Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Journal of Family Violence 4/2009

01-05-2009 | Original Article

Concurrent and Across-Time Relations between Mother/Father Hostility and Children’s Aggression: A Longitudinal Study

Authors: M. A. Carrasco, F. P. Holgado, M. A. Rodríguez, M. V. del Barrio

Published in: Journal of Family Violence | Issue 4/2009

Login to get access

Abstract

This study examined the concurrent and across-time relations between father/mother hostility and child aggression in a sample of 523 (58.7% girls) primary and secondary school children. Data were collected over a period of 3 years, in which the children’s mean age was 11.1, 12.17, and 13.19 years old, respectively. Correlational analyses and cross-sectional and longitudinal structural equation models showed significant relations between parental hostility (both father and mother) and child aggression. These relations, which mainly concerned mothers, predicted future child aggression 1 and 2 years later. Child aggression and parental hostility also elicited each other, thus providing evidence for family socialization as an interactive process.
Literature
go back to reference Ainsworth, M. D., Bell, S. M., & Stayton, D. J. (1971). Individual differences in strange-situation behavior in 1-year-olds. In H. R. Schaffer (Ed.), The origins of human social relations. New York: Academic. Ainsworth, M. D., Bell, S. M., & Stayton, D. J. (1971). Individual differences in strange-situation behavior in 1-year-olds. In H. R. Schaffer (Ed.), The origins of human social relations. New York: Academic.
go back to reference Ayala, H., Pedroza, F., Morales, S., Chaparro, A., & Barragán, N. (2002). Factores de riesgo, factores protectores y generalización del comportamiento agresivo en una muestra de niños en edad escolar. Risk factors, protector factors and generalization of aggessive behavior in a schools children sample. Salud Mental, 25, 27–40. Ayala, H., Pedroza, F., Morales, S., Chaparro, A., & Barragán, N. (2002). Factores de riesgo, factores protectores y generalización del comportamiento agresivo en una muestra de niños en edad escolar. Risk factors, protector factors and generalization of aggessive behavior in a schools children sample. Salud Mental, 25, 27–40.
go back to reference Bandura, A. (1977). Social learning theory. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall. Bandura, A. (1977). Social learning theory. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall.
go back to reference Barkley, R. A., Karlsson, J., Pollard, S., & Murphy, J. V. (1985). Developmental changes in the mother–child interactions of hyperactive boys: effects of two dose levels of Ritalin. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines, 26(5), 705–715. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1985.tb00585.x.PubMedCrossRef Barkley, R. A., Karlsson, J., Pollard, S., & Murphy, J. V. (1985). Developmental changes in the mother–child interactions of hyperactive boys: effects of two dose levels of Ritalin. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines, 26(5), 705–715. doi:10.​1111/​j.​1469-7610.​1985.​tb00585.​x.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Barrio, V., Moreno, C., & López, R. (2001). Evaluación de la agresión y la inestabilidad emocional en niños españoles: su relación con la depresión. Assessment of aggression and emocional instability in Spanish children: its relationship with depression. Cliníca y Salud, 12(1), 33–50. Barrio, V., Moreno, C., & López, R. (2001). Evaluación de la agresión y la inestabilidad emocional en niños españoles: su relación con la depresión. Assessment of aggression and emocional instability in Spanish children: its relationship with depression. Cliníca y Salud, 12(1), 33–50.
go back to reference Bierman, K. L., & Smoot, D. L. (1991). Linking family characteristics with poor peer relations: the mediating role of conduct problems. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 19, 341–356. doi:10.1007/BF00911236.PubMedCrossRef Bierman, K. L., & Smoot, D. L. (1991). Linking family characteristics with poor peer relations: the mediating role of conduct problems. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 19, 341–356. doi:10.​1007/​BF00911236.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Bollen, K. (1989). Structural equations with latent variables. New York: Wiley. Bollen, K. (1989). Structural equations with latent variables. New York: Wiley.
go back to reference Bowlby, J. (1969). Attachment and loss, I: attachment. London: Hogarth. Bowlby, J. (1969). Attachment and loss, I: attachment. London: Hogarth.
go back to reference Brame, B., Nagin, D., & Tremblay, R. (2001). Developmental trajectories of physical aggression from school entry to late adolescence. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines, 42, 503–512. doi:10.1111/1469-7610.00744.PubMedCrossRef Brame, B., Nagin, D., & Tremblay, R. (2001). Developmental trajectories of physical aggression from school entry to late adolescence. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines, 42, 503–512. doi:10.​1111/​1469-7610.​00744.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Caprara, G. V., & Pastorelli, C. (1993). Early emotional instability, prosocial behaviour and aggression: some methodological aspects. European Journal of Personality, 7, 19–36. doi:10.1002/per.2410070103.CrossRef Caprara, G. V., & Pastorelli, C. (1993). Early emotional instability, prosocial behaviour and aggression: some methodological aspects. European Journal of Personality, 7, 19–36. doi:10.​1002/​per.​2410070103.CrossRef
go back to reference Carrasco, M. A., Holgado, P., & Del Barrio, M. V. (2007). Análisis de la estructura del cuestionario de comportamiento parental para niños (CRPBI) en población española. Structure of children’s report parenting behavior inventory (CRPBI) in Spanish population. Revista Iberoamericana de Diagnóstico y Evaluación Psicológica, 24, 95–120. Carrasco, M. A., Holgado, P., & Del Barrio, M. V. (2007). Análisis de la estructura del cuestionario de comportamiento parental para niños (CRPBI) en población española. Structure of children’s report parenting behavior inventory (CRPBI) in Spanish population. Revista Iberoamericana de Diagnóstico y Evaluación Psicológica, 24, 95–120.
go back to reference Collins, W. A., Harris, M. L., & Susman, A. (1995). Parenting during middle childhood. In M. Bornstein (Ed.), Handbook of parenting: children and parenting, (vol. 1, pp. 65–89). New York: Erlbaum. Collins, W. A., Harris, M. L., & Susman, A. (1995). Parenting during middle childhood. In M. Bornstein (Ed.), Handbook of parenting: children and parenting, (vol. 1, pp. 65–89). New York: Erlbaum.
go back to reference Cowan, P., & Cowan, C. (2002). What an intervention design reveals about how parents affect their children’s academic achievement and behavior problems. In J. Borkowski & S. Ramey (Eds.), Parenting and the child’s world: Influences on academic, intellectual, and social–emotional development (pp. 75–97). New York: Erlbaum. Cowan, P., & Cowan, C. (2002). What an intervention design reveals about how parents affect their children’s academic achievement and behavior problems. In J. Borkowski & S. Ramey (Eds.), Parenting and the child’s world: Influences on academic, intellectual, and social–emotional development (pp. 75–97). New York: Erlbaum.
go back to reference Denham, S. A., Workman, E., Cole, P. M., Weissbrod, C., Kendziora, K. T., & Zahn-Waxler, C. (2000). Prediction of externalizing behavior problems from early to middle childhood: the role of parental socialization and emotion expression. Development and Psychopathology, 12, 23–45. doi:10.1017/S0954579400001024.PubMedCrossRef Denham, S. A., Workman, E., Cole, P. M., Weissbrod, C., Kendziora, K. T., & Zahn-Waxler, C. (2000). Prediction of externalizing behavior problems from early to middle childhood: the role of parental socialization and emotion expression. Development and Psychopathology, 12, 23–45. doi:10.​1017/​S095457940000102​4.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Dollar, J., Doob, L. W., Miller, N. E., Mowrer, O. H., & Sears, R. R. (1939). Frustration and aggression. New Haven: Yale University Press.CrossRef Dollar, J., Doob, L. W., Miller, N. E., Mowrer, O. H., & Sears, R. R. (1939). Frustration and aggression. New Haven: Yale University Press.CrossRef
go back to reference Eron, L. D., Huesmann, L. R., & Dubow, E. (1987). Aggression and its correlates over 22 years. In D. Crowell, I. Evans, & C. O’Donnell (Eds.), Childhood aggression and violence: Sources of influence, prevention, and control (pp. 249–262). New York: Plenum. Eron, L. D., Huesmann, L. R., & Dubow, E. (1987). Aggression and its correlates over 22 years. In D. Crowell, I. Evans, & C. O’Donnell (Eds.), Childhood aggression and violence: Sources of influence, prevention, and control (pp. 249–262). New York: Plenum.
go back to reference Farrington, D. P. (1986). Stepping stones to adult criminal careers. In D. Olweus, J. Blockand, & M. R. Yarrow (Eds.), Studies of psychosocial risk: The power of longitudinal data (pp. 158–183). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Farrington, D. P. (1986). Stepping stones to adult criminal careers. In D. Olweus, J. Blockand, & M. R. Yarrow (Eds.), Studies of psychosocial risk: The power of longitudinal data (pp. 158–183). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
go back to reference Farrington, D. P. (1995). The development of offending and antisocial behaviour from childhood: key findings from the Cambridge Study in delinquency development. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 36, 929–964.PubMedCrossRef Farrington, D. P. (1995). The development of offending and antisocial behaviour from childhood: key findings from the Cambridge Study in delinquency development. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 36, 929–964.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Gaylord, N. K., Kitzmann, K. M., & Coleman, J. K. (2003). Parent’s and children’s perceptions of parental behavior: associations with children’s psychosocial adjustment in the classroom. Parenting, Science and Practice, 3(1), 23–47. doi:10.1207/S15327922PAR0301_02. Gaylord, N. K., Kitzmann, K. M., & Coleman, J. K. (2003). Parent’s and children’s perceptions of parental behavior: associations with children’s psychosocial adjustment in the classroom. Parenting, Science and Practice, 3(1), 23–47. doi:10.​1207/​S15327922PAR0301​_​02.
go back to reference Ge, X., Best, K. M., Conger, R. D., & Simons, R. L. (1996a). Parenting behaviors and the occurrence and co-occurrence of adolescent depressive symptoms and conduct problems. Developmental Psychology, 32, 717–731. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.32.4.717.CrossRef Ge, X., Best, K. M., Conger, R. D., & Simons, R. L. (1996a). Parenting behaviors and the occurrence and co-occurrence of adolescent depressive symptoms and conduct problems. Developmental Psychology, 32, 717–731. doi:10.​1037/​0012-1649.​32.​4.​717.CrossRef
go back to reference Ge, X., Conger, R. D., Cadoret, R. J., Neiderhiser, J. M., Yates, W., Troughton, E., et al. (1996b). The developmental interface between nature and nurture: a mutual influence model of child antisocial behavior and parent behaviors. Developmental Psychology, 32(4), 574–589. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.32.4.574.CrossRef Ge, X., Conger, R. D., Cadoret, R. J., Neiderhiser, J. M., Yates, W., Troughton, E., et al. (1996b). The developmental interface between nature and nurture: a mutual influence model of child antisocial behavior and parent behaviors. Developmental Psychology, 32(4), 574–589. doi:10.​1037/​0012-1649.​32.​4.​574.CrossRef
go back to reference Hollingshead, A. A. (1975). Four factor index of social status. Unpublished manuscript. New Haven: Yale University. Hollingshead, A. A. (1975). Four factor index of social status. Unpublished manuscript. New Haven: Yale University.
go back to reference Huesmann, L. R., Eron, L. D., & Dubow, E. F. (2002). Childhood predictors of adult criminality: are all risk factors reflected in childhood aggressiveness. Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health, 12, 185–208. doi:10.1002/cbm.496.PubMedCrossRef Huesmann, L. R., Eron, L. D., & Dubow, E. F. (2002). Childhood predictors of adult criminality: are all risk factors reflected in childhood aggressiveness. Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health, 12, 185–208. doi:10.​1002/​cbm.​496.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Jöreskog, K. G. & Sörbom, D. (2004). LISREL 8.7 for Windows. Linconlwood, IL: Scientific Software International, Inc. Jöreskog, K. G. & Sörbom, D. (2004). LISREL 8.7 for Windows. Linconlwood, IL: Scientific Software International, Inc.
go back to reference Kerr, M., Stattin, H., Biesecker, G., & Ferrer-Wreder, L. (2003). Relationships with parents and peers in adolescence. In R. Lerner (Ed.), Handbook of psychology: developmental psychology, (vol. 6, pp. 395–419). New York: Wiley. Kerr, M., Stattin, H., Biesecker, G., & Ferrer-Wreder, L. (2003). Relationships with parents and peers in adolescence. In R. Lerner (Ed.), Handbook of psychology: developmental psychology, (vol. 6, pp. 395–419). New York: Wiley.
go back to reference Lahey, B. B., & Loeber, R. (1994). Framework for a developmental model of oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder. In D. K. Routh (Ed.), Disruptive behavior disorders in childhood. New York: Plenum. Lahey, B. B., & Loeber, R. (1994). Framework for a developmental model of oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder. In D. K. Routh (Ed.), Disruptive behavior disorders in childhood. New York: Plenum.
go back to reference Lahey, B., & Waldman, I. (2003). A developmental propensity model of the origins of conduct problems during childhood and adolescence. In B. B. Lahey, T. E. Moffitt, & A. Caspi (Eds.), Causes of conduct disorder and juvenile delinquency (pp. 76–117). New York: Guildford. Lahey, B., & Waldman, I. (2003). A developmental propensity model of the origins of conduct problems during childhood and adolescence. In B. B. Lahey, T. E. Moffitt, & A. Caspi (Eds.), Causes of conduct disorder and juvenile delinquency (pp. 76–117). New York: Guildford.
go back to reference Lahey, B. B., Moffitt, T. E., & Caspi, A. (2003). Causes of conduct disorder and juvenile delinquency (pp. 76–117). New York: Guildford. Lahey, B. B., Moffitt, T. E., & Caspi, A. (2003). Causes of conduct disorder and juvenile delinquency (pp. 76–117). New York: Guildford.
go back to reference Loeber, R., & Leblanc, M. (1990). Toward a developmental criminology. Crime and Justice: A Review of Research, 12, 375–473.CrossRef Loeber, R., & Leblanc, M. (1990). Toward a developmental criminology. Crime and Justice: A Review of Research, 12, 375–473.CrossRef
go back to reference Maccoby, E. & Martin, J. A. (1983). Socialization in the context of the family: Parent-child interaction. In P. H. Hetherington (Ed.), Handbook of child psychology, vol. 4 (pp. 1-102). New York: Wiley. Maccoby, E. & Martin, J. A. (1983). Socialization in the context of the family: Parent-child interaction. In P. H. Hetherington (Ed.), Handbook of child psychology, vol. 4 (pp. 1-102). New York: Wiley.
go back to reference Moffitt, T. E. (2003). Life-course persistent and adolescence-limited antisocial behavior. A 10-year research review and a research agenda. In B. B. Lahey, T. E. Moffitt, & A. Caspi (Eds.), Causes of conduct disorder and juvenile delinquency (pp. 49–75). New York: Guildford. Moffitt, T. E. (2003). Life-course persistent and adolescence-limited antisocial behavior. A 10-year research review and a research agenda. In B. B. Lahey, T. E. Moffitt, & A. Caspi (Eds.), Causes of conduct disorder and juvenile delinquency (pp. 49–75). New York: Guildford.
go back to reference Muris, P., Meesters, C., & van den Berg, S. (2003). Internalizing and externalizing problems as correlates of self-reported attachment styles and perceived parental rearing in normal adolescent. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 12, 171–183. doi:10.1023/A:1022858715598.CrossRef Muris, P., Meesters, C., & van den Berg, S. (2003). Internalizing and externalizing problems as correlates of self-reported attachment styles and perceived parental rearing in normal adolescent. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 12, 171–183. doi:10.​1023/​A:​1022858715598.CrossRef
go back to reference Muris, P., Meesters, C., Morren, M., & Moorman, L. (2004). Anger and hostility in adolescents: relationships with self-reported attachment style and perceived parental rearing styles. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 57, 257–264. doi:10.1016/S0022-3999(03)00616-0.PubMedCrossRef Muris, P., Meesters, C., Morren, M., & Moorman, L. (2004). Anger and hostility in adolescents: relationships with self-reported attachment style and perceived parental rearing styles. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 57, 257–264. doi:10.​1016/​S0022-3999(03)00616-0.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Nagin, D., & Tremblay, R. (1999). Trajectories of boys’ physical aggression, opposition, and hyperactivity on the path to physically violent and nonviolent juvenile delinquency. Child Development, 70, 1181–1196. doi:10.1111/1467-8624.00086.PubMedCrossRef Nagin, D., & Tremblay, R. (1999). Trajectories of boys’ physical aggression, opposition, and hyperactivity on the path to physically violent and nonviolent juvenile delinquency. Child Development, 70, 1181–1196. doi:10.​1111/​1467-8624.​00086.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Noller, P., & Callan, V. (1990). Adolescents’ perceptions of the nature of their communication with parents. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 19, 349–362. doi:10.1007/BF01537077.CrossRef Noller, P., & Callan, V. (1990). Adolescents’ perceptions of the nature of their communication with parents. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 19, 349–362. doi:10.​1007/​BF01537077.CrossRef
go back to reference O’Connor, T. G., Deater-Deckard, K., Fulker, D., Rutter, M., & Plomin, R. (1998). Genotype–environment correlations in later childhood and early adolescence: antisocial behavioral problems and coercive parenting. Developmental Psychology, 34, 970–981. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.34.5.970.PubMedCrossRef O’Connor, T. G., Deater-Deckard, K., Fulker, D., Rutter, M., & Plomin, R. (1998). Genotype–environment correlations in later childhood and early adolescence: antisocial behavioral problems and coercive parenting. Developmental Psychology, 34, 970–981. doi:10.​1037/​0012-1649.​34.​5.​970.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Pagani, L., Tremblay, R., Nagin, D., Zoccolillo, M., Vitaro, F., & McDuff, P. (2004). Risk factor models for adolescent verbal and physical aggression toward mothers. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 28, 528–537. doi:10.1080/01650250444000243.CrossRef Pagani, L., Tremblay, R., Nagin, D., Zoccolillo, M., Vitaro, F., & McDuff, P. (2004). Risk factor models for adolescent verbal and physical aggression toward mothers. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 28, 528–537. doi:10.​1080/​0165025044400024​3.CrossRef
go back to reference Pastorelli, C., Barbaranelli, C., Cermak, I., Rozsa, S., & Caprara, G. V. (1997). Measuring emotional instability, prosocial behaviour and aggression in pre-adolescents: a cross-national study. Personality and Individual Differences, 23(4), 691–703. doi:10.1016/S0191-8869(97)00056-1.CrossRef Pastorelli, C., Barbaranelli, C., Cermak, I., Rozsa, S., & Caprara, G. V. (1997). Measuring emotional instability, prosocial behaviour and aggression in pre-adolescents: a cross-national study. Personality and Individual Differences, 23(4), 691–703. doi:10.​1016/​S0191-8869(97)00056-1.CrossRef
go back to reference Patterson, G. R., Bank, L., & Stoolmiller, M. (1990). From childhood to adolescence: A transitional period. The preadolescent’s contributions to disrupted family process. London: Sage. Patterson, G. R., Bank, L., & Stoolmiller, M. (1990). From childhood to adolescence: A transitional period. The preadolescent’s contributions to disrupted family process. London: Sage.
go back to reference Paulson, E., & Sputa, L. (1996). Patterns of parenting during adolescence: perception of adolescents and parents. Adolescence, 31, 369–381.PubMed Paulson, E., & Sputa, L. (1996). Patterns of parenting during adolescence: perception of adolescents and parents. Adolescence, 31, 369–381.PubMed
go back to reference Pettit, G., & Dodge, K. (1993). Family interaction patterns and children’s conduct problems at home and school: a longitudinal perspective. School Psychology Review, 22, 403–421. Pettit, G., & Dodge, K. (1993). Family interaction patterns and children’s conduct problems at home and school: a longitudinal perspective. School Psychology Review, 22, 403–421.
go back to reference Pettit, G. S., Bates, J. E., & Dodge, K. A. (1993). Family interaction patterns and children’s conduct problems at home and school: a longitudinal perspective. School Psychology Review, 22(3), 403–420. Pettit, G. S., Bates, J. E., & Dodge, K. A. (1993). Family interaction patterns and children’s conduct problems at home and school: a longitudinal perspective. School Psychology Review, 22(3), 403–420.
go back to reference Roelofs, J., Meesters, C., Huurne, M., Bamelis, L., & Muris, P. (2006). On the links between attachment style, parental rearing behaviors, and internalizing and externalizing problems in non-clinical children. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 15, 331–344. doi:10.1007/s10826-006-9025-1.CrossRef Roelofs, J., Meesters, C., Huurne, M., Bamelis, L., & Muris, P. (2006). On the links between attachment style, parental rearing behaviors, and internalizing and externalizing problems in non-clinical children. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 15, 331–344. doi:10.​1007/​s10826-006-9025-1.CrossRef
go back to reference Rubin, K., & Burgess, K. (2002). Parents of aggressive and withdrawn children. In M. H. Bornstein (Ed.), Handbook of parenting: children and parenting, (vol. 1, pp. 383–418). New York: Erlbaum. Rubin, K., & Burgess, K. (2002). Parents of aggressive and withdrawn children. In M. H. Bornstein (Ed.), Handbook of parenting: children and parenting, (vol. 1, pp. 383–418). New York: Erlbaum.
go back to reference Rubin, K. H., Stewart, S., & Chen, X. (1995). Parents of aggressive and withdrawn children. In M. H. Bornstein (Ed.), Handbook of parenting I: Children and parenting (pp. 255–284). New York: Erlbaum. Rubin, K. H., Stewart, S., & Chen, X. (1995). Parents of aggressive and withdrawn children. In M. H. Bornstein (Ed.), Handbook of parenting I: Children and parenting (pp. 255–284). New York: Erlbaum.
go back to reference Samper, P., Cortés, M., Mestre, V., Nácher, M., & Tur, A. (2006). Adaptación del Child’s Report of Parent Behavior Inventory (Schaefer, 1965) a población española. Psicothema, 18, 263–271, Spanish version of Child’s Report of Parent Behavior Inventory (Schaefer, 1965).PubMed Samper, P., Cortés, M., Mestre, V., Nácher, M., & Tur, A. (2006). Adaptación del Child’s Report of Parent Behavior Inventory (Schaefer, 1965) a población española. Psicothema, 18, 263–271, Spanish version of Child’s Report of Parent Behavior Inventory (Schaefer, 1965).PubMed
go back to reference Schwarz, J., Barton-Henry, M., & Pruzinsky, T. (1985). Assessing child-rearing behavior: a comparison of ratings made by mother, father, child, and sibling on the CRPBI. Child Development, 56, 462–479. doi:10.2307/1129734.PubMedCrossRef Schwarz, J., Barton-Henry, M., & Pruzinsky, T. (1985). Assessing child-rearing behavior: a comparison of ratings made by mother, father, child, and sibling on the CRPBI. Child Development, 56, 462–479. doi:10.​2307/​1129734.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Zhou, Q., Eisenberg, N., Losoya, S., Fabes, R., Reiser, M., Guthrie, I., et al. (2002). The relations of parental warmth and positive expressiveness to children’s empathy related responding and social functioning: a longitudinal study. Child Development, 73, 893–915. doi:10.1111/1467-8624.00446.PubMedCrossRef Zhou, Q., Eisenberg, N., Losoya, S., Fabes, R., Reiser, M., Guthrie, I., et al. (2002). The relations of parental warmth and positive expressiveness to children’s empathy related responding and social functioning: a longitudinal study. Child Development, 73, 893–915. doi:10.​1111/​1467-8624.​00446.PubMedCrossRef
Metadata
Title
Concurrent and Across-Time Relations between Mother/Father Hostility and Children’s Aggression: A Longitudinal Study
Authors
M. A. Carrasco
F. P. Holgado
M. A. Rodríguez
M. V. del Barrio
Publication date
01-05-2009
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Journal of Family Violence / Issue 4/2009
Print ISSN: 0885-7482
Electronic ISSN: 1573-2851
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10896-009-9222-y

Other articles of this Issue 4/2009

Journal of Family Violence 4/2009 Go to the issue