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International Ophthalmology
Published in: International Ophthalmology 8/2020

01-08-2020 | Diabetes | Original Paper

Correlation between clinical and cytological parameters of dry eye among diabetics in a Nigerian tertiary hospital

Authors: Onyinyechukwu M. Onyekwelu, Olufisayo T. Aribaba, Vincent I. Onyekwelu, Oluwatobi O. Idowu, Monsurah O. Salami, Kabir B. Badmos, Adeola O. Onakoya

Published in: International Ophthalmology | Issue 8/2020

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Abstract

Purpose

To correlate the clinico-cytological features of dry eye among diabetic patients attending Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos.

Methods

This was a cross-sectional, comparative study among 104 diabetic and 104 age-/sex-matched non-diabetic participants. Demographics were obtained using interviewer-administered questionnaire. Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire was used for subjective assessment of dry eye. All participants underwent ocular examination and dry eye assessment including Schirmer I test, tear film break-up time (TBUT) and ocular surface staining. In addition, conjunctival impression cytology (CIC) samples were taken for histological assessment. Data were analysed using IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY USA).

Results

The mean age was 58.5 ± 10.05 years and 58.32 ± 10.48 years among the diabetics and non-diabetics, respectively (p = 0.856). The male/female ratio was 1:1.4. Three hundred and ninety-seven (199 diabetic and 198 non-diabetic) eyes were assessed. Diabetics had a significantly higher median OSDI score and ocular surface staining grade compared to non-diabetics (p = 0.002 and 0.005, respectively). The TBUT was slightly lower, while the Schirmer test was slightly higher among the diabetics, but not significant (p = 0.058 and 0.033, respectively). The diabetics had a significantly higher CIC grade (p < 0.001). There was a moderate positive correlation between conjunctival cytology and ocular surface staining (r = 0.50, p < 0.01).

Conclusion

This study demonstrates worse ocular surface damage among diabetics characterised by ocular surface staining and abnormal CIC. Furthermore, it shows a positive correlation between ocular surface staining and CIC. Dry eye assessment should be incorporated in routine diabetic eye screening.
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Metadata
Title
Correlation between clinical and cytological parameters of dry eye among diabetics in a Nigerian tertiary hospital
Authors
Onyinyechukwu M. Onyekwelu
Olufisayo T. Aribaba
Vincent I. Onyekwelu
Oluwatobi O. Idowu
Monsurah O. Salami
Kabir B. Badmos
Adeola O. Onakoya
Publication date
01-08-2020
Publisher
Springer Netherlands
Keyword
Diabetes
Published in
International Ophthalmology / Issue 8/2020
Print ISSN: 0165-5701
Electronic ISSN: 1573-2630
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-020-01382-9

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