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Digestive Diseases and Sciences
Published in: Digestive Diseases and Sciences 5/2019

01-05-2019 | Review

Vitamin D and Gastrointestinal Cancers: A Narrative Review

Authors: Hemant Goyal, Abhilash Perisetti, M. Rubayat Rahman, Avi Levin, Giuseppe Lippi

Published in: Digestive Diseases and Sciences | Issue 5/2019

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Abstract

Calcitriol (1,25(OH)2D3) performs various activities throughout the body. Although low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels are associated with several disease processes such as risk of fractures and falls, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes mellitus, recent evidence attests that this important hormone also regulates several cellular pathways involved in cancer development and progression. Calcitriol modulates several genes controlling gut physiology and calcium homeostasis and also maintains the integrity of epithelial barriers, regulates the absorption of phosphate and calcium, and modulates host defense against pathogens and inflammatory response by interplaying with several types of secretory and immune cells. Vitamin D deficiency is significantly related to increased risk of developing certain types of cancer. This deficiency can be prevented by vitamin D supplementation which is both economical and safe. This can lower the risk of developing cancer and also improve the prognosis of patients with gastrointestinal malignancy, but epidemiological data remain inconsistent. Several retrospective observational studies have demonstrated the benefits of vitamin D supplementation, but a few randomized controlled trials have not seemingly supported the beneficial role of vitamin D supplementation in gastrointestinal cancers. Therefore, in this literature review, we aimed to examine the possible role of vitamin D in gastrointestinal malignancies, including gastric, esophageal, pancreatic, hepatic, and colorectal cancers.
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Metadata
Title
Vitamin D and Gastrointestinal Cancers: A Narrative Review
Authors
Hemant Goyal
Abhilash Perisetti
M. Rubayat Rahman
Avi Levin
Giuseppe Lippi
Publication date
01-05-2019
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Digestive Diseases and Sciences / Issue 5/2019
Print ISSN: 0163-2116
Electronic ISSN: 1573-2568
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10620-018-5400-1

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