Webb SM, Nunes ML, Hana V, Pascal-Vigneron V, Ilovayskaya I, Nasybullina F, Achir S, Ferone D, Neggers SJ, Delemer B, Petit JM, Schofl C, Raverot G, Goichot B, Rodien P, Corvilain B, Brue T, Schillo F, Tshibanda L, Maiter D, Bonneville JF, Beckers A (2016) T2-weighted MRI signal predicts hormone and tumor responses to somatostatin analogs in acromegaly. Endocr-relat Cancer 23(11) 871–881. doi:10.1530/erc-16-0356 CrossRefPubMed Potorac I, Petrossians P, Daly AF, Alexopoulou O, Borot S, Sahnoun-Fathallah M, Castinetti F, Devuyst F, Jaffrain-Rea ML, Briet C, Luca F, Lapoirie M, Zoicas F, Simoneau I, Diallo AM, Muhammad A, Kelestimur F, Nazzari E, Centeno RG, Webb SM, Nunes ML, Hana V, Pascal-Vigneron V, Ilovayskaya I, Nasybullina F, Achir S, Ferone D, Neggers SJ, Delemer B, Petit JM, Schofl C, Raverot G, Goichot B, Rodien P, Corvilain B, Brue T, Schillo F, Tshibanda L, Maiter D, Bonneville JF, Beckers A (2016) T2-weighted MRI signal predicts hormone and tumor responses to somatostatin analogs in acromegaly. Endocr-relat Cancer 23(11) 871–881. doi:10.​1530/​erc-16-0356 CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Shen M, Zhang Q, Liu W, Wang M, Zhu J, Ma Z, He W, Li S, Shou X, Li Y, Zhang Z, Ye H, He M, Lu B, Yao Z, Lu Y, Qiao N, Ye Z, Zhang Y, Yang Y, Zhao Y, Wang Y (2016) Predictive value of T2 relative signal intensity for response to somatostatin analogs in newly diagnosed acromegaly. Neuroradiology. doi:10.1007/s00234-016-1728-4 Shen M, Zhang Q, Liu W, Wang M, Zhu J, Ma Z, He W, Li S, Shou X, Li Y, Zhang Z, Ye H, He M, Lu B, Yao Z, Lu Y, Qiao N, Ye Z, Zhang Y, Yang Y, Zhao Y, Wang Y (2016) Predictive value of T2 relative signal intensity for response to somatostatin analogs in newly diagnosed acromegaly. Neuroradiology. doi:10.​1007/​s00234-016-1728-4

go back to reference Heck A, Emblem KE, Casar-Borota O, Bollerslev J, Ringstad G (2016) Quantitative analyses of T2-weighted MRI as a potential marker for response to somatostatin analogs in newly diagnosed acromegaly. Endocrine 52(2):333–343. doi:10.1007/s12020-015-0766-8 CrossRefPubMed Heck A, Emblem KE, Casar-Borota O, Bollerslev J, Ringstad G (2016) Quantitative analyses of T2-weighted MRI as a potential marker for response to somatostatin analogs in newly diagnosed acromegaly. Endocrine 52(2):333–343. doi:10.​1007/​s12020-015-0766-8 CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Bevan JS (2005) Clinical review: The antitumoral effects of somatostatin analog therapy in acromegaly. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 90(3):1856–1863. doi:10.1210/jc.2004-1093 CrossRefPubMed Bevan JS (2005) Clinical review: The antitumoral effects of somatostatin analog therapy in acromegaly. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 90(3):1856–1863. doi:10.​1210/​jc.​2004-1093 CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Bakhtiar Y, Hanaya R, Tokimura H, Hirano H, Oyoshi T, Fujio S, Bohara M, Arita K (2014) Geometric survey on magnetic resonance imaging of growth hormone producing pituitary adenoma. Pituitary 17(2):142–149. doi:10.1007/s11102-013-0479-z CrossRefPubMed Bakhtiar Y, Hanaya R, Tokimura H, Hirano H, Oyoshi T, Fujio S, Bohara M, Arita K (2014) Geometric survey on magnetic resonance imaging of growth hormone producing pituitary adenoma. Pituitary 17(2):142–149. doi:10.​1007/​s11102-013-0479-z CrossRefPubMed