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Documenta Ophthalmologica
Published in: Documenta Ophthalmologica 1/2010

01-02-2010 | REVIEW ARTICLE

Understanding ischemic retinopathies: emerging concepts from oxygen-induced retinopathy

Authors: Elsa Kermorvant-Duchemin, Przemyslaw Sapieha, Mirna Sirinyan, Martin Beauchamp, Daniella Checchin, Pierre Hardy, Florian Sennlaub, Pierre Lachapelle, Sylvain Chemtob

Published in: Documenta Ophthalmologica | Issue 1/2010

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Abstract

Ischemic retinopathies, such as retinopathy of prematurity and diabetic retinopathy are characterized by an initial microvascular degeneration, followed by an abnormal hypoxia-induced neovascularization. Oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) is a well-established in vivo model of ischemic retinopathies, which, although the triggering insult varies, all share a common end result of capillary loss. Understanding the mechanisms of normal retinal vascular development as well as the pathophysiological processes leading to the primary vascular loss is the key to develop treatments to prevent the sight-threatening neovascularization associated with human ischemic retinopathies. The importance of oxygen-dependant vascular endothelial growth factor in the pathophysiology of both phases of OIR has long been recognized. However, recent studies point out that OIR is a multifactorial disease, resulting from additive effects of an unbalanced expression of pro- and anti-angiogenic factors, interrelated with protective effects of nutritional factors and cytotoxic effects of oxidative and nitro-oxidative stress-dependant mediators. This review summarizes the most recent aspects of the research on OIR conducted in our laboratory and others, with a particular focus on the role of new mediators of nitro-oxidative stress, the trans-arachidonic acids, in microvascular degeneration, and on a novel pathway of metabolic signaling where hypoxia-driven succinate, via receptor GPR91, governs normal and pathological retinal angiogenesis.
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Metadata
Title
Understanding ischemic retinopathies: emerging concepts from oxygen-induced retinopathy
Authors
Elsa Kermorvant-Duchemin
Przemyslaw Sapieha
Mirna Sirinyan
Martin Beauchamp
Daniella Checchin
Pierre Hardy
Florian Sennlaub
Pierre Lachapelle
Sylvain Chemtob
Publication date
01-02-2010
Publisher
Springer-Verlag
Published in
Documenta Ophthalmologica / Issue 1/2010
Print ISSN: 0012-4486
Electronic ISSN: 1573-2622
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10633-009-9201-x

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