Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Journal of Religion and Health 3/2022

Open Access 19-01-2021 | Original Paper

Grieving the Living: The Social Death of Former Jehovah’s Witnesses

Authors: Heather J. Ransom, Rebecca L. Monk, Derek Heim

Published in: Journal of Religion and Health | Issue 3/2022

Login to get access

Abstract

Addressing a relative lack of research investigating the experiences of individuals who have left the Jehovah’s Witnesses (JW), this research utilizes a social identity approach to examine qualitatively, the process of transitioning towards post-JW life, experiences of ostracism and perceived threats to self-identity. Semi-structured interviews were carried out in the homes of six former JWs, and transcripts were analysed using interpretive phenomenological analysis. Narratives suggest that experiences of ostracism following religious exit can be associated with diminished mental health, while having a sense of agency and establishing new (online) social connections may help mitigate adverse consequences. Implications and future research directions are discussed.
Literature
go back to reference Best, D., Bliuc, A. M., Iqbal, M., Upton, K., & Hodgkins, S. (2018). Mapping social identity change in online networks of addiction recovery. Addiction Research & Theory, 26(3), 163–173.CrossRef Best, D., Bliuc, A. M., Iqbal, M., Upton, K., & Hodgkins, S. (2018). Mapping social identity change in online networks of addiction recovery. Addiction Research & Theory, 26(3), 163–173.CrossRef
go back to reference Breakwell, G. M. (1986). Coping with threatened identities: Psychology library editions. Hove: Psychology Press. Breakwell, G. M. (1986). Coping with threatened identities: Psychology library editions. Hove: Psychology Press.
go back to reference Breakwell, G. M. (1992). Processes of self-evaluation: efficacy and estrangement. In G. M. Breakwell (Ed.), Social Psychology of Identity and the Self (pp. 35-55). (Surrey Seminars in Social Psychology). Surrey University Press in association with Academic Press. Breakwell, G. M. (1992). Processes of self-evaluation: efficacy and estrangement. In G. M. Breakwell (Ed.), Social Psychology of Identity and the Self (pp. 35-55). (Surrey Seminars in Social Psychology). Surrey University Press in association with Academic Press.
go back to reference Buckingham, S. A., Frings, D., & Albery, I. P. (2013). Group membership and social identity in addiction recovery. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors : Journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors, 27(4), 1132–1140. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0032480.CrossRef Buckingham, S. A., Frings, D., & Albery, I. P. (2013). Group membership and social identity in addiction recovery. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors : Journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors, 27(4), 1132–1140. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1037/​a0032480.CrossRef
go back to reference Case, T. I., & Williams, K. D. (2004). Ostracism: A metaphor for death. In J. Greenberg, S. L. Koole, & T. Pyszczynski (Eds.), Handbook of experimental existential psychology (pp. 336–351). New York: Guilford Press. Case, T. I., & Williams, K. D. (2004). Ostracism: A metaphor for death. In J. Greenberg, S. L. Koole, & T. Pyszczynski (Eds.), Handbook of experimental existential psychology (pp. 336–351). New York: Guilford Press.
go back to reference Haslam, C., Best, D., A. Dingle, G., Staiger, P. K., Savic, M., Bathish, R.,… Lubman, D. I. (2019). Social group membership before treatment for substance dependence predicts early identification and engagement with treatment communities. Addiction Research & Theory, 1-10. doi:10.1080/16066359.2018.1537393 Haslam, C., Best, D., A. Dingle, G., Staiger, P. K., Savic, M., Bathish, R.,… Lubman, D. I. (2019). Social group membership before treatment for substance dependence predicts early identification and engagement with treatment communities. Addiction Research & Theory, 1-10. doi:10.1080/16066359.2018.1537393
go back to reference Holden, A. (2002). Jehovah’s witnesses: Portrait of a contemporary religious movement. London; New York: Routledge. Holden, A. (2002). Jehovah’s witnesses: Portrait of a contemporary religious movement. London; New York: Routledge.
go back to reference Hookway, N. S., & Habibis, D. (2015). ‘Losing my religion’: Managing identity in a post-jehovah’s witness world. Journal of Sociology, 51(4), 843.CrossRef Hookway, N. S., & Habibis, D. (2015). ‘Losing my religion’: Managing identity in a post-jehovah’s witness world. Journal of Sociology, 51(4), 843.CrossRef
go back to reference Kay, C., & Monaghan, M. (2019). Rethinking recovery and desistance processes: developing a social identity model of transition. Addiction Research & Theory, 27(1), 47–54.CrossRef Kay, C., & Monaghan, M. (2019). Rethinking recovery and desistance processes: developing a social identity model of transition. Addiction Research & Theory, 27(1), 47–54.CrossRef
go back to reference Reid, K., Flowers, P., & Larkin, M. (2005). Exploring lived experience. Psychologist, 18(1), 20. Reid, K., Flowers, P., & Larkin, M. (2005). Exploring lived experience. Psychologist, 18(1), 20.
go back to reference Scharp, K. M., & Beck, A. L. (2017). “Losing my religion”: Identity (re) constructions in Mormon exit narratives. Narrative Inquiry, 27(1), 132–148.CrossRef Scharp, K. M., & Beck, A. L. (2017). “Losing my religion”: Identity (re) constructions in Mormon exit narratives. Narrative Inquiry, 27(1), 132–148.CrossRef
go back to reference Smith, J. A., Larkin, M., & Flowers, P. (2008). Interpretative phenomenological analysis: Theory, method and research. London: SAGE. Retrieved from. Smith, J. A., Larkin, M., & Flowers, P. (2008). Interpretative phenomenological analysis: Theory, method and research. London: SAGE. Retrieved from.
go back to reference Tajfel, H. (1978). Differentiation between social groups: Studies in the social psychology of intergroup relations. London: Academic Press Tajfel, H. (1978). Differentiation between social groups: Studies in the social psychology of intergroup relations. London: Academic Press
go back to reference Tajfel, H., & Turner, J. C. (1979). An integrative theory of intergroup conflict. In M. J. Hatch & M. Schultz (Eds.), Organizational identity: A reader (pp. 56–65). Oxford: Oxford University Press. Tajfel, H., & Turner, J. C. (1979). An integrative theory of intergroup conflict. In M. J. Hatch & M. Schultz (Eds.), Organizational identity: A reader (pp. 56–65). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
go back to reference Testoni, I., Franco, C., Palazzo, L., Iacona, E., Zamperini, A., & Wieser, M. A. (2020). The endless grief in waiting: A qualitative study of the relationship between ambiguous loss and anticipatory mourning amongst the relatives of missing persons in italy. Behavioral sciences, 10(7), 110. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs10070110.CrossRefPubMedCentral Testoni, I., Franco, C., Palazzo, L., Iacona, E., Zamperini, A., & Wieser, M. A. (2020). The endless grief in waiting: A qualitative study of the relationship between ambiguous loss and anticipatory mourning amongst the relatives of missing persons in italy. Behavioral sciences, 10(7), 110. https://​doi.​org/​10.​3390/​bs10070110.CrossRefPubMedCentral
go back to reference Turner, J. C., Hogg, M. A., Oakes, P. J., Reicher, S. D., & Wetherell, M. S. (1987). Rediscovering the social group: A self-categorization theory. Oxford: Basil Blackwell. Turner, J. C., Hogg, M. A., Oakes, P. J., Reicher, S. D., & Wetherell, M. S. (1987). Rediscovering the social group: A self-categorization theory. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
go back to reference Wallis, R. (1984). The elementary forms of the new religious life. Abingdon: Routledge. Wallis, R. (1984). The elementary forms of the new religious life. Abingdon: Routledge.
go back to reference Williams, K. (2001). Ostracism : The power of silence. New York: Guilford Press. Williams, K. (2001). Ostracism : The power of silence. New York: Guilford Press.
go back to reference Williams, K. D. (2008). Ostracism: Effects of being ignored and excluded. International Journal of Psychology, 43(3–4), 398–399. Williams, K. D. (2008). Ostracism: Effects of being ignored and excluded. International Journal of Psychology, 43(3–4), 398–399.
go back to reference Williams, K. D., Forgas, J. P., & Hippel, W. (2005). The social outcast: Ostracism, social exclusion, rejection, and bullying. New York: Psychology Press. Williams, K. D., Forgas, J. P., & Hippel, W. (2005). The social outcast: Ostracism, social exclusion, rejection, and bullying. New York: Psychology Press.
Metadata
Title
Grieving the Living: The Social Death of Former Jehovah’s Witnesses
Authors
Heather J. Ransom
Rebecca L. Monk
Derek Heim
Publication date
19-01-2021
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Journal of Religion and Health / Issue 3/2022
Print ISSN: 0022-4197
Electronic ISSN: 1573-6571
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-020-01156-8

Other articles of this Issue 3/2022

Journal of Religion and Health 3/2022 Go to the issue