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Cancer and Metastasis Reviews
Published in: Cancer and Metastasis Reviews 3/2015

01-09-2015 | Clinical

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and cancer: lessons learned from clinical trials

Authors: Seyed Fazel Nabavi, Stefania Bilotto, Gian Luigi Russo, Ilkay Erdogan Orhan, Solomon Habtemariam, Maria Daglia, Kasi Pandima Devi, Monica Rosa Loizzo, Rosa Tundis, Seyed Mohammad Nabavi

Published in: Cancer and Metastasis Reviews | Issue 3/2015

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Abstract

Over the past decades, extensive studies have addressed the therapeutic effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 FAs) against different human diseases such as cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, etc. A growing body of scientific research shows the pharmacokinetic information and safety of these natural occurring substances. Moreover, during recent years, a plethora of studies has demonstrated that omega-3 FAs possess therapeutic role against certain types of cancer. It is also known that omega-3 FAs can improve efficacy and tolerability of chemotherapy. Previous reports showed that suppression of nuclear factor-κB, activation of AMPK/SIRT1, modulation of cyclooxygenase (COX) activity, and up-regulation of novel anti-inflammatory lipid mediators such as protectins, maresins, and resolvins, are the main mechanisms of antineoplastic effect of omega-3 FAs. In this review, we have collected the available clinical data on the therapeutic role of omega-3 FAs against breast cancer, colorectal cancer, leukemia, gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, esophageal cancer, prostate cancer, lung cancer, head and neck cancer, as well as cancer cachexia. We also discussed the chemistry, dietary source, and bioavailability of omega-3 FAs, and the potential molecular mechanisms of anticancer and adverse effects.
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Metadata
Title
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and cancer: lessons learned from clinical trials
Authors
Seyed Fazel Nabavi
Stefania Bilotto
Gian Luigi Russo
Ilkay Erdogan Orhan
Solomon Habtemariam
Maria Daglia
Kasi Pandima Devi
Monica Rosa Loizzo
Rosa Tundis
Seyed Mohammad Nabavi
Publication date
01-09-2015
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Cancer and Metastasis Reviews / Issue 3/2015
Print ISSN: 0167-7659
Electronic ISSN: 1573-7233
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10555-015-9572-2

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