Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress 2023 EHA Congress 2023 ASCO Annual Meeting
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on sleep in brain health

LIVE: Thursday 2nd May 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)

Quality sleep is essential for health. But what happens to our brains when sleep patterns are disturbed? Join our experts to explore the interplay between sleep disruption and neurological diseases, and the questions that you need to be asking your patients to help you prevent the harmful effects of sleep deprivation.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
International Ophthalmology
Published in: International Ophthalmology 11/2020

01-11-2020 | Edema | Original Paper

Clinical presentation and prognostic factors affecting surgical outcomes of secondary macular holes after retinal vein occlusions

Authors: Chitaranjan Mishra, Naresh Babu Kannan, Sagnik Sen, Kritika Singh, Sourav Damodaran, Piyush Kohli, Karthik Kumar, Renu P. Rajan, Girish Baliga, Kim Ramasamy

Published in: International Ophthalmology | Issue 11/2020

Login to get access

Abstract

Purpose

To describe clinical presentation, morphological features and surgical outcomes of macular hole (MH) secondary to retinal vein occlusion (RVO).

Method

This prospective interventional study evaluated eight eyes with atypical MH (secondary to RVO) and data regarding medical management, pars plana vitrectomy, postoperative anatomical hole closure, visual acuity improvement, morphological features of hole were noted till the last follow-up.

Results

Eight eyes with full-thickness MH in an RVO eye were followed-up for a minimum period of 3 months postoperatively. Five subjects had a RVO episode which occurred more than 6 months before the onset of the recent symptoms (Group 1; 4 branch RVO and 1 central RVO), and 3 subjects had a recent onset branch RVO within 6 months (Group 2). All FTMH cases except one showed closure at the last follow-up. Visual acuity of all eyes improved from 0.91 ± 0.57 logMAR to 0.5 ± 0.3 logMAR (p = 0.093). At baseline, visual acuities of the two groups had no significant difference. Postoperatively, group 1 holes had better visual prognosis, than Group 2 holes, further substantiated by persistence of subretinal fluid in Group 2 eyes till last follow-up. Minimum hole diameter was higher in the recent RVO group, although anatomical closure was obtained in all of these eyes. Most holes had favorable morphological hole features like raised configuration with rounded edges.

Conclusion

In the presence of favorable morphological features, secondary macular holes associated with retinal vein occlusion may show optimal outcomes after surgery. It is not clear whether acutely created holes in recent onset RVO should be operated early. Older holes may have better prognosis.
Appendix
Available only for authorised users
Literature
1.
Glacet-Bernard A, Voigt M, Coscas G, Soubrane G (2007) Full-thickness macular hole following intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide in central retinal vein occlusion. Retin Cases Brief Rep 1:62–64CrossRef
2.
Muramatsu D, Mitsuhashi R, Iwasaki T, Goto H, Miura M (2015) Macular hole formation following intravitreal injection of ranibizumab for branch retinal vein occlusion: a case report. BMC Res Notes 8:358CrossRef
3.
Nagpal M, Mehta V, Nagpal K (2011) Progression after intravitreal bevacizumab for hemicentral retinal vein occlusion. Case Rep Ophthal Med. Article ID 679751
4.
5.
Ghoraba H (2002) Types of macular holes encountered during diabetic vitrectomy. Retina 22:176–182CrossRef
6.
Flynn HW Jr (1994) Macular hole surgery inpatients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Arch Ophthalmol 112:877–878CrossRef
7.
Shukla D (2013) Secondary macular holes: when to jump in and when to stay out. Expert Rev Ophthalmol 8:437–446CrossRef
8.
Forooghian F, Kertes PJ, Eng KT, Agrón E, Chew EY (2010) Alterations in the intraocular cytokine milieu after intravitreal bevacizumab. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 51:2388–2392CrossRef
9.
Nakao S, Ishikawa K, Yoshida S, Kohno R, Miyazaki M, Enaida H et al (2013) Altered vascular microenvironment by bevacizumab in diabetic fibrovascular membrane. Retina 33:957–963CrossRef
10.
Shukla D, Rajendran A, Kim R (2006) Macular hole formation and spontaneous closure after vitrectomy for central retinal vein occlusion. Graefe’s Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 244:1350–1352CrossRef
11.
Liang X, Liu W (2019) Characteristics and risk factors for spontaneous closure of idiopathic full-thickness macular hole. J Ophthalmol. Article ID 4793764
12.
Huang J, Liu X, Wu Z et al (2009) Classification of full-thickness traumatic macular holes by optical coherence tomography. Retina 29:340–348CrossRef
13.
Brockmann T, Steger C, Weger M, Wedrich A, Haas A (2013) Risk assessment of idiopathic macular holes undergoing vitrectomy with dye-assisted internal limiting membrane peeling. Retina 33:1132–1136CrossRef
14.
Sou R, Kusaka S, Ohji M, Gomi F, Ikuno Y, Tano Y (2003) Optical coherence tomographic evaluation of a surgically treated traumatic macular hole secondary to Nd:YAG laser injury. Am J Ophthalmol 135:537–539CrossRef
15.
Shukla D (2011) Evolution and management of macular hole secondary to type 2 idiopathic macular telangiectasia. Eye 25:532–533CrossRef
16.
Shukla D, Kalliath J, Tandon M, Vijayakumar B (2012) Vitrectomy for optic disk pit with macular schisis and outer retinal dehiscence. Retina 32:1337–1342CrossRef
17.
O’Driscoll AM, Goble RR, Kirkby GR (2001) Vitrectomy for retinal detachments with both peripheral retinal breaks and macular holes: an assessment of outcome and the status of the macular hole. Retina 21:221–225CrossRef
18.
Ryan EH Jr, Bramante CA, Mittra RA et al (2011) Management of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment with coexistent macular hole in the era of internal limiting membrane peeling. Am J Ophthalmol 152:815–819CrossRef
19.
Shukla D, Kalliath J, Srinivasan K et al (2013) Management of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment with coexisting macular hole: a comparison of vitrectomy with and without internal limiting membrane peeling. Retina 33:571–578CrossRef
20.
Bhatnagar P, Kaiser PK, Smith SD, Meisler DM, Lewis H, Sears JE (2007) Reopening of previously closed macular holes after cataract extraction. Am J Ophthalmol 144:252–259CrossRef
21.
Halkiadakis I, Pantelia E, Giannakopoulos N, Koutsandrea C, Markomichelakis NN (2003) Macular hole closure after peribulbar steroid injection. Am J Ophthalmol 136:1165–1167CrossRef
22.
Shukla D, Dhawan A (2011) Pharmacotherapeutic closure of a uveitic macular hole persisting after vitrectomy. Indian J Ophthalmol 59:335–336CrossRef
23.
Zinkernagel MS, Groppe M, Maclaren RE (2013) Macular hole surgery in patients with end-stage choroideremia. Ophthalmology 120:1592–1596CrossRef
24.
Shukla D, Naresh KB, Rajendran A, Kim R (2006) Macular hole secondary to X-linked retinoschisis. Eye 20:1459–1461CrossRef
25.
Park DH, Kim IT (2010) Long-term effects of vitrectomy and internal limiting membrane peeling for macular edema secondary to central retinal vein occlusion and hemiretinal vein occlusion. Retina 30:117–124CrossRef
26.
Yamamoto T, Hitani K, Tsukahara I et al (2003) Early postoperative retinal thickness changes and complications after vitrectomy for diabetic macular edema. Am J Ophthalmol 135:14–19CrossRef
27.
Mandelcorn MS, Mandelcorn E, Guan K, Adatia FA (2007) Surgical macular decompression for macular edema in retinal vein occlusion. Can J Ophthalmol 42:116–122CrossRef
28.
Gandorfer A, Messmer EM, Ulbig MW, Kampik A (2000) Resolution of diabetic macular edema after surgical removal of the posterior hyaloid and the inner limiting membrane. Retina 20:126–133CrossRef
29.
Hayreh SS, Zimmerman MB, Podhajsky P (1994) Incidence of various types of retinal vein occlusion and their recurrence and demographic characteristics. Am J Ophthalmol 117:429–441CrossRef
Metadata
Title
Clinical presentation and prognostic factors affecting surgical outcomes of secondary macular holes after retinal vein occlusions
Authors
Chitaranjan Mishra
Naresh Babu Kannan
Sagnik Sen
Kritika Singh
Sourav Damodaran
Piyush Kohli
Karthik Kumar
Renu P. Rajan
Girish Baliga
Kim Ramasamy
Publication date
01-11-2020
Publisher
Springer Netherlands
Published in
International Ophthalmology / Issue 11/2020
Print ISSN: 0165-5701
Electronic ISSN: 1573-2630
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-020-01465-7

Other articles of this Issue 11/2020

International Ophthalmology 11/2020 Go to the issue

Original Paper

The effectiveness of automatic pupillometry as a screening method to detect diabetic autonomic neuropathy

Original Paper

Impact of the possible prognostic factors for visual outcomes of traumatic cataract surgery

Original Paper

Subclinical inner retinal layer thickness changes in the fellow eyes of patients with unilateral central retinal artery occlusion: a pilot study

Original Paper

A meta-analysis of the rate and related factors of glaucomatous optic nerve damage in patients with Glaucomatocyclitic Crisis

Review

Recent advances in the management of non-infectious posterior uveitis

Original Paper

International globe and adnexal trauma epidemiology study (IGATES): a report from Central India on visual outcome in open globe injuries and correlation with ocular trauma score