Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Journal of Family Violence 4/2009

01-05-2009 | Original Article

Jews’ and Arabs’ Perceptions of Inter-Group and Intra-Group Date Rape

Author: Alina Korn

Published in: Journal of Family Violence | Issue 4/2009

Login to get access

Abstract

The study examined the influence of three factors on rape responsibility attributions: subjects’ gender, subjects’ ethnicity, and victim and perpetrator’s ethnicity. Participants were 247 undergraduate students in Israel (164 Jews and 83 Arabs). The most revealing findings are connected with the threefold interaction between the factors studied. It was found that Arab males and females, members of the minority ethnic group, tended to assign more responsibility to a victim involved in inter-group relationships, whereas Jewish males and females, members of the dominant majority group, attributed more responsibility to a victim involved in intra-group relationships. More specifically, Arab males attributed more responsibility to an Arab victim raped by a Jew, while Arab females attributed more responsibility to a Jewish victim raped by an Arab. Among Jews, males attributed more responsibility to an Arab victim raped by an Arab, and females attributed more responsibility to a Jewish victim raped by a Jew. Several ways to explain these interactions are suggested.
Literature
go back to reference Acock, A. C., & Ireland, N. K. (1983). Attribution of blame in rape cases: the impact of norm violation, gender, and sex role attitude. Sex Roles, 9, 179–193. doi:10.1007/BF00289622.CrossRef Acock, A. C., & Ireland, N. K. (1983). Attribution of blame in rape cases: the impact of norm violation, gender, and sex role attitude. Sex Roles, 9, 179–193. doi:10.​1007/​BF00289622.CrossRef
go back to reference Best, J. B., & Demmin, H. S. (1982). Victim’s provocativeness and victim’s attractiveness as determinants of blame in rape. Psychological Reports, 51, 255–258.PubMed Best, J. B., & Demmin, H. S. (1982). Victim’s provocativeness and victim’s attractiveness as determinants of blame in rape. Psychological Reports, 51, 255–258.PubMed
go back to reference Brownmiller, S. (1975). Against our will: Men, women, and rape. New York: Simon & Schuster. Brownmiller, S. (1975). Against our will: Men, women, and rape. New York: Simon & Schuster.
go back to reference Calhoun, L. G., Cann, A., Selby, J. W., & Magee, D. L. (1981). Victim emotional response: effects on social reaction to victims of rape. The British Journal of Social Psychology, 20, 17–21.PubMed Calhoun, L. G., Cann, A., Selby, J. W., & Magee, D. L. (1981). Victim emotional response: effects on social reaction to victims of rape. The British Journal of Social Psychology, 20, 17–21.PubMed
go back to reference Christie, N. (1986). The ideal victim. In E. A. Fattah (Ed.), From crime policy to victim policy, pp. 17–30. London: Macmillan. Christie, N. (1986). The ideal victim. In E. A. Fattah (Ed.), From crime policy to victim policy, pp. 17–30. London: Macmillan.
go back to reference Cohen, S. (1989). Crime, justice and social control in the Israeli Arab population. Tel Aviv: International Center for Peace in the Middle East. Cohen, S. (1989). Crime, justice and social control in the Israeli Arab population. Tel Aviv: International Center for Peace in the Middle East.
go back to reference Deitz, S. R., Littman, M., & Bentley, B. J. (1984). Attribution of responsibility for rape: the influence of observer empathy, victim resistance, and victim attractiveness. Sex Roles, 10, 261–280. doi:10.1007/BF00287780.CrossRef Deitz, S. R., Littman, M., & Bentley, B. J. (1984). Attribution of responsibility for rape: the influence of observer empathy, victim resistance, and victim attractiveness. Sex Roles, 10, 261–280. doi:10.​1007/​BF00287780.CrossRef
go back to reference Edmonds, E. M., & Cahoon, D. D. (1986). Attitudes concerning crimes related to clothing worn by female victims. Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society, 24, 444–446. Edmonds, E. M., & Cahoon, D. D. (1986). Attitudes concerning crimes related to clothing worn by female victims. Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society, 24, 444–446.
go back to reference Epstein, J., & Langenbahn, S. (1994). The criminal justice and community response to rape. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice. Epstein, J., & Langenbahn, S. (1994). The criminal justice and community response to rape. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice.
go back to reference Fishman, G., & Rattner, A. (1997). The Israeli criminal justice system in action: is justice administered differentially? Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 13, 7–28. doi:10.1007/BF02362170.CrossRef Fishman, G., & Rattner, A. (1997). The Israeli criminal justice system in action: is justice administered differentially? Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 13, 7–28. doi:10.​1007/​BF02362170.CrossRef
go back to reference Gerdes, E. P., Dammann, E. J., & Heilig, K. E. (1988). Perceptions of rape victims and assailants: effects of physical attractiveness, acquaintance, and subject gender. Sex Roles, 19, 141–153. doi:10.1007/BF00290151.CrossRef Gerdes, E. P., Dammann, E. J., & Heilig, K. E. (1988). Perceptions of rape victims and assailants: effects of physical attractiveness, acquaintance, and subject gender. Sex Roles, 19, 141–153. doi:10.​1007/​BF00290151.CrossRef
go back to reference Giacopassi, D. J., & Dull, R. T. (1986). Gender and racial differences in the acceptance of rape myths within a college population. Sex Roles, 15, 63–75. doi:10.1007/BF00287532.CrossRef Giacopassi, D. J., & Dull, R. T. (1986). Gender and racial differences in the acceptance of rape myths within a college population. Sex Roles, 15, 63–75. doi:10.​1007/​BF00287532.CrossRef
go back to reference Jacobson, M. B. (1981). Effects of victim’s and defendant’s physical attractiveness on subjects’ judgments in a rape case. Sex Roles, 7, 247–255. doi:10.1007/BF00287539.CrossRef Jacobson, M. B. (1981). Effects of victim’s and defendant’s physical attractiveness on subjects’ judgments in a rape case. Sex Roles, 7, 247–255. doi:10.​1007/​BF00287539.CrossRef
go back to reference Johnson, J. D., & Jackson, L. A. (1988). Assessing the effects of factors that might underlie the differential perception of acquaintance and stranger rape. Sex Roles, 19, 37–45. doi:10.1007/BF00292462.CrossRef Johnson, J. D., & Jackson, L. A. (1988). Assessing the effects of factors that might underlie the differential perception of acquaintance and stranger rape. Sex Roles, 19, 37–45. doi:10.​1007/​BF00292462.CrossRef
go back to reference Johnson, J. D., Jackson, L. A., & Smith, G. J. (1989). The role of ambiguity and gender in mediating the effects of salient cognition. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 15, 52–60. doi:10.1177/0146167289151005.CrossRef Johnson, J. D., Jackson, L. A., & Smith, G. J. (1989). The role of ambiguity and gender in mediating the effects of salient cognition. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 15, 52–60. doi:10.​1177/​0146167289151005​.CrossRef
go back to reference Jones, C., & Aronson, E. (1973). Attribution of fault to a rape victim as a function of respectability of the victim. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 26, 415–419. doi:10.1037/h0034463.PubMedCrossRef Jones, C., & Aronson, E. (1973). Attribution of fault to a rape victim as a function of respectability of the victim. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 26, 415–419. doi:10.​1037/​h0034463.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Kanekar, S., & Kolsawalla, M. B. (1977). Responsibility in relation to respectability. The Journal of Social Psychology, 102, 183–188. Kanekar, S., & Kolsawalla, M. B. (1977). Responsibility in relation to respectability. The Journal of Social Psychology, 102, 183–188.
go back to reference Kanekar, S., & Nazareth, A. M. (1988). Attributed rape victim’s fault as a function of her attractiveness, physical hurt, and emotional disturbance. Social Behaviour, 3, 37–40. Kanekar, S., & Nazareth, A. M. (1988). Attributed rape victim’s fault as a function of her attractiveness, physical hurt, and emotional disturbance. Social Behaviour, 3, 37–40.
go back to reference Kanekar, S., Kolsawalla, M. B., & D’Souza, A. (1981). Attribution of responsibility to a victim of rape. The British Journal of Social Psychology, 20, 165–170. Kanekar, S., Kolsawalla, M. B., & D’Souza, A. (1981). Attribution of responsibility to a victim of rape. The British Journal of Social Psychology, 20, 165–170.
go back to reference L’Armand, K., & Pepitone, A. (1982). Judgments of rape: a study of victim-rapist relationship and victim sexual history. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 8, 134–139. doi:10.1177/014616728281021.CrossRef L’Armand, K., & Pepitone, A. (1982). Judgments of rape: a study of victim-rapist relationship and victim sexual history. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 8, 134–139. doi:10.​1177/​014616728281021.CrossRef
go back to reference LaFree, G. D. (1982). Male power and female victimization: toward a theory of interracial rape. American Journal of Sociology, 88, 311–328. doi:10.1086/227673.CrossRef LaFree, G. D. (1982). Male power and female victimization: toward a theory of interracial rape. American Journal of Sociology, 88, 311–328. doi:10.​1086/​227673.CrossRef
go back to reference Paulsen, K. (1979). Attribution of fault to a rape victim as a function of locus of control. The Journal of Social Psychology, 107, 131–132. Paulsen, K. (1979). Attribution of fault to a rape victim as a function of locus of control. The Journal of Social Psychology, 107, 131–132.
go back to reference Pollard, P. (1992). Judgements about victims and attackers in depicted rapes: a review. The British Journal of Social Psychology, 31, 307–326.PubMed Pollard, P. (1992). Judgements about victims and attackers in depicted rapes: a review. The British Journal of Social Psychology, 31, 307–326.PubMed
go back to reference Rattner, A., & Fishman, G. (1998). Justice for all?: Jews and Arabs in the Israeli criminal justice system. Westport: Praeger. Rattner, A., & Fishman, G. (1998). Justice for all?: Jews and Arabs in the Israeli criminal justice system. Westport: Praeger.
go back to reference Sultany, N. (2003). Citizens without citizenship. Haifa: Mada–Arab Center for Applied Social Research. Sultany, N. (2003). Citizens without citizenship. Haifa: Mada–Arab Center for Applied Social Research.
go back to reference Szymanski, L. A., Devlin, A. S., Chisler, J. C., & Vyse, S. A. (1993). Gender role and attitudes toward rape in male and female college students. Sex Roles, 29, 37–57. doi:10.1007/BF00289995.CrossRef Szymanski, L. A., Devlin, A. S., Chisler, J. C., & Vyse, S. A. (1993). Gender role and attitudes toward rape in male and female college students. Sex Roles, 29, 37–57. doi:10.​1007/​BF00289995.CrossRef
go back to reference Varelas, N., & Foley, L. A. (1998). Blacks’ and whites’ perceptions of interracial and intraracial date rape. The Journal of Social Psychology, 138, 392–400.PubMedCrossRef Varelas, N., & Foley, L. A. (1998). Blacks’ and whites’ perceptions of interracial and intraracial date rape. The Journal of Social Psychology, 138, 392–400.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Williams, J. E. (1984). Secondary victimization: confronting public attitudes about rape. Victimology: An International Journal, 9, 66–81. Williams, J. E. (1984). Secondary victimization: confronting public attitudes about rape. Victimology: An International Journal, 9, 66–81.
go back to reference Wyatt, G. E. (1992). The sociocultural context of African American and White American women’s rape. The Journal of Social Issues, 48, 77–91.CrossRef Wyatt, G. E. (1992). The sociocultural context of African American and White American women’s rape. The Journal of Social Issues, 48, 77–91.CrossRef
go back to reference Yarmey, A. D. (1985). Attitudes and sentencing for sexual assault as a function of age and sex of subjects. Canadian Journal on Aging, 4, 20–28. Yarmey, A. D. (1985). Attitudes and sentencing for sexual assault as a function of age and sex of subjects. Canadian Journal on Aging, 4, 20–28.
Metadata
Title
Jews’ and Arabs’ Perceptions of Inter-Group and Intra-Group Date Rape
Author
Alina Korn
Publication date
01-05-2009
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Journal of Family Violence / Issue 4/2009
Print ISSN: 0885-7482
Electronic ISSN: 1573-2851
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10896-009-9227-6

Other articles of this Issue 4/2009

Journal of Family Violence 4/2009 Go to the issue