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Published in: Metabolic Brain Disease 1/2019

01-02-2019 | Review Article

Alkaline phosphatase: a potential biomarker for stroke and implications for treatment

Authors: Allison L. Brichacek, Candice M. Brown

Published in: Metabolic Brain Disease | Issue 1/2019

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Abstract

Stroke is the fifth leading cause of death in the U.S., with more than 100,000 deaths annually. There are a multitude of risks associated with stroke, including aging, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and immune suppression. One of the many challenges, which has so far proven to be unsuccessful, is the identification of a cost-effective diagnostic or prognostic biomarker for stroke. Alkaline phosphatase (AP), an enzyme first discovered in the 1920s, has been evaluated as a potential biomarker in many disorders, including many of the co-morbidities associated with stroke. This review will examine the basic biology of AP, and its most common isoenzyme, tissue nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP), with a specific focus on the central nervous system. It examines the preclinical and clinical evidence which supports a potential role for AP in stroke and suggests potential mechanism(s) of action for AP isoenzymes in stroke. Lastly, the review speculates on the clinical utility of AP isoenzymes as potential blood biomarkers for stroke or as AP-targeted treatments for stroke patients.
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Metadata
Title
Alkaline phosphatase: a potential biomarker for stroke and implications for treatment
Authors
Allison L. Brichacek
Candice M. Brown
Publication date
01-02-2019
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Metabolic Brain Disease / Issue 1/2019
Print ISSN: 0885-7490
Electronic ISSN: 1573-7365
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11011-018-0322-3

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